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Eugene City Hall R32.19.04 Rev. B. September 9, 2003 <br /> <br />damage can best be described in terms of the nature and extent of damage exhibited by its <br />components (floors, columns, walls, ceilings, piping, HVAC equipment, etc.). For <br />example, such component damage descriptions as "shear walls are cracked", "ceiling tiles <br />fell", "wall panels fell out", etc., used together with such terms as "some" and "most" <br />would be sufficient to describe the nature and extent of overall building damage. <br /> <br />Damage to nonstructural components of buildings (i.e., architectural components, such as <br />partition walls and ceilings, and building mechanical/electrical systems) primarily affect <br />monetary and societal losses while damage to structural components (i.e., the gravity and <br />lateral load resisting systems) of buildings affect the expected casualty estimates, as well <br />as other losses. For this project, we have provided fragility curves for damage to the <br />structural components, and separately for the nonstructural components. <br /> <br />Another characteristic of building damage is that it varies from "none" to "complete" as a <br />continuous function of building deformations (building response). Wall cracks may vary <br />from invisible or hairline cracks to cracks of several inches width. Furthermore, damage <br />of different nature or form may occur at different building deformations. As it is <br />impractical to linguistically describe building damage as a continuous function, it is <br />necessary to develop general descriptions for ranges of damage. <br /> <br /> This methodology describes extent and severity of damage to structural components of a <br /> building separately by one of four ranges of damage or damage states: slight, moderate, <br /> extensive, and complete. General descriptions of these damage states are provided <br /> reference to observable damage incurred. Damage predictions resulting from this <br /> physical damage estimation method are then expressed in terms of the probability of a <br /> building being in any of these four damage states. <br /> <br /> G&E Engineering Systems Inc. Page 30 <br /> <br /> <br />