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on the riparian edge, and to connect with existing routes and pathways. These connections need to be well-marked, easily visible and identifiable from downtown. Two-way Streets Many of the streets downtown function as one-way couplets, including 6th and 7th Avenues, Pearl and Oak, Lincoln and Lawrence Streets. Other streets arc one-way for a portion, such as 10th Avenue or Chamelton Street. A one-way street typically can carry more traffic volume than a street that has traffic in two directions. While one-way streets simplify traffic operations, especially with a signalized system, thc pattern may induce extra travel, force more traffic on some routes, and limit access to and from businesses. A two-way traffic operation enhances local access for all vehicles, including emergency vehicles. Two-way streets also provide better access to local shops or other destinations, making it easier to get around downtown, not just through downtown. This plan supports thc conversion of one-way to two-way operation for as many downtown streets as practical. Pedestrian System A high quality pedestrian system creates a walkable downtown, enhancing the experience of downtown at a very tangible level. Sidewalks that are safe, accessible, and aesthetically pleasing invite pedestrian traffic, and support other goals such as downtown livability. Increased pedestrian traffic provides very real benefits to downtown, supporting retail, reducing automobile traffic, and increasing safety. Well-designed sidewalks become places for people to be, to stroll or to chat in a comfortable urban space. For our downtown to function well, a network of well-designed and maintained sidewalks is essential. Planned transportation improvements will connect the new Federal Courthouse area to the downtown commercial core with a pedestrian crossing at 8th Avenue and Mill Street. These improvements will provide a safe, convenient route along 8th Avenue from downtown east to the river. The pedestrian system needs thoughtfully placed urban design elements to create a well- designed walking environment. These elements include pedestrian amenities such as mid- crossing sanctuaries, benches, bus shelters, trash receptacles, and lights, as well as inclusion of public art. Sometimes it is the smallest details, a well-placed bench, an historic plaque, or special plantings that provide a degree of refuge, comfort or interest that makes walking in downtown a pleasure. The sidewalks on the Great Streets need a cohesive urban design scheme to set these streets apart as special places in downtown. The improvements to Broadway between Lincoln Street and Pearl Street are a good example of a well-designed pedestrian environment. Each of the other Great Streets, Willamette, 8th Avenue and 5th Avenue needs a public improvement design to enhance its unique history, identity and character. Accessibility 38