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<br />INTRODUCTION <br /> <br />Within a city, a large share of the public right-of- <br />way is devoted to transportation facilities. A facility <br />may be a street, sidewalk, bikeway, or access way <br />which is used by automobiles, trucks, transit <br />vehicles, bicycles, or pedestrians. <br /> <br />This document contains design standards for <br />arterial, collector and local streets to ensure the safe <br />and efficient operation of each faci I ity type for all <br />users and judicious use of the public space. The <br />standards contained in this document apply to new <br />construction, reconstruction, and improvements to <br />existing unimproved streets, except as specified in <br />this document. The standards apply to both public <br />and private streets unless specified otherwise. <br /> <br />Situations may arise where the design standards <br />cannot be rigidly applied. Under special circum- <br />stances, some flexibility of the standards will be <br />necessary to create a design that is sensitive to the <br />specific needs and features of the location. For <br />example, reconstructions of existing streets may be <br />difficult due to the limitations of existing right-of- <br />way. There may be trees, buildings, or other fea- <br />tures which result in the need for a narrower street <br />cross-section. <br /> <br />Street designs must consider the needs of people <br />with disabilities, such as visually impaired pedestri- <br />ans and pedestrians in wheelchairs. Every effort <br />should be made to locate street hardware away <br />from pedestrian locations and provide a surface free <br />of bumps and cracks which create safety and <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />mobility problems. Smooth access ramps shall be <br />provided where required. <br /> <br />The determination of the pavement width and total <br />right-of-way shall be based on the operational <br />needs for each street as determined by a technical <br />analysis. The technical analysis shall use forecasted <br />demand volumes that reflect the maximum number <br />of pedestrians, bicyclists, parked vehicles and traffic <br />expected when the area using the street is fully <br />developed. As the analysis identifies specific needs <br />such as bike lanes, parking or turn lanes, the width <br />of the street can be established. <br /> <br />Figure 1 illustrates elements which are typically <br />incorporated in the transportation right-of-way such <br />as sidewalks, planting strips, parking spaces, on- <br />street bicycle lanes, and vehicle travel space, which <br />may include left-turn lanes and/or median islands <br /> <br />The width, size, and/or design of the elements <br />frequently differ depending on whether the roadway <br />is classified as a local, neighborhood collector, <br />major collector, minor arterial, or major arterial <br />street. In the functional hierarchy of streets, collec- <br />tor and arterial streets are considered to be major <br />streets. Local street types are considered to be <br />minor streets and are further divided into sub- <br />classifications depending on the function and <br />location of the street. <br /> <br />Figure 1 <br /> <br /> <br />Sidewalk Planting Parking Bike <br />Strip lane lane <br /> <br />Vehicle lanes <br /> <br />2 <br /> <br />Bike Parking Planting Sidewalk <br />lane lane Strip <br />