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Item B: Presentation of Report from Sustainable Business Initiative
ECC UGENE ITY OUNCIL AIS GENDA TEM UMMARY Workshop: Presentation of Report from Sustainable Business Initiative Meeting Date: September 25, 2006 Agenda Item Number: B Department: City Manager’s Office Staff Contact: Mary Walston www.eugene-or.gov Contact Telephone Number: 682-5406 ISSUE STATEMENT Co-chairs Dave Funk and Rusty Rexius of Mayor Piercy’s Sustainable Business Initiative will present the major recommendations from the task force. This meeting will be the first of several opportunities to discuss the recommendations and implementation plan for the recommendations. BACKGROUND In April 2005, Mayor Piercy convened a meeting of over 60 persons from the community to discuss what a sustainable Eugene would look like. Following this meeting, the Mayor proposed the creation of the Sustainable Business Initiative (SBI). A 16-member task force was to be appointed to identify strategies, incentives, financial assistance mechanisms, and educational opportunities which could improve the local economy by generating income for local businesses and living wage jobs for employees while also conserving the environment. Shortly thereafter, with the adoption of the FY06 Budget, the City Council approved the expenditure of $50,000 over an 18-month time frame to support the work of this initiative. Subsequent to the approval of funding, a contract between the City of Eugene and the University of Oregon Resource Innovations was developed to staff the task force, conduct research and develop recommendations, and prepare a final report. The SBI Task Force held its first meeting on June 28, 2005. The task force continued to meet monthly through July 2006. In addition to the 16-member task force, an advisory committee of almost 50 persons was created to provide feedback and comments on the recommendations of the task force. This advisory group met twice during the year-long process. Two town hall-type meetings were also held to provide a forum for comments and conversation on the work of the SBI Task Force. In addition to the meetings noted above, the SBI Task Force sponsored a number of “roundtable” discussion groups on 12 topics related to sustainability. The appendix of the SBI report provides details on the roundtable meeting topics. As noted in the SBI report, (page 8), “Mayor Piercy initiated the SBI to build upon the City government’s sustainability goals and to capitalize on the local private and public sectors long history of exemplary sustainability activities. The overarching goal of the SBI work was to make Eugene one of the nation’s most sustainable mid-sized communities and to become a center of excellence for community sustainability practices. In order to fulfill the goal of strengthening the economy by finding L:\CMO\2006 Council Agendas\M060925\S060925B.doc ways to support business and expand quality jobs that use sustainable measures, Mayor Piercy specifically asked the task force to seek answers to these questions: 1. How can the City support and encourage businesses that make sustainable products? 2. How can the City support and encourage all businesses to adopt sustainable practices? 3. How can the City help and support the broader education of business and the public about sustainability? From the information gathered from the work of the task force, town hall meetings, roundtable meetings and a community survey, the SBI Task Force developed a set of recommendations for retaining, growing, and creating sustainable businesses and jobs in Eugene. The recommendations are organized around three areas: 1) City of Eugene; 2) private sector; and 3) other local governments and educational institutions. There are 11 major recommendations for the City, seven for local private and non-profit sector organizations, and four for other local governments and educational institutions. The specific recommendations for the City of Eugene are found on pages 30 – 35 of the SBI Report. The report provides a more detailed discussion of each one. They are listed here as a point of information. 1. Publicly Commit to Sustainable Practices and to Businesses That Produce Sustainable Products and Services 2. Establish an Office of Sustainability within City Government 3. Establish a Sustainability Board or Commission 4. Adopt a Goal of Becoming Carbon Neutral By 2020 and Develop a Climate Action Plan 5. Purchase and Use Sustainable Practices and Local Products and Services 6. Adopt Sustainability Criteria for Decision-Making, Beginning with Triple Bottom Line Policy Assessments and Purchasing Policies 7. Adopt Goal and Develop Strategy to Achieve Zero Waste 8. Adopt Sustainability Indicators and a Measurement System 9. Educate Employees 10. Provide Incentives and Awards and Remove Barriers 11. Form Partnerships The SBI Task Force emphasizes the first three recommendations for the City of Eugene as these provide the foundation of the institutional mechanisms to establish and sustain the remainder of the recommendations. Specific recommendations for the local private sector and non-profit organizations are found on pages 35 – 37 of the report. Again, the report provides a more in-depth discussion. The list of recommendations is as follows: 1.Design a Plan to Help All Local Businesses Apply or Expand Sustainability Measures 2.Commit to Expanding Sustainable Business Clusters 3.Recruit Businesses to Fill Niche and Create Dynamism within Existing Sustainable Clusters 4.Form Local Associations or Networking Mechanisms 5.Educate the Public and Promote Local Sustainable Products 6.Improve Access to Loans, Grants, and other Forms of Business Financing 7.Form Task Force to Address Social Equity L:\CMO\2006 Council Agendas\M060925\S060925B.doc The final set of recommendations is for other local governments and educational institutions. These are found on pages 37 – 38 of the report. 1. Develop and Operate a Public Education Sustainability Consortium 2. Develop a Consortium to Provide Sustainability Education, Training and Technical Assistance for Local Businesses and Workers 3. Develop Consortium and Implement Metro Area Climate Action Plan 4. Develop Consortium and Implement Metro Area Zero Waster Strategy RELATED CITY POLICIES The SBI report contains a number of recommendations which support existing City policies and practices. For example, Resolution #4618, adopted by the City Council in February of 2000, committed city elected officials and staff to abide by sustainable practices in carrying out their duties. That resolution states: “The concept of sustainability guides city policy and actions. The City of Eugene is committed to meeting its current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The City will ensure that each of its policy decisions and programs are interconnected through the common bond of sustainability as expressed in these principles. The cumulative and long-term impacts of policy choices will be considered as we work to ensure a sustainable legacy.” Administrative Order #21-05-07, directs that “white printer and copier paper and letterhead used by City departments, divisions, and work groups contain 100 percent post-consumer-waste recycled content and be processed chlorine-free and that “colored paper contain at least 30 percent post-consumer-waste recycled content.” There are a number of other examples of programs in place within the City that promote sustainability, such as the Environmental Policy Team, the Green Building Advisory Committee, the construction of new buildings based upon green building principles, and projects such as the restoration of the Delta Ponds and the preservation of the South Hills Ridgeline and trail system. This meeting will present the opportunity for a first look at what types of policies the City needs to adopt or amend. This, however, will not be a detailed discussion of those policies; that discussion will be scheduled for a subsequent meeting. COUNCIL OPTIONS There are no council options offered as this time. This is a workshop setting and an opportunity for the members of the City Council to discuss the report of the task force with the co-chairs. No decisions or direction are being sought from the council at this time. CITY MANAGER’S RECOMMENDATION The City Manager has no recommendation regarding the report at this time. SUGGESTED MOTION None at this time; no action is being sought from the City Council. L:\CMO\2006 Council Agendas\M060925\S060925B.doc ATTACHMENTS A. Report and Recommendations to the Eugene City Council and Community of Eugene (Note: This report was distributed in advance, on September 18, to members of the City Council) FOR MORE INFORMATION Staff Contact: Mary Walston Telephone: 682-5406 Staff E-Mail: mary.f.walston@ci.eugene.or.us L:\CMO\2006 Council Agendas\M060925\S060925B.doc SBIpurposeandgoals A.8 Projectscopeandlimitations B.8 SBItaskforcemembers,advisorycommittee,andstaff C.9 Roundtables,communitymeetings,andotherSBIactivities D.10 TheSBIbuildsonEugene?slongtimeleadershipinsustainability E.10 SBIprinciplesandprocesses F.11 EarlyoutcomesoftheSBI G.15 Descriptionofsustainablebusinesspractices,productsandservices A.17 Driversofsustainablebusiness B.20 andcostsofsustainablepractices,productsandservices C.24 Characteristicsoflocalcompaniesengagedinsustainablebusiness D.26 SBITaskForcevisionofasustainableEugene A.28 RecommendationstotheCityofEugenegovernment B. forachievingthevision 30 Recommendationstothelocalprivatesectorand C.33 Recommendationsforotherlocalgovernmentsand D. educationalinstitutions 37 inrevenue-notbadforsellingused materials.That?swhatMarketofChoicemadein2005fromsellingitsdiscardedcardboard packagingtoWeyerhaeuser.About2,000tonsofwastedivertedfromtheandthe preventionoftheequivalentofapproximately6,000tonsofcarbondioxideemissions.That?s whatrecyclingthecardboarddidfortheenvironment.Ahalfmilliondollarsinincreasedsales. Mostbusinesseswouldbethrilledwiththattypeofreturnona$50,000-$100,000investment. That?swhatGloryBeeFoodsestimatesitgeneratedthroughitsoutlayforthird-partyorganic Forty-twothousanddollarsayear-that?stheaveragesalarypaidbylocalcompanies inthegreenbuildingindustry.Thesearejustafewexamplesoflocalcompaniesand sectorshavefoundthroughtheiruseofsustainabilitymeasures. Smallandlargecompanieshereandabroadarenumerouseconomic,social,and environmentaladvantageswhentheyusesustainablepracticesorproducesustainablegoods andservices.TohelpmorelocalunderstandandfromthisgrowinginJune of2005,EugeneMayorKittyPiercy,withsupportoftheEugeneCityCouncil,launchedthe SustainableBusinessInitiative(SBI).ThepurposeoftheSBIistoidentify,support,andpropose deliberatestepsthat,by2020,canmakeEugeneoneofthenation?smostsustainablemid-size communities.Strengtheningtheeconomybywaystosupportbusinessesandexpand qualityjobsthatusesustainablemeasuresistheheartofthestrategy. MembersoftheEugenecommunitydesireahealthyeconomythatconservestheenvironment whileprovidingequitableaccesstojobswithfairwages,andotherservicescrucialto families.Theofsustainability,whichincorporatesmeasurestosimultaneouslyachieve economic,socialandenvironmentalwellbeing--oftencalledtheTripleBottomLine--has emergedaroundtheglobeasthemeanstoachievethosedesires.TheSBIseekstobuildupon theCityofEugene?ssustainabilitygoalsandtocapitalizeonthecommunity?slonghistoryof outstandinginvolvementinsustainabilityactivities. TheMayornameda16-membercitizenTaskForcetoleadtheSBI.Shechargedthis groupwithobtainingideasfromthepublicandsustainabilityexpertsandthenmaking recommendationstotheCityCouncil,theprivatesector,andotherlocalorganizationsfor retaining,growing,andcreatingTripleBottomLinesustainablebusinessesandjobs.A50 personTechnicalAdvisoryCommitteeassistedtheTaskForce.Studentsandfacultyfrom ResourceInnovationsattheUniversityofOregonstaffedtheSBI. TheTaskForcedevelopedtheirrecommendationsthroughanextensiveoutreachprocess involvingover750people.Thisinvolvedtwo?openhouses,?meetingswithnumerous communityorganizationsandtwoonlinesurveys.Inaddition,theTaskForceheldroundtables onthefollowing12topics/sectors:greenbuilding;educationandtechnicalassistanceforlocal businesses;reuseandrecycling;andfundingforsustainablebusinesses;biofuels; renewableenergy;naturalandorganicfoods;sustainabilityinpubliceducationsystems; sustainablehealthcare;naturalproducts;sustainableforestproducts;andbicycles.Asummaryof therecommendationsgeneratedthroughtheseprocessesappearsinAppendixDofthisreport. Asaresultoftheseactivities,evenbeforetheSBITaskForcedevelopeditsrecommendations,a numberofprivatecompanies,industrygroups,localschoolsandgovernmentstookfurthersteps tomovetowardsustainability.TheseactivitiesaresummarizedinSectionI(G)ofthereport. TheTaskForceusedalarge-scalechangeprocesscalled?AppreciativeInquiry?aswellas ?SystemsThinking?toguideitsactivities.Theyscreenedallrecommendationsfortheirability tocontributetotheTripleBottomLine.Theyalsoevaluatedrecommendationsbasedon theirpotentialtoenhancethefourkeyelementsofsuccessfulbusinessandjobdevelopment asdescribedbyMichaelPorter?s?DiamondofCompetitiveAdvantage.?Theseelementsare discussedinsectionI(F)ofthisreport. Throughthisprocess,theSBITaskForcefoundthattheadoptionofsustainabilitypractices and/orproductionofsustainablegoodsandservicescouldprovideprivatecompanies,workers, andthecommunityasawholewithanumberofForexample,theadoptionof sustainabilitymeasurescanhelporganizations: Reducegreenhousegassesandseizebusinessopportunitiesposedbyglobalwarming Reduceexposuretogrowinguncertaintiesinthesupplyandaffordabilityofoil Prepareforincreasedglobalcompetitioncreatedbydevelopingnations?economies Savemoneybyreducingenergyuseandeliminatingandmakingmoneyfromwaste Increaseproductivitythroughimprovedandemployeecommitment Increaserevenueandmarketsharebyproducinghigh-qualityproductsforgrowing sustainabilitymarkets Enhancetheabilitytoattractandretaintoptalentwhoareincreasinglydrawnto companiesthatusesustainabilitymeasures Reducemanytypesofbusinessrisksandmitigateorpreemptgovernmentregulations Createmanytypesofqualityjobsforlocalworkers Conservetheenvironmentandenhancequality-of-lifeforlocalresidents Theseandotheralongwithexamplesofhowcompanieshereandelsewherehave appliedsustainabilitymeasures,arediscussedinSectionIIofthereport. Informationgeneratedthroughtheextensiveoutreachprocess,combinedwiththeknowledge andexpertiseofTaskForcemembers,ledtoanidealvisionofsuccessthatseesEugeneas America?smostsustainablemid-sizecityby2020.ThevisionisdescribedinPartIIIofthereport. Anoverwhelmingmessagefromlocalpractitionersaswellassoliddatafromotherregionsmade itclearthatboththeprivatesectorandgovernmentmustplaykeyrolesingrowingsustainable businessesandjobs.TheSBITaskForcethereforeoffersrecommendationstotheCityof Eugene,toprivatecompanies,andtootherlocalgovernmentsandeducational institutions.Therecommendationsareintendedtoassistanybusinessinterestedinadopting sustainabilitymeasures.Theyalsoseektosupporttheexpansionofbusinessesalreadyusing sustainablepracticesand/orproducingsustainableproductsandservices. Publiclycommittosupportingbusinessesthatusesustainablepracticesand/orproduce 1. sustainableproductsandservices. EstablishanofSustainabilitywithinCitygovernmenttohighlighttheCity?s 2. commitmenttosustainabilityandtochampionandcoordinateinternalCity sustainabilityactivities. EstablishaSustainabilityBoardorCommissiontohelpexpandsustainabilityefforts 3. withinCitygovernmentandexternallywithinthebusinesscommunity. AdopttheexplicitgoalofbecomingcarbonneutralinallCityownedfacilitiesby2020 4. anddevelopaninternalCityclimateactionplantoachievethatgoal. Purchaseandusesustainablepractices,productsandtechnologies. 5. AdoptsustainabilitycriteriafordecisionmakinginallaspectsofCityoperations, 6. beginningwithapolicyrequiringstafftocompleteaTripleBottomLineanalysisof proposedpoliciesoractionsforcitycouncil,andwithasustainablepurchasingpolicy. Adopttheexplicitgoalofachievingzerowasteto(andincinerators)fromCity 7. facilitiesandoperationsby2020anddevelopaninternalCityplantoachievethatgoal. AdoptsustainabilityindicatorsandameasurementsystemtoassessinternalCity 8. operationsaswellascommunity-wideprogresstowardsustainability. Educateandenhancetheprofessionalskillsandunderstandingofsustainabilityamong 9. Cityemployees. Provideincentivesandrecognitionforbusinessesusingsustainablepracticesandremove 10. barrierstotheiruse. Formpartnershipswithprivate,publicandentitiesinordertoplayakeyrolein 11. thegrowthofsustainabilitypractices,products,andservices. Helpallinterestedlocalbusinessesapplyorexpandsustainabilitymeasures. 1. Committoexpandingsustainablebusinessclusters. 2. Recruitnewbusinessesthatcannichesandincreasedynamismwithinexisting 3. sustainableclusters. Helpbusinessesinkeysustainabilitysectorsformlocalassociationsornetworking 4. mechanismstoincreasecommunicationandsolvecommonproblems. Implementcampaignstoeducatethepublicandgrowthelocalmarketforsustainable 5. productsandservices. Improveaccesstoloans,grants,andotherformsofbusiness 6. Formataskforceamongbusinessownersandorganizations,workersandtheir 7. representatives,localgovernmentsandotherstodiscusswaystoenhance socialequityamongareaworkers. SupportthelocalconsortiumonsustainabilityinpubliceducationorganizedbyLane 1. CommunityCollege. Developandoperateaconsortiumtoprovidesustainabilityeducation,trainingand 2. technicalassistanceforlocalbusinesses. Developametro-areawideconsortium,adoptagoalofbecomingcarbonneutralby2020, 3. andimplementametro-areawideclimateactionplantoachievethegoal. Developametro-areawideconsortium,adoptagoalofachievingzerowasteto 4. (andincinerators)by2020,andimplementametro-areawidezerowastestrategyto achievethatgoal. DetailsontheserecommendationsappearinPartIIIofthisreport. Theserecommendationsprovideastarting,notendingpoint,formakingEugeneoneofthe nation?smostsustainablemid-sizecommunitiesby2020.Theyfocusonestablishingthebasic organizational,communications,andeducationalinfrastructurerequiredforthejourney. Capturingcompetitiveadvantagefromtherapidlygrowingofsustainabilitywillrequirea sustainedeffortbylocalbusiness,government,andeducationalinstitutions.Actions thatbuildontheSBIproposalswillbeneededinthefuture. TheSBITaskForcebelievesthattheexpandeduseofsustainabilitymeasurescanproducea highstandardoflivingthroughtheprovisionofqualityjobopportunitiesforallEugeneresidents. Localresidentswillbeaccordedrespectanddignityandliveinacommunitywithexceptional quality-of-life.Inaddition,wewillhonortheplacewelive--thenaturalenvironmentandbuilt environmentaswellasallitsinhabitants--bymaintainingandrestoringtheclimateandecological systemsthatsupportusall. communitiesby2020.Educationandtraining toexpandtheuseofsustainabilitypractices Anewapproachtobusiness,socialwellbeing andtheproductionofsustainablegoodsand andtheenvironmentisemergingacrossthe servicesisthecornerstoneoftheSBI. globe.Itisgrowinginresponsetoincreasing environmentalthreatssuchasclimate MembersoftheEugenecommunitydesire change,concernsaboutthesupplyand ahealthyeconomythatconservesthe affordabilityofoil,theneedforlivingwage environmentwhileprovidingequitable qualityjobs,andpureeconomicself-interest. accesstojobswithfairwages,and Theiscalledsustainabledevelopment, otherservicescrucialtofamilies.Theof orsustainability. sustainability,whichincorporatesmeasures tosimultaneouslyachieveeconomic,social Anumberoflocalcompaniesand andenvironmentalwellbeing--whichis organizationsareattheforefrontofthe oftencalledtheTripleBottomLine--has sustainabledevelopmentmovement.For emergedaroundtheglobeasthemeansto example,RexiusandPepsi-Colahave achievethosegoals.MayorPiercyinitiated recentlyswitchedtheirvehiclesto theSBItobuildupontheCitygovernment?s runonbiodiesel.About75businessesand sustainabilitygoalsandtocapitalizeonthe organizationspurchasewindpowerfromthe localprivateandpublicsector?slonghistory EugeneWaterandElectricBoard.WestWind ofexemplarysustainabilityactivities. ForestProductsrecentlyinstalleda65kW solarphotovoltaicsystemthatisexpectedto TheMayorappointeda16-memberTask generate73,000kWh/year,allowingthe ForcetoleadtheSBI.Thisreportsummarizes tobeenergyindependent.TheUniversity theworkoftheTaskForce.Itoutlinesthe ofOregonuseslifecyclecostingtoevaluate processusedtosolicitinformationandideas itspurchasingdecisions.TheUOspent10 fromthepublic,theconclusionsdrawn, percentmoreintheyearpurchasing andtheTaskForce?srecommendationsfor environmentallysoundcleaningproductsbut retaining,growing,andcreatingsustainable thisinvestmentpaidoffinyears. businessesandjobsinEugene. Theseexamplestypifythetypeofpractices, products,andservicesEugeneMayor Onecanapproachsustainabilityfroma KittyPiercywantedlocalbusinessesto numberofdirections.Duetoaneedto takeadvantageofwhenshelaunchedthe expandqualityjobopportunitiesinEugene, SustainableBusinessInitiative(SBI)inJune MayorPiercychosebusinessandjob of2005.ThemissionoftheSBIistosupport developmentastheentrypoint.TheSBI andproposedeliberateandthoughtfulsteps thereforefocusedonidentifyingmechanisms tostrengthenthelocaleconomyinamanner toachievefourinterconnectedgoals: thatthecommunityandcanmakeEugene oneofthenation?smostsustainablemid-size AppriseandassistallinterestedendtheTaskForcedeterminedthatithad businessesinapplyingTripleBottomjustscratchedthesurfaceonsocialequity Linesustainabilitymeasures.issues.Establishingcommunitynormsand Assistindustriesalreadyengagedineducatingexecutivesaboutthebusinessand sustainabilitytoexpandpractices,communityofpayingemployeesat productsorservices.orabovelivingwages,providing Expandandestablishgovernmenthealthcareandretirement policiesandprocedurestoserveasworkschedules,opportunitiesforcareer rolemodelsforothersandhelpgrowadvancement,andsupportingworkerrights themarketforsustainableproductsprovideastartingpointformakingsocial andservices.equityanequalpartnerwitheconomicand Educateconsumersaboutthevalueofenvironmentalconcernsinsustainable sustainableproductsandservicesandbusiness.However,muchmoreworkis builddemand.neededonthisissue.TheSBITaskForce encouragesEugeneCityGovernmentand Communitiesarecomposedofmanythecommunityatlargetopursueadditional interrelatedsystems.TheSBIfocusedactionstoaddresssocialequityissues. primarilyonthelocalbusinessandjob developmentsystem.AlthoughtheSBITask Forceexaminedawiderangeofissues,due totimeandresourceconstraintsandother TheSBITaskForcerepresentsthebusiness, reasonsitdidnotaddressanumberoflocal environmental,academic,socialservice,and systemsthatwilltheexpansionof communities.DavidFunk,ofFunk sustainablepractices,products,andservices. LevisAssociates,andRustyRexius,ofRexius Forexample,itdidnotaddressthelocalland Company,co-chairedandablyledtheTask useplanningsystem,industriallandplanning Force.TheTaskForceincludes: system,transportationsystems,affordable housingsystemsoragriculturalland protectionsystems.Thesesystemswillneed tobeaddressedifEugeneistobecomeoneof themostsustainablemid-sizecommunitiesin thenation.TheTaskForceencouragesthe EugeneCityCouncilandotherorganizations toaddresstheminthenearfuture. Inaddition,theTaskForcefounditmuch easiertoidentifymechanismstopromote theeconomicandenvironmentalaspects oftheTripleBottomLinethanthesocial equitycomponents.Forexample,questions continuallyaroseamongTaskForcemembers abouthowincreasedcompanyrevenues andcouldtranslateintohigher wagesandforemployees.Inthe asasustainablecommunityandthesteps necessarytoachieveit.Inthefallandearly winter,2006,theSBIheldroundtables andcommunitymeetingsanddistributed web-basedsurveystothegeneralpublic andmembersofthebusinesscommunity. Eachroundtableengagedlocalpractitioners aswellasoutsideexpertsinadiscussion ofwaystoenhancesustainablebusiness andjobdevelopment.Anumberofthe roundtablesmettwiceandsomecontinued tomeetontheirownfocusingonissuessuch asestablishingon-goingnetworkingand problemsolvingmechanismsandconsumer educationcampaigns. TheSBIheldroundtablesonthefollowing topics:greenbuilding;educationand technicalassistanceforlocalbusinesses; reuseandrecycling;andfunding forsustainablebusinesses;biofuels; renewableenergy;naturalandorganicfoods; sustainabilityinpubliceducationsystems; sustainablehealthcare;naturalproducts; A50-memberplusTechnicalAdvisory sustainableforestproducts;andbicycles. Committee(TAC)supportedtheTask Force.ThelistofTACmembersisprovided Weestimatethatover750business inAppendixA.UOstudentsSarahMazze leaders,governmentrepresentatives,and andRayNeffstaffedtheprojectunderthe 1 residentsparticipatedintheSBI.Wealso supervisionofBobDoppelt,Directorof conservativelyestimatethatSBITaskForce ResourceInnovationsintheInstitutefora members,localbusinessandcivicleadersand SustainableEnvironmentattheUniversityof 2 othersinvestedover1,500in-kindhours.In Oregon.UOstudentsCoelynBarry,Shana addition,UniversityofOregonstudentsand Sweitzer,DanielHenderson,MelissaCohen, facultyprovidedwellover450in-kindhours. andMelissaMakiprovidedresearchassistance. ClaudiaVillegasdidthelayoutanddesignof thisreport. Sustainablebusinesspracticesarenot newtoEugene.Manylocalbusinesses andgovernmentshavebeenengagedin TheSBIwasshapedbyameetingin theforyears.Indeed,theeconomic, April2005whenover50community social,andenvironmentalachievementsof leadersdiscussedtheirvisionforEugene theseorganizationsilluminatethepotentialthe?BuildOregonResponsibly?agreement, sustainabilityholdsforthecommunityandwhichpledgesthebusinesstoutilize thusmadetheSBIpossible.contractorsthatpayprevailingwagesand abidebyallBOLIandOSHArules, Inadditiontotheexamplesalreadylisted,andofferequalopportunityemploymentto intheprivatesectormanylocalcompanieswomenandminoritygroups.InJuly2006 avidlyrecyclepaper,cardboardandothertheCityCounciladoptedagreenbuilding sortsofwaste;BRINGRecyclinghasbeenpolicyrequiringallcity-ownedandoccupied leadingtheefforttoeducateourcommunitybuildingstobeconstructedandmaintained ontheofrecyclingsince1971inenvironmentallyandeconomicallysound throughworkshops,educationaldisplays,waysincompliancewiththeLeadershipin andaresourcelibrary;OrganicallyGrownEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED) Companyisincorporatingsustainabilityintostandards.TheCityadoptedaSustainability itsinternaloperationsandisassistingallofitsResolutionin2000andhasengagedinmany suppliers,distributors,andretailcustomersothersustainablepracticesthanarelisted togobeyondorganicandadopthere.TheResolutionprovidedthestarting sustainabilitypracticesthroughoutthevaluepointfortheSBI. chain.Manyotherexamplescouldbecited. Localeducationalinstitutionshavealso TheCityofEugenegovernmenthasbeenashownexemplaryleadership.Forexample, leaderinthepublicsector.CitygovernmentLaneCommunityCollegemadean reduceditsgreenhousegasemissionsalmostinstitutionalcommitmenttosustainability to1990levels,usesB20biodieselinallofitsthatisbeingappliedthroughouttheirfacilities dieselequipment,andreplacesCityownedandcurriculum.LCCisalsoEWEB?s 3 passengervehicleswithhybridvehicles.largestwindpowercustomer.TheUniversity TheCitypurchasesover50percentofitsofOregonhasoneofthenation?sleading goodsandservicesfromlocalcompaniesgreenchemistryprograms,anawardwinning andrecentlyinstitutedafar-sightedpolicytorecyclingprogram,useslifecyclecostingfor purchase100%recycledpaperforallCityitspurchasingpolicy,andisengagedinother operations.Tooffsettheadditionalcost,theyleadinginitiatives.Newschoolfacilitiesinthe haveimplementedstrategiestocutdownon4JDistricthavegreendesignelementsand overallpaperusethroughstafftrainingandseverallocalschoolsattheK-12levelcompost purchasingprintersthatdodouble-sidedand/orhaveschoolgardens.Numerousother printing.ManyCitydepartmentshaveGreenactivitiesaretakingplaceattheK-12levelin TeamsfocusedonreducingenvironmentalBetheland4JSchoolDistricts. impactsintheiroperations;anEnvironmental PolicyTeam,madeupofpertinentdivision anddepartmentmanagers,overseesthe City?senvironmentalpractices.TheCity Counciladoptedcommunitystandardsfor thewestEugeneEnterpriseZoneproviding TheSBITaskForceusedafour-phaseprocess incentivestocompaniestomeet basedon?AppreciativeInquiry?(AI)to wageandstandards.Inaddition,the accomplishitsgoals.AIemphasizeshelping standardsencouragecompaniestoadopt peoplebringnewideasanddesiresintobeingbusinessesshouldexplicitlythe ratherthanproblemsolving,whichaimslocalcommunityandthelocaleconomy.? atmakingproblemsgoaway.TheSBI?sAIConcernwasalsoexpressed,however,?about processincluded:businesscommitmenttosustainability andtheachievementofsocialequity.?An a. DiscoveryPhase:Information gathering executivesummaryofthestudyisfoundin ?June2005through from community theappendixofthisreport. February2006 b. DreamPhase:Vision development AsoutlinedinPartIIofthereport,the ?FebruarythroughMarch2006 TaskForcefoundtheeconomicof c. DesignPhase:Clarify the changes sustainablepractices,productsandservices ? needed to achieve the vision fairlyeasytounderstandandpromote.They April2006 helppositioncompaniestorespondmore d. DestinyPhase: effectivelytoexternalpressuresandthey ?Maythrough recommendations providenumerousinternalorganizational June2006 Increasedrevenues,andjobs canresult. Similarly,theenvironmental ThroughouteachphaseoftheSBI,the ofsustainabilitywererelativelyeasyto TaskForceusedSystemsThinkingasa recognize.Increasedreuseandrecycling,for fundamentalguidingprinciple.Systems example,canreducewaste.Reducedenergy Thinkingisawaytounderstandand consumptionandashifttorenewableenergy resolvecomplexproblems.Ithelpspeople suchaswindorsolarpowercanreduce lookcloselytounderstandthethinking, greenhousegasemissions. assumptions,andbeliefsthatmaybeat therootofunsustainableactivities.Italso However,aspreviouslydiscussed,theTask helpspeopleexaminecause-and-effect Forcefounditmuchmoretoidentify relationships. mechanismstopromotethesocialequity aspectsofsustainablebusiness.LERC?sfocus groupresearchfoundthat?health TheTaskForceevaluatedbusinessandjob workscheduling,livingwage,and optionsbasedontheirabilitytoproduce opportunitiesforcareeradvancementwere economic,socialandenvironmental seenasthemostimportantsocialequity FocusgroupsorganizedbySBITaskForce indicatorsintheworkplace.?Althoughthere membersLynnFeekinandClaireSyrettand wasunanimousagreementamongTask theUOLaborEducationResearchCenter Forcemembersoftheimportanceofthese (LERC)found?considerableawarenessof issues,itcouldnotcometoagreementon andsupportfortheconceptofsustainable howbesttopromotethem.Asaresult,one businessdevelopment,alongwithadeep oftherecommendationsmadeinPartIII senseofpridethatEugeneisacommunity ofthisreportistoestablishaprivate-public withmanybusinessesalreadycommitted taskforcetocontinuethedialogueonhow tosustainablepractices.?Theresearch toincorporatesocialequityissuesinto alsofound?strongbeliefthatsustainable sustainablebusinessandjobdevelopment. accesstocapital,localinformationsystems, suppliesoflocallyproducedrawmaterials, andeducationalsystems.Asaresult,manyof theSBIrecommendationsseektostrengthen TheSBITaskForceusedHarvardEconomist thesecorefactors. MichaelPorter?s?DiamondofCompetitive Advantage?asitsmodelforbusinessandjob This addresses the development.4 Afteryearsofresearch,Porter number and make-up of knowledgeable and foundthatfourfundamentalconditionsmust demanding local customers. berobustforindustriestogrow andgeneratequalityjobs.Eachofthefour Porter?sresearchfoundthatthemost elementstheothersandweakness successfulindustriesgrowwhere inanyoneofthemcanundermineanentire knowledgeablelocalcustomersexistwhoput industryoreconomy. pressureonlocaltocontinuallyimprove theirproductsandservices.Forexample,the Porterfoundthatinthemostsuccessful organicandnaturalfoodsindustryinLane efforts,governmentplaysanimportantrole Countygrew,inpart,duetothenumberof bycreating,supporting,orstrengtheningeach localconsumerswhowantedhealthyfood. ofthefourconditionsthatarevitaltoprivate Threekeyelementsdeterminetheimpact sectorsuccess.TheSBITaskForcetherefore oflocaldemand:thenatureofcustomer focusedontheroleofboththeprivateand needs;thetiming,size,andmakeupofearly publicsectorsinsustainablebusinessand demand;andthewaybusinessestranslate jobdevelopment.Thefourelementsare localcustomerpreferencesintoexternal describedbelow. markets.Governmentprocurementcan playamajorroleinbuildingdemandfor These are the basic products,especiallyearlyinthedevelopment inputs necessary for any industry to successfully andmarketdiffusionstages.Theappendix grow and compete. ofthereportincludesasummaryofhowthe purchasingpoliciesoftheCityofPortlandand Factorconditionsincludetheskills, KingCounty,Washingtonhavehelpeddrive knowledge,andcostsoflocallabor; themarketforsustainablegoodsandservices. availabilityofkeyrawmaterials;thelocal climate;availabilityofcapital;theconditions Aconsistentthemeheardfrompractitioners oflocalinfrastructure(communications, throughouttheSBIwastheneedtoeducate transportation,healthcaresystems);and localconsumerstobuilddemandforlocally proximitytomajormarkets.Factorconditions producedandsold,sustainablepracticesand canbeinherited,suchasourarea?sabundance products.Anotherthemewastheneedforthe ofgoodagriculturalland,andcreatedthrough CityofEugeneandotherlocalgovernments investments,suchaswhengovernmentbuilds tohelpstimulateearlydemandforsustainable roadsandfundseducation. productsandservicesthroughitspurchasing decisions.EugeneCitygovernmentspent Someofthemostcommonthemesheard overseventeenmilliondollarsonpurchases duringtheSBIDiscoveryPhasewerethe inFY2006,withthemajoritybeingspent needtoimprovetheskillsandknowledge inthelocalareaorthe oflocalbusinessmanagersandworkers, StateofOregon.ThissuggeststhattheCityCommunitynormsandgoalsfocusedon ofEugene?spurchasingdecisionscanhavesustainability,forexample,mayencourage anonthemarket.Asaresult,companiestomanagetheiroperationsand severalrecommendationsfocusonincreasinggenerateproductstomeetthoseobjectives. localdemandforlocallyproducedandsoldOfspecialimportanceisrivalrybetween sustainablegoodsandservices.localcompanies.Competitiontobeamong theleadersintheuseofsustainability practicesand/ortoproducequalityproducts iskeytostimulatinginnovation.Innovation This describes the presence or absence of drivesimprovementsinprocessandproduct local suppliers and companies in closely quality.Rivalryalsoleadstonewbusinesses related industries. bycreatingspin-offsandencouragingnew PorterfoundthatthepresenceoflocalentrepreneurstoentertheInaddition, productsuppliersprovidesearly,rivalrycapturestheattentionofconsumers, andsometimespreferredaccesstolow-costwhichhelpsexpandlocaldemand. qualityrawmaterials.Similarly,thepresence ofmanytypesofcompaniesinsimilarorAdominantthemeheardthroughoutthe relatedincreasesdynamismwithinallSBIwasthatlocalcompanieswouldrespond localindustries.ClosecommunicationamongifCityofEugenegovernmentestablished companiesinthesameandrelatedindustriesclearandambitioussustainabilitygoalsfor leadstosolutionstoproblemsallentitiesface.itsownoperationsandthecommunityat Networkingamonglocalindustryclustersalsolarge.WealsoheardthatCitygovernment helpsspurinnovationandcontinualproductneededtosupportthesegoalsbymakinga andprocessimprovementsamongpubliccommitmenttopurchasingsustainable allcompanies.goodsandservices,usingsustainable practicesandbysupportingandrewarding ThroughtheSBI,businessesleaderspointedcompaniesthatdothesame.AnumberofSBI outgapsinlocalsupplychainsthatrequirerecommendationsareconsequentlyaimedat themtopurchasekeyfeedstocksfromafar.achievingtheseends. Wealsoheardabouttheneedtoattract businessestotheareathatcouldproduce The ?Diamond?s? Self-Reinforcing Effects neededsuppliesorincreasethedynamism s Grows Business and Job Opportunitie oflocalindustryclusters.Several recommendationsarethereforeaimedat expandingthenumberoflocalsuppliers Wheneachofthefourelementsofthe andatrecruitingbusinessestonichesin DiamondofCompetitiveAdvantageis existingsustainablebusinessclusters. strong,thesystemfeedsonitself. Forexample,improvingtheknowledgeand skillsoflocalworkers(enhancingfactor conditions)increasestheproductivityof created, organized, managed, and compete. localcompanies.Animprovedworkforce alsoattractsnewtotheregionin Porterfoundthatlocalexpectations similarindustrieswhoneedcomparable oftendrivethewaycompaniesfunction. typesoftrainedworkers.Newexpand employmentandincreaserivalryand theWillametteValleySustainable relatedandsupportiveindustries.The FoodsAlliance. entryofnewcompetitorsalsooftentriggersMembersofthenaturalproductsindustry competitionandthusinnovation mettodiscussformationofalocalnetwork. amonglocalcompanies,whichleadstoAgroupofrenewableenergyprofessionals newproductsthatcapturetheattentionof continuestomeettodiscussforming localconsumersandincreaseslocalsales alocalmechanismtoincreaseemployee- (improveddemandconditions).Growing trainingopportunitiesandidentifyways demandincreasesrevenues.Enhanced toeducatethepublicabouttheof revenuecauseslocaltoexpandorcreate renewable/solarenergy. spin-offs,anditmaydrawnewentrepreneursLaneCommunityCollegeinitiated intotheallofwhichincreasesjob aprocesstohelplocalschooldistricts opportunities.Businessexpansionincreases andgovernmentsinvolvedwithpublic theneedformorespeciallytrainedworkers. educationdevelopsustainability Thus,theentireprocessbecomesself- curriculum,trainteachers,andpossibly reinforcing,leadingtotheexpansionof hirealocalsustainabilitycoordinatorto sustainablebusinessesandjobs. serveallschooldistricts. TheOregonDepartmentofCommunity More information about each of these principles andEconomicDevelopmentdetermined and processes appears in Appendix G. thatlocalbusinessescoulduseoneof theirlowinterestloanprogramstopayfor sustainabilityauditsandconsultants. EcotrustandUOResourceInnovations EvenbeforetheTaskForcedeveloped initiatedaprojecttoplacesustainably itsrecommendations,theSBItriggered harvestedwoodfromtheSiuslawbasin numerousactivities.Theseearlysuccesses intolocalgreenbuildingprojectsand underscorethetremendousenergyand lumberyards.Italsoseekstoraisepublic commitmentwithinthecommunityfor awarenessabouttheof sustainablebusiness. stewardshipcontractingandwhy purchasingsustainablewoodfrom theSiuslawcontributestowatershedand economichealth. TheCascadiaChapteroftheU.S.Green BuildingCounciljoinedwithCityof Eugenestafftodiscusshowtocoordinate andincreasegreenbuildingeducationfor ShoreBankEnterprisewhich localbuildingtradeprofessionals. providesnon-bankloansandtechnical Agroupofdesignandengineering assistancetosustainablebusinesses,began professionals,builders,subcontractors, toconsiderhowitcouldbecomeactivein buildingmanagers,developersandother theEugenearea. interestedpartiesareformingalocal Localgroupsinvolvedwithtourism branchoftheU.S.GreenBuilding discussedprogressinmakinglocalevents CouncilCascadiaChapter.Their moresustainableandpresentedalistof meetingwasheld6/27/06. recommendationsfortheSBITaskForce Membersofthenaturalandorganicfoods toconsider. industrydevelopedanewlocalassociation, TheNorthwestEnergyEducationInstitute (NWEEI)atLaneCommunityCollege offeredtocreateawebsitetoserveasan AnumberofTVandradionewsspots informationclearinghouseonsustainable havementionedtheSBIoverthepast businessactivitiesfortheentire monthsandlocalmediahasincreased community.TheNWEEIiscurrently coverageofsustainablebusinessproducts workingtodeploythesite. andservices. TerryMcDonald,directorofSt.Vincent Jerry?sHomeImprovementofferedtoadd dePaul,ispursuinganideatoestablish sustainability-focusedworkshopstotheir aretailoutletattheAuroraBuildingin How-Toeducationalefforts. downtownEugenetoselllocalsustainable TheNeighborhoodLeadersCouncil productsandtopossiblyserveasan offeredtopublisharticlesonwhatarea incubatorspaceforstart-upbusinesses. residentsandneighborhoodorganizations TwoSBITaskForcemembers,Lynn candotopromotesustainablepractices FeekinandClaireSyrett,workedwith withintheircommunityregions. theDirectoroftheUOLaborEducation CumulusRadio,whichownssixradio andResearchCenter,BobBussel,to stationsinEugene,offeredtoprovidethe obtainfundingforcommunity-based SBIwithayear?sworthoffreepublicityin researchintoworkers?andbusiness theformofpublicserviceannouncements owners?viewsandexpectationsofthe topromotesustainablebusinesspractices, socialequityelementsofsustainable productsandservices. businessdevelopment.Theyheldaseries offocusgroupsexploringthequestion ofhowasustainablebusinesscanor shoulditscommitmenttoworkers andcommunitythatmakesupthepromise ofsocialequity.Theresultofthisresearch canbefoundintheappendixofthisreport. to cause to continue (as in existence or a certain state, or in force or intensity); to keep up, especially without interruption, diminution, Webster?sNewInternationalDictionary ,to?sustain?meansto maintainsomethingovertime.Everyone knows,however,thatcircumstanceschange andnothingcanbemaintainedinthesame TheU.NWorldCommissionon formforever.Asapracticalmatter,therefore, EnvironmentandDevelopmentcoined sustainabilityinvolvesthecapacitytoadapt theterm?sustainabledevelopment?intheir successfullytochangingconditions.Savvy 1988report,?OurCommonFuture?: businessexecutivesknowhowvitalitisto keepaneyeonemergingtrends, actearlytoavoidproblems, ?Sustainable development is development that meets the andbeamongtheto needs of the present without compromising the ability of enternewmarkets.Doingso future generations to meet their own needs.? oftensavesmoneyandcreates competitiveadvantageover thosethatfailtodoso. Althoughthisisalaudablegoal,the provideslittleguidanceonhow TheSBIgrewoutoftheMayor?sbeliefthat anorganizationcanensurethatitsactivities increasingconcernssuchasglobalwarming, donotcompromisetheabilityoffuture uncertaintiesoverthesupplyandaffordability generationstomeettheirneeds.Asaresult, ofoil,growinginternationalcompetition, numerousexpertshaveproposedmore andotherfactorsmayincreasinglyconstrain toachievetheseends.Thereisno businesspracticesandproductsthatignore single?best?waytosustainability. economic,social,andenvironmentalissues. Onetheotherhand,theseforcesprovide However,carefulreviewofthemostcommon growingopportunitiesforbusinessesthat agreementthatfroman maketheTripleBottomLineapriority.The economicperspective,sustainabilityinvolves Mayorfeltitwasimportanttohelplocal ashiftfroma?linear?toa?circular?production companiesandgovernmentprepareforand system.Sincethedawnoftheindustrial takeadvantageoftheseemergingtrends. revolution,businesseshaveusedalinear productionmodel.This ?take-make-waste? meansweextractnaturalresourcessuchas minerals,metals,andwoodfromtheEarth?s surface,makethemintogoodsandservices forhumanuse,thendiscardthe[often toxic]wastebackintonatureasquicklyand aspossiblewithoutmuchconcern forenvironmentalorhumanimpacts.Thisaddresses suchascash Thelinearsystemhasproducedtremendousmarketshare,shareholdervalue,and economicHowever,thelinear futureeconomicviability.Companies approachalsogeneratessomeunintended cannotstayinbusinessunlesstheyare negativesideeffectsthatarenowbecomingviable. apparent,suchasglobalwarming. SustainabilitythereforecanbethoughtofThisaddresses social asthenextlogicalstepinsociety?sthinkingsuchaspaying capitaland equity abouthowoureconomicsystemsshould employeeslivingwages,providing function.Ittiestogethertheendsofthelinear affordablehousingandaccessto approachintoacircular healthcare,andenhancingemployee ?borrow-use-return? productionsystem. knowledgeandskills.Italsofocuseson actionstoenhancethelocalcommunity, Inacircularapproach,naturalresources peoplewholivewhererawmaterialsare andenergyarecarefullyharvestedfrom producedorwasteisdeposited,andfuture nature.Rawmaterialsarethentemporarily generations.Buildingsocialcapitalisvital turnedintogoodsandservicesforhuman forrobusteconomiesandcommunities. use.Technicalmaterialswenowconsider wastearethenre-circulatedbackintotheThis economyforfurtheruse.Biologicalbi- addressesincludingairand natural capital productsfromtheeconomicsystemare waterquality,soilhealth,plantsand reincorporatedintonature.Eachstepis animals,andatmosphericandclimatic accomplishedwithoutharmtoemployees, conditions.Healthystocksandof communities,ortheenvironment.Ample naturalcapitalprovidethebasisforall datashowsthattheshifttothis socialandeconomicactivity. closed-loop approachcanleadtocostsavings,increased productivity,andultimatelytocompetitive advantageforbusinesswhileimproving Asdescribedbelow,theuseofsustainability quality-of-lifeandconservingnature. measuresgeneratesinallthree elementsoftheTripleBottomLine.Further, Makingtheshiftfromalineartocircular sustainableindustryclusterscanbepowerful economicsystemrequiresanexpanded economicnichesforourcommunity. commitmenttothehealthandwell-being ofemployeesandthecommunity-at-large. Peoplearethemostimportantpartofany businessandeverycommunity.Helping employeesimprovetheirknowledgeandskills andprovidingwagesandthatallow forahighquality-of-lifearecriticaltothe long-termhealthofanorganizationandto societyasawhole. Renewableenergysuchasbiofuels,solarphotovoltaics,windpowerandbiomass thatreducetheuseoffossilfuelsandthusgreenhousegasemissions; Third-partyforestry,organicandnaturalfarmingandfoodprocessing; Leanmanufacturingandcarefulmanagementofsupplychainstoreducethe amountofrawmaterials,energy,water,andpackagingusedandwastethat isproduced; Natural,non-toxic,andbiodegradablerawmaterialsinproductsandprocesses; Reuseandrecyclingaimedateliminatingwastetoandincinerators; Buildingsdesigned,constructed,remodeled,landscaped,andmaintainedwith greenbuildingpractices; Activelyseekingwaystoincorporatemorefamilytimeintoemployee?sschedules; Compensatingemployeestoenablethemtomeetatleasttheirbasicneedsand providetheopportunitytoimprovetheirskillandcapabilityinordertoincrease theirsocialandeconomicopportunities. Theapplicationofsustainablepracticesoftenrequiresnewproductsandservices.In addition,theglobalchangesdiscussedbelowareincreasingmarketdemandfor productsthatembodysustainability. Energytechnologiessuchashighmotors,buildingmaterials, heatingandcoolingsystems,andsolarhotwatersystems; Renewableenergytechnologiessuchaswindmills,solarphotovoltaics,biofuels, biomass,andwavepower; Constructionmaterialsandhouseholditemsmadeofsustainablewood; Natural,non-toxiccommercialandhouseholdcleaningsolvents,gluesandpaints; Naturalpersonalcareproductssuchascosmetics,bodylotions,andsupplements; Organicandnaturalfoods; Non-toxic,recyclableandfullybiodegradablepackaging; Renewable-energypoweredvehiclessuchaselectricandfuelcars; Productsmadefromrecycledmaterials; Education,designwork,andconsultingthathelporganizationsusesustainable practicesorproducesuchproducts. respondingtothesechallengesbyadopting practicesthatreducetheiremissionsandby Researchaswellaspracticalexperiencehere producingproductsandservicestohelpothers andabroaddemonstratesthatbusinessesadopt dothesame. sustainabilitymeasuresforavarietyofreasons. Thedriversincludesocio-economicpressures Intheprivatesector,forexample, originatingoutsideoflocalorganizationsand WeyerhaeuserCo.recentlypledgedtosetan thoseoriginatingwithinorganizations. exampletotherestoftheindustrybycutting itsgreenhousegasemissionsby40percent by2020,amoveitsaidshouldbegoodfor bothitsbottomlineandtheenvironment. Thecompanysaysitwillachievethatgoalby investinginnewtechnologythatwillallow itsNorthAmericanpulpmillstorunon Everyyearsince1997hasbeenintheTop alternativeenergysourcessuchasbiomass, 10listofhottestyearsinrecordedhistory. insteadoffossilfuels. 2005wasdeemedthewarmestonrecord. Averageglobaltemperatureshaverisenby OnJune23,2006,250mayorsfrom42states 1.4degreesFsincethelate19thcentury. representingover46.3millionAmericans, Globally,thewarminginthe20thcentury includingEugeneMayorKittyPiercy, isthelargestofanycenturyduringthepast endorsedtheU.S.MayorsClimateProtection thousandyears.Scientistshavethat Agreement.Amongotheractions,itcallsfor theincreasedtemperatureisdueprimarily citiesto?takeactionsintheirownoperations totheaccumulationofhuman-produced andcommunities?to?strivetomeetor greenhousegassessuchascarbondioxide exceedKyotoProtocoltargets(reducing andmethane(andotherhumanactivities globalwarmingpollutantsto7percentbelow 5 suchasdeforestation).Agrowingnumberof 1990levels)by2012?.OnJune5,theU.S. scientistsareconcernedthatmorethana ConferenceofMayor?sadoptedthe?2030 2-3°Ftemperatureincreaseabovepre- Challenge?(Resolution#50)whichsets industriallevelsmaygenerateimmenseand thegoalofcarbon-neutralcitybuildings possiblyirreversibleeconomic,socialand by2030.Thismeans,?newcitybuildings ecologicalimpactsworldwide. willusenofossil-fuelorgreenhousegas emittingenergysourcestooperate?forALL Manyscientistsagreethatstabilizingthe buildings.In2001,SeattleCityLightadopted climatewillultimatelyrequirereducing ResolutionNumber30359tobecomethe globalgreenhousegasemissionsby60-80% majorutilityinthecountrytoachieve from1990levels.Thus,businessesand zeronetgreenhousegasemissions.The communitieshereandabroadwillincreasingly utilityachievedthisgoalinNovember2005 beunderpressuretobecome?carbonneutral.? throughacombinationofenergyconservation Becomingcarbonneutralmeansreducingnet programs,divestingfromacoalplant, carbonproductiontozero.Itcanbeachieved purchasingrenewableenergy,andbuyingthe throughacombinationofincreasedenergy equivalentofabout$2perpersonannually useofrenewableenergy,and inemissionsoffsets.(SeeAppendixIforthe thepurchaseofcarbonoffsets.Anumberof U.S.MayorsAgreement,theU.S.Conference companiesandcommunitiesintheU.S.are ofMayorsresolution,andotherinformationtoreducetheiruseoffossilfuelsthrough aboutreducinggreenhousegasemissions).energyandashifttohomegrown renewableswillavoidtheseproblemsand Theearlyadopterswillbepositionedtoavoidcontroltheirowndestiny. theeconomicvolatilitythatgrowinglimitations oncarbonemissionsarecertaintobring.They arealsolikelytobecomeleadersintheir TheeconomiesofChina,India,andother Industriesthathelpreducecarbonemissions developingnationsaregrowingrapidly suchasenergyrenewableenergy, andthetrendisexpectedtocontinue.The greenbuilding,sustainablefarming,natural robustentryintotheworldeconomicstage bio-products,reuseandrecyclingandothers ofdevelopingnationsiscreatingintense willlikelybethebigwinners. pressureonU.S.companiestoincrease andproductivityandproduce productsthatservemarketnichesthatother nationsarenotmeeting.Agrowingnumberof U.S.companieshaverealizedthatsustainable Anumberofresearchersareincreasinglypracticesandproductshelpreduceoperating concernedthattheworldmayhit?peakoil?costs.Theyalsocanleadtonewproductsand withinthenextdecadeorso.Thismeansservicesthatcansuccessfullycompeteinthe globaldemandforoilwilloutweighsupplyincreasinglycompetitiveglobalmarketplace. andasdemandincreases,supplieswill continuetodecline.Aswithanycommodity, ifandwhenpeakproductionoccurs,oilprices arelikelytobevolatileandthereliabilityof TheunemploymentrateinLaneCountywas suppliesmaybeatrisk. 5.6percentinJuneof2006.Thiscompares tothestatewiderateof5.4percentandthe Highenergypriceswereoneoftwofactors nationalunemploymentrateof4.8percent negativelyimpactingOregon?ssmall duringthesamemonth.The2000Census businesses,accordingtoLibertyBank?sSmall foundthatmedianincomeforahouseholdin BusinessIndexforJune2006.Recordhigh Eugenewas$35,850comparedtoastatewide oilpricesof$73to$75perbarrelaffect averageof$40,916.Almostninepercentof theeconomybydrainingadditionalfunds Eugenefamiliesliveatorbelowthepoverty fromconsumerspending,leavinglessfor line.A2005reportfoundthat36,550people otherpurchases. inLaneCountyoutofatotalpopulationof 335,180didnothavehealthcareinsurance. Risksofpriceandsupplyvolatilityare Thisdatasuggeststhatjobgrowthapplicable bythefactthatamajorportionof toavarietyofskilllevelsaswellashealthcare U.S.oilsupplyisderivedfromthepolitically insuranceandotheremployeeare unstableMiddleEast.Shouldpeakoilbe prioritiesforthecommunity. reachedorpoliticalunrestdisruptthe ofoil,companiesandcommunitiesheavily Inseekingtoidentifystrategiesforachieving dependentonoilmayexperienceserious socialequitywithinsustainablebusiness economicdisruptions.Thosethattakesteps developmenttheTaskForcedidnotservicesthatcontributetotherestoration reachconsensusonasinglemosteffectiveandenhancementoftheenvironment approach.SomeTaskForcemembersassertedwhilegeneratingqualityjobsandincomes thataunioncontractofferedworkersandcanmakeanimportantcontributiontothe businessademocraticmeansofensuringsustainabilityofourcommunity. goodwages,andjobsecurity.Other TaskForcemembersbelievedthateachof themanybusinesstypesandsizesinEugene requiredifferentapproachestofamily sustainability.Therefore,otherstrategies Asdemonstratedbyexamplesinthenext includingcooperatives,EmployeeStock section,sustainabilitymeasurescanleadto OwnershipPlans(ESOPS), costsavings.Manysavingsresult organizations,andincreasingrevenuesand fromeliminatingwasteinallofitsforms. throughsustainablebusiness Whenabusinesspurchasesrawmaterials,it operationscouldbestservetomeetemployee ownsthem--theyarecompanyassets.When needs.Despitethesedifferences,theTask theseassetsarediscarded,eitherbyputting Forceagreedunanimouslythatpayingat themintothewastestreamorconverting orabovelivingwagesandprovidinghealth themintopollution(airandwaterpollution careandotherkeyemployeearekey aresimplymolecularizedwaste),companies driversoftheneedtoenhancetheeconomic aretossingoutassetstheypaidforbutareno andsocialhealthofourcommunity.They longergettingvaluefrom.Incontrast,when alsoacknowledgedthatthecostsofour companiesreducewastetheysavemoney, currenthealthcaresystemposeareal extendthelifeofoftencostlyassets,and challengetobusinessesseekingtoprovide demonstrateprudentmanagement. healthinsurancetoemployees. TheEugeneWaterandElectricBoardsold 2,741,522kWofelectricityin2005inthe Researchshowsthattheapplicationof Eugenearea,andthetotalhasincreased sustainabilitymeasuresoftenincreases bymorethan.5%annuallyoverthelast productivityduetoincreasedemployee threeyears.Whentheenergyproduction commitmentthatcomesfromengagementin fromotherlocalutilitiesaswellasnatural exciting,challenginggoalsandfromimproved gas,petroleumanddieselfuelsusedfor workingconditionsforemployees.Employees transportationareadded,itisclearthatthe increasinglywanttoworkforcompanies communitygeneratesaamount thatallowthemtolivetheirsocialand ofgreenhousegasses.Inaddition,in2002, environmentalvalues.Theyalsowanttowork theEugenecommunitygeneratedjustunder wheresafetyisapriorityandwheretheyare 118,000tonsofsolidwasteand330tonsof notexposedtoharmfulenvironmentaleffects. hazardouswasteandwastegenerationrates haveincreased19%intheLaneCounty Wasteshedinthepastdecade.Further,the Mostcompaniesultimatelybasetheir WillametteRiversuffersfrompointand businessstrategyonrevenueandmarket non-pointpollution.Otherlocalecosystems share.Differentiationisthekeytomarket andspeciesarealsoatrisk.Thisinformation shareandmeansthatacompany,product suggeststhatbusinesspractices,productsand orservicestandsoutfromthecompetition.Regulatorybansandrestrictionson Numerouscompanieshavefoundthat salesofharmfulproducts sustainablyproducedgoodsandservicesReducedmarketdemandforcore offerauniquewaytodifferentiateproducts productsorservices becausetheycreateabrandimagethatsticksCoreproductsorservicequality inthemindsofconsumers.Theof beingreducedbyenvironmental thisimprovedbrandimageincludeincreased degradation marketsharebyattractinggreenandsociallyCustomerboycottsorreduced responsibleconsumers;increasedrevenue productacceptance fromhighercustomerloyalty;andincreasedRemediationliabilitiesfor publicitythroughtheabilitytoreceive pollutedlands recognitionandawardsfrompublicagenciesLowerinsuranceunderwritingcosts 6 andorganizations.Impairmentofpropertyvaluesfrom leakingstoragetanksandtoxicholding facilities Damageassessmentsfrommajorspills oraccidents Asthepopulationages,babyboomersnear Employeecivilactionagainstemployers retirement,andcompetitionincreases,the forunsafeworkplaces abilitytoattractandretainhigh-caliber Expensiveregulation-driven employeesbecomesanincreasinglyimportant processchanges issueforbusinesses.Mostexecutivescansee Productredesigntomeetnewindustry directlinksbetweenrevenue, standardsorgovernmentregulations andtheirabilitytoattractandretainkey Wastetreatmentandpollution employees.Thecostofrecruiting,screening, controlexpenses andtrainingnewemployeesishigh.The costsoflosingemployeeswithkeyskillsand institutionalmemorycanbeevenhigher. Becauseanincreasingnumberofpeoplewant toworkforemployersthatprovidespecialIncreasedconcernaboutclimatechange, carefortheenvironment,localcommunity,riskstohumanandecologicalhealthcaused andemployees,companiesthatemploybypollution,andlackofspaceare sustainablepracticesofteniteasiertoleadingtocapsonandrisingcostsforwaste attractandretainhighlyemployeesdisposalandthereleaseofgreenhousegas 7 tothecompany.emissions.Althoughcarbondioxidecapsand restrictionsonproductswithmaterialsharmful tohumanhealthdonotyetexistintheUnited States,theydoexistinEuropeandmany Mostbusinessexecutivesriskasany believetheywillsoonexistintheU.S.aswell potentialthreattomeetingobjectivesand (e.g.inJune2006theCEOsofsomeofthe thateffectiveriskmanagementiscritical nation?slargestutilitiescalledforthefederal tobusinesssuccess.Researchhasfound governmenttoimplementCOemission 2 thatcompaniesthatemploysustainability limits).Anumberofcompaniesareproactively measurescanreducerisksinanumberof positioningthemselvesforaneasytransitionto 8 waysincludingloweredriskof: emissionscapsbyanalyzingtheirgreenhouse gasses,implementingstepstoreducethem, andthensellingtheir?surplus?emission capacityontheChicagoClimateExchangeor othermeansandgeneratinga Thedriverscometolifebyexamining examplesofthecompanieshave TheSBITaskForcebelieveslocalbusinesses foundthroughsustainablepractices,products willbyunderstandingthesedrivers andservices.Additionalexamplescanbe andbycomplementingtheirexistingactivities foundintheappendixofthisreport. orshiftingtheiremphasistosustainability measures. Lamb?sThriftwayinthePortlandareanowsavesover1.3millionkWhof electricityannually, worthabout$65,000peryear,throughacomprehensivepackageofrenovationsmadetotheir facilitythatwasconstructedin1981.Thiswasdoneatthesametimetheywereexpandingtheir spacebyabout80percent.Thecompanyupgradeditsrefrigerationsystems,storelighting, heatingandairconditioningcontrolsystems.Theannualenergysavingsareequaltowhat Lamb?snetincomeincreasewouldbeiftheyboostedtheirgrocerysalesby$8.7millionayear. Thesestepsalsosubstantiallyreducedtheirgreenhousegasemissions. EvaniteFiberCorporation,whichhasthreemanufacturingfacilitiesatitsCorvalliscampus: hardboard(woodinteriorpanels),glassandbatteryseparatormaterial.Facedwithanair compressorsystemthatwasnotperformingwell,Evaniteandrepairedleaksinthe compressorsystem.Thesestepssavedthe$36,000ayearinelectricbills,plusanavoided capitalcostof$27,000toreplacethecompressorsystem. Estimatedresourcesavingsare900,000 kWhinenergyannuallywithassociatedreductionsingreenhousegasemissions.Whenthe companyclosedoneofitsplants,apurchasingagentchosetolist34itemsneedingremovalas ?available?materialsintheIndustrialMaterialsExchange(IMEX).Withintwomonths,Evanite hadfoundusersrangingfromPortlandtoNewJerseyfor12ofthelistings,includingvarioustypes ofplasticsandorganicchemicals.Thecompanysavedatleast$3,500inavoideddisposalcosts. Themarketvalueofmaterialsre-usedwasover$11,500. LegacyHealthSysteminPortlandhasundergoneavarietyofchangestoincreasetheirresource andsavemoney.Inadditiontoalltheactivitiesdescribedbelow,theyrecycle cardboard,paper,glassbottles,metalcans,andseveralresinsofplastics.Legacyhas: > Replaceddisposablefoammattresseswithreusables. ? FinancialSavings:$81,527/year. ? ResourceSavings:16,350poundsofwasteperyear. > Eliminatedrarelyuseditemsfromcustompacksofsurgicalsupplies. ? FinancialSavings:morethan$30,000/year. ? ResourceSavings:11,000pounds/year. > Consolidatedduplicativeadmittingkitsformaternitypatients. ? FinancialSavings:morethan$3,500/year. ? ResourceSavings:2,700pounds/year. > Reducesphotocopyingbykeepingoriginalsinshared ? FinancialSavings:morethan$128,000/year. ? ResourceSavings:2,100pounds/year. CorvallisHardware/TrueValuepurchasesthelargemajorityofitsproductsfromCotter& Company.DeliveriesfromthePortlanddistributioncenterareshippedinreusableplastictotes. Emptytotesfromthepreviousweekarepickedupforreusewhennewmerchandiseisdropped off.Cotter&Companyalsoredesigneditsbillingstatement;invoicesarenowsenteverytwo weeksratherthanweekly. ? FinancialSavings:morethan$20,000/year(Cotter&Company). ? ResourceSavings:22.5tonsofpaper/year(Cotter&Company). > CorvallisHardwareisalsomagneticballastsandT-12lampswith electronicballastsandT-8lampsasoldlampsandballastsburnout.Thiswilleventually reduceelectricitybillsbyabout$1,300/year. TheCollinsCompany,withheadquartersinPortland,savedover$1millionthrougha sustainabilityinitiativeatitsKlamathFallshardboardandplywoodplants. Inadditiontomaking$126,768lastyearfromsellingtheircardboardtoWeyerhaeuserfor recycling,drivenbycustomerdemand,plasticbagsanddelicontainersatMarketofChoiceare th cornorsugarcanebasedandarecompostable.Atthe29andWillamettestore,theycompost foodwasteinanEarthTubcomposterandwillsoonbeinstallinganarrayofsolarpanels. GoldenTemplebuildsmarketshareaswellasattractsandretainsemployeesthroughtheir contributionstothecommunityatlarge.Atleast10%ofthemadefromPeaceCerealgoes topeacefulcausesandthecompanyhasrecentlycreatedanutritiousandattractiveproductthat theydonatetoFoodforLaneCounty,whichdistributesittoschoolchildreninthecounty. GoldenTemplehasreceivedjobapplicationsfromindividualswillingtorelocatetoEugenein ordertoworkfortheirsociallyresponsiblecompanyandfeelsthatcustomersidentifytheirbrand withtheircharitableactivities. McKenzie-WillametteMedicalCenterestimatesthattheyhavesavedbetween$10,000and $50,000overthepastyearsbysellingtheirusedcardboardtoWeyerhaeuser. EuphoriaChocolateCompanysaves$3,000ayearbyreusingtheirshippingboxes20-30times eachandsavesasmuchas$10,000ayearthroughamoreenergyHVACsystemintheir WillametteSt.storeandon-demandwaterheaterintheirprocessingarea. Inadditiontothe500%returnoninvestmentGloryBeeFoodsestimatesitmadeonitsthird- partyorganicfoodprocessingmethodsoverthelast7years,thecompanyreusestotes anddrumsfortheirhoneysandsweeteners,whichtheyselltocommunitymemberswhenno longeratfoodgradequality.TheysellmanyoftheirplasticstoWeyerhaeuserforrecycling.They recentlypurchased100%windpower,usebiodiesel,andpurchasedahybridvehicleforsales calls.Theyexpectthatonlythehybridwillsavethecompanymoneyintheshortrun,butallof theenergyrelatedactionswilldecreasetheircarbonemissions,increaseemployeeand communitybuy-in,andcreateacompetitiveadvantage. SustainableWealthManagementengagesinmultiplesustainablepractices.Becausetheir operationsmainlyinvolvework,themajorityoftheircarbonemissionsderivefrom commutingandwork-relatedtravel.Thebusinesshasthereforeincreaseditsteleconferencing andseekstravelmodesthathavetheleastenvironmentalimpact.Inaddition,ithasdevelopeda carbon-offsetprogramthroughwhichtheymeasuretheiremissionsandmitigatethemthrough thepurchaseofblocksofrenewableenergy,orcarbonoffsets,throughtheBonneville EnvironmentalFoundation.Inordertodiscouragetheuseofsingleoccupancyvehicletravel, thecompanycontributestobicyclemaintenanceforemployeeswhocommutebybikeand providesahybridvehiclepurchasingincentiveprogram.Wheneverpossible,thecompany supportsvendorswhomeetstringentenvironmentalstandardsandattemptstoreducetheir resourceconsumptionviatheuseofrecycledproducts,two-sidedprinting,andelectronic deliveryofdocuments. TheUniversityofOregonhasadoptedapurchasingpolicybasedon?lifecyclecosting.?The resultshavebeenveryimpressive.By2004,FacilitiesServiceshadreducedpackagingby50%or moreoverthelastyears.UOfacilitiesstaffsaidtheprogramhasresultedin,?usingless product,lessproductisbeingwasted,productsarelessharmful,andwenegotiatedalongterm pricebaseduponlongtermusageandfactoringinallthecosts.?Oneexampleisinstitutional paperproducts,inwhichtheirlastcontractactuallysavedtheUO8%incosts,evenwiththe marketbearingpriceincreasesof30%ormore.Theydidthisbybuying100%recycledwhere theycouldinalargerroll,whichcostslessinlabortomaintainandgivesthesupplieralong- termvolumetonegotiatewiththemill.Theyalsohavethesupplierdelivertodifferentpoints aroundcampus,savingtheUOfuelandlaborcosts. SeQuentialBiofuelsexpectstoproduceuptohalfoftheenergyfortheirnewbiofuelsretail stationwitha33.6kilowatt,144panelsolararray.Passivesolarandothergreendesignelements willallowSeQuentialtoavoidusingelectricityorotherfuelstoheatandcooltheconvenience storeforuptoninemonthsoftheyear.Agreenroofandabioswalewillrunofffromupto aone-yearstormevent,reducingthestation?sstormwaterbillsandtheirimpactonthesystem. TheconveniencestorewillselllocalproductsandwasbuiltusingasmuchFSCwood ascouldbepurchased. refertothevalidpercent,orthepercent ofthosewhomansweredthatparticular question,ratherthantothepercentofthe totalnumberofrespondents). Tounderstandthemake-upoflocal companiesthatusesustainabilitymeasures, Totalannualrevenuesofthecompanies aquestionnairewasdistributedtobusinesses wereaminimumof$214.5millionin involvedwiththeSBIaswellastoEWEB?s 2005andrespondentsestimatedthis commercialwindpowercustomers.Eighty- wouldrisetoover$305.7million threecompaniesresponded.Belowisa 10 in2006. summaryofthe(thepercentages Totalannualpayrollin2005wasEighty-onepercentreportedtheyreuse aminimumofover$28.7millionand andrecycle;53%saidtheyhave respondentsestimatedthiswould increasedenergy51%use 11 risetoover$33.1millionin2006. renewableenergy;64%usenatural, Themajorityofrespondents(77%)said non-toxic,easilybiodegradable theywouldincreaseemploymentin materials;and53%saidtheyusenon- 2007-2009and75%believetheir toxic,biodegradablepackagingaswell industrieswillgrowinthenextthree asgreenbuildingpractices. years.Only6%thoughttheywouldAmajorityofrespondentssaidtheir decreaseemploymentin2007-2009. sustainabilitymeasuresgenerated Respondentsemployatleast5000 competitiveadvantages:70%said full-timeandover3500part-time theyhelpedmeetconsumerdemand; employees,whichsuggeststhat 57%increasedsales;35%saidthe companiesthatareengaginginsome measuresledtonewproducts;85% typeofsustainabilitypracticeemploy saidtheyimprovedtheirpublicimage; atleast10%ofthelocalareafull 33%increasedemployeeskills;and timeworkforce. 26%saidthesemeasureshelpedattract Averagewagesare$17.55.Thehigh- toptalent. endaveragewas$28.49andthelow- endwas$10.43.Thisdatasuggeststhatcompaniesusing Over80%ofrespondentspayfor50%sustainablepracticesorproducingsustainable ormoreofhealthcareinsurance,goodsandservicesaremakinga vacation,holidays,andemployeecontributiontothelocaleconomy.They educationandtrainingforfulltimearegrowingandexpecttocontinuetogrow. employees.Fifty-sevenpercentpayAvastmajorityhavefoundoneormore dentalinsuranceand72%paysickdays.formsofcompetitiveadvantagethrough Nearly45%payfamilyhealththeiruseofsustainablemeasures.However, insurance,retirementandfewareemployingacomprehensivesuiteof visioninsurance.practices.Itseemsplausiblethatifadditional Forty-sevenpercentoftherespondentssustainabilitymeasureswereadoptedtheymay payvacationand56%payemployeeadditionaladvantages.Italsosuggests educationandtrainingforpart-timethatotherlocalcompaniesmayfrom employees.Aboutathirdofthelearningaboutandapplyingsustainability respondentspayemployeehealthpracticesorproducingsustainablegoodsand insurance,sickdaysandholidays.services.Finally,thepackagesprovided Fewoftherespondentspaythebymanycompaniessuggestthisisanarea remainingneedingwork. percentsaidtheyhavea formalequalopportunity/non- discriminationpolicy. Over45%ofrespondentshaveformal sustainabilitypolicies;87%saidthey incorporatedsustainabilityintotheir businessplan;however,fewcompanies setgoalsortargets. obtainedfrom theroundtables,communitymeetingsand surveys(summarizedinAppendixD)andthe In2020,theWillametteRiveristhesymbol collectivewisdomofTaskForcemembers oftherenaissanceofEugene,arenaissance ledtheSBItothefollowingvisionand thatstartedwiththeCityCouncil?s recommendationsforretaining,growing, acceptanceoftherecommendationsofthe andcreatingsustainablebusinessesandjobs Mayor?sSustainableBusinessInitiativein inEugene. 2006.ThatpivotaldecisionbytheCouncil propelledEugenebusinessesandcommunity Becauseboththepublicandprivatesectors membersonthepathtoTripleBottomLine mustbeinvolvedtomakeEugeneacenterof sustainability.Whilethecrystallinewatersof excellenceinthetherecommendations theWillamettearetheresultofcooperative areorganizedaroundthoseintendedfor:a) agreementsbetweenallofthelocalities theCityofEugene;b)theprivatesector; borderingtheriver,touristswho?vecometo andc)otherlocalgovernmentsand Eugeneseeitasthecenterpieceofoneofthe educationalinstitutions. mostsustainablemid-sizedcitiesinAmerica. Althoughmanyoftherecommendationscan Spurredonbyconcernsaboutglobalclimate beimplementedontheirown,thethree change,Eugeneadoptedaclimateactionplan (1.publiclycommittosustainablepractices andin2020becamecarbonneutral,withthe andtobusinessesthatproducesustainable community?snetcarbonemissionsreducedto productsandservices;2.establishan zero.Theactionplantriggeredthecreation ofsustainabledevelopment,and;3.establish ofmanytypesofnewlow-carbonbusinessand asustainabilitycommission)areinitiallythe jobopportunities.Businesseshavebecomeso mostimportantbecausetheyprovidethe intheiruseofenergyandgenerating institutionalmechanismsneededtoestablish theirownrenewableenergythatmanyare andsustaintheprocessovertime. netenergyproducersthatsellsurpluspower backtolocalutilitiesforredistributiontoother Thefollowingrecommendationsdonot citizens.Incentivesencouragebusinesses includealloftheideasobtainedfrom andresidentstousemasstransitandother practitionersandresidentsduringroundtables lowcarbon-impactformsoftransportation. andcommunitymeetings.Acompletelist Decisionsbycommunitymembersresult ofthesuggestionsforgrowingsustainable inreducedvehiclemilestraveled,reduced businessesandjobscanbefoundinthe energyconsumption,andreducedrelianceon appendix.Weencouragereaderstoreviewthe fossilfuels. completelistsandactonthosethattheyfeel mightprove Sustainablebusinessclustersarehighly developedandthecenterofoureconomic base.Businessesfromacrossthecountryare eagertobeapartoftherobusteconomy.Thefoods.Studentsarriveatschoolonpublic MetroPartnershipworkstoinclusterstransportationorontheirbikes.Whenthey whenneededandtodevelopretentionandgraduate,studentseasilygoodjobsin supportplanstoexpandestablishedclusters.thecommunity. Throughoutthearea,educatedconsumers looktopurchaseproductsandservicesfromHousing,dominatedbyolderand businessesthatarecommittedtoTriplenewgreenbuildings,isaffordableforthe BottomLinethinking.Employeesandaverageworkerandissurroundedbynatural businessownersareactiveandrespectedlandscapes.Thesustainablelifestyleof partnersinthesuccessoftheirorganizations.Eugeneisaboosttolocalculture,andartists, Themajorityofjobsarefulltimeandpaymusiciansandrestaurantsdrawpeople alivingwageorbetter.Everycompanytoavibrantdowntown.Livinginthevibrant provideshealthinsuranceandhasanactivedowntownurbancoreisamostdesirable healthmaintenanceprogram.Jobsatisfactionhousingchoice,whileneighborhoods surveysshowthatemployeesandemployerscarefullyincorporatewellplannedand inEugeneareunusuallyhappycomparedtoimmenselyattractivedenserandaffordable nationalaverages.Sustainablehealthcareisgreenhousingandmixed-usedevelopment. ofthequalityandaccessibletoeveryone ataffordableprices.TheofSustainabilitymakestheCity ofEugeneoneofthemostsustainablelocal Themanyorganicandsustainablefarmsgovernmentsintheworld.Italsohelps surroundingEugenedoarobustbusinessorganizationsofalltypesreachhighstandards providingfreshseasonalfruits,vegetablesofTripleBottomLineperformance.The andeggs,meatanddairyproductsallyearsustainablepurchasingpolicyadoptedearly longtoresidents.OurtimberindustryisinonhelpedmakeEugenecarbonneutral. resurgencewiththeharvestofsustainablyToday,Citygovernmentmakesallits grownandmanufacturedwoodproducts.decisionsbasedonsustainabilitycriteria. OurgreenbuildingsarethesubjectofThecounty,nearbycities,utilities,business, countlessarticlesintradeandconsumerschools,thestateandtheCityofEugenehave publications.Visitorsfromaroundtheworldforgedstrongconnectionsandcooperative cometoseehowEugenesuccessfullymeldspartnershipsdesignedtoincreasesustainable strongeconomicgrowthwithanabundancepracticesaswellasbusinessesandjobs. ofqualitylivingwagejobsandapristine environment.TheSustainabilityCommission,composedof businessowners,labor,communitymembers, Eugene?seducationalfacilitiesarebothneighborhoodleaders,academicsandothers, modelsofsustainabledevelopmentandsupportsandoverseestheCityofEugene?s cruciblesofsustainabilityeducation.Schools,efforts,workscloselywithalltypesoflocal likealmostallotherorganizationsinEugene,organizationsandresidents,andensuresthat usenaturalnon-toxiccleaningsupplies,Eugeneremainsoneoftheleadingmid-size generatesomeoftheirownenergy,andaresustainablecommunitiesintheU.S. modelsofmaterialreuseand recycling.Schoolcafeteriasservelocally preparedandgrownorganicandnatural Identifyingresourcesaswellas sustainableproductsandservicesfor useinternallyandexternally. Demonstratingleadershipand championingsustainabilitytoCitystaff andthepublic. Governmenteveryaspectof Servingasaninformation-gathering businessandjobdevelopmentthroughits resourcefromthepublictotheCity. bullypulpit,purchasingpower,planning, ProvidingtechnicalassistancetoCity permittinganddevelopmentpolicies, staffandidentifyingwherecommunity incentives,taxpolicies,androlemodeling. membersorbusinessescanobtain Oneofthethemesheardmostfrequently technicalassistance. duringtheSBIwastheneedfortheCityof Providingsustainabilityinformation Eugenetodeclarepubliclyitscommitment andeducationinternallytoCity totheuseofsustainablepracticesand employeesandpartneringwithothers tosupportingbusinessesthatproduce toprovideittothepublic. sustainableproductsandservices.Apublic Coordinatingsustainabilitypolicy declarationwillsendastrongsignaltothe implementationwithinCity privatesectorthatwillhelpspurtheadoption government. ofsustainablepracticesandthegrowthof Identifyingfundingfortheand sustainableindustries.Itwillalsosendaclear the(proposed)Commission/Boardthat messagetoCityemployeesandotherpublic doesnottakefundingawayfrom agenciesthatincorporatingsustainabilityinto otherneeds. planning,policy,permittingandallformsof Aloneandinconcertwithotherprivate decision-makingisapriority.Toreinforceits andpublicorganizations,establishing commitment,werecommendthattheCityof anddeliveringrecognitionandawardsto Eugenesupportthedeclarationwithconcrete organizationsthatexcelinsustainability. actionontherecommendationsthatfollow. the(proposed)Sustainability Commission(seebelow) AnisneededtohighlighttheCity government?scommitmenttosustainability Werecommendthatapermanent andtochampionandcoordinateinternal SustainabilityCommissionorBoardbe Citysustainabilityactivities.This establishedtohelpexpandsustainabilityover wouldsupporttheworkoftheexistingGreen timeinternallywithinCitygovernmentand Team,serveasacentralclearinghouseof externallywithinthecommunity. sustainabilityinformation,stafftheproposed sustainabilityboard/commission,andserve asanCitylinkonsustainabilitytothe Becomposedofadiversegroupof public.Werecommendthatthisreport 10-12peoplerepresentingtheprivate totheCityManager. sector,educationalinstitutions,hospitals,tofollow.ItwillalsocomplementGovernor neighborhoodgroups,socialserviceKulongoski?srecentdirectiveforallstate providers,publicinterestgroups,civicagenciestoswitchto100%renewableenergy leaders,academicinstitutions,andby2010. elected Researchandofferpolicyproposalsto addresssustainabilityissuesbothwithin thecommunityatlargeandwithin theCitygovernment. WerecommendthattheCityofEugene Developandsupportsustainability continuetobuildonitsoutstanding research,educationalandtechnical effortsandadoptaformalpolicyofusing assistancepartnershipsandconsortiums. sustainablepracticesandpurchasinglocally Continuallygatherandquantifydataon producedandsoldsustainableproductsand theandcostsofsustainability technologiesthroughoutallCityoperations foundbylocalorganizationsandsharethis wheneverpossible.TheCityofEugene withthepublic. spent$17,364,737onpurchasinginFY Serveasthecitizenbodythatprovides 06ofwhich55%wasspentintheEugene- oversightofCitygovernment?s areaand75%wasspentin sustainabilityefforts. Oregon.ThissuggeststheCityisalready doingagoodjobofbuyinglocal.Including sustainabilitycriteriaaspartofitspurchasing policieswouldenhanceCitygovernment operationsandhelpbuildthelocalmarket WerecommendthattheCityofEugeneforsustainableproductsandservices.The adoptthegoalofbecomingcarbonneutraltypeofpractices,productsandservicesshould (whichmeansnetgreenhousegasemissionsinclude,butnotbelimitedto,thosedescribed arereducedtozero)inallCityownedonpages17-19ofthisreport. facilitiesandoperationsby2020.Toachieve thisgoal,werecommendthattheCity implementaninternalCitygovernment climateactionplan.Theplanshouldbe phasedincarefully.Itshouldinclude improvementtargets,withthebeingto Followingfromrecommendationnumber reduceemissionsto7percentbelow1990 werecommendthattheCityadopt (or1992)levelsby2010(earlierifpossible). sustainabilitycriteriatobeusedasascreen Theplanshouldincludeacombination fordecisionmakinginallaspectsofCity ofincreasedenergyrenewable operations,planningandpolicy.Thesecriteria energy,carbonoffsets,andothercarbon shouldinitiallybeimplementedintwoways: reductionstrategies.Itshouldberegularly a)Staffshouldanalyzeproposedpoliciesor measuredandimproved.Aclimateaction actionsforcitycouncilfromtheperspective planwillreducetheCitygovernmentandthe ofhowtheymayimpactsustainablebusiness community?sgreenhousegasemissions,help andjobs,theenvironment,andhumanrights drivethemarketforlow-carbonproductsand andsocialequity.Upfrontanalysisofthe services,andprovidearolemodelforothers implicationsofaproposedpolicyoractionTheCitygovernmentbarriersto ontheTripleBottomLinewillallowfor sustainablepurchasingaswellasdevelops moreinformeddecisionmakingbycouncil andimplementsstrategiestoovercome members;andb)Asustainablepurchasing thosebarriers.Thesestrategiescould policybasedonlifecyclecostingshouldalso includeactionssuchaslobbyingforpolicy beadopted.TheUniversityofOregon?sand changesatthestateandfederallevels. CityofSanFrancisco?sLifeCycleCosting purchasingprogramsdescribedinthe appendixcanserveasamodel.Theadoption ofasustainablepurchasingpolicywillhelp AlthoughEugeneCitygovernmentdoesnot buildthemarketforsustainablegoods controlthecountywastemanagementsystem, andservices.OncetheCityhasdeveloped itcancontroltheamountofwasteproduced expertisewiththeTripleBottom byitsowninternaloperationsandfacilities. Linepolicyassessmentandpurchasing Aswithpurchasingpolicies,theelimination policies,sustainabilitycriteriashouldbe ofwastecanreducecitygovernment?s appliedtoallotherareasofCityoperations. environmentalimpacts,reducecosts,help drivethemarketforreuseableandrecyclable productsandservices,spurjobscreation,and Citygovernmentappointa provideamodelforotherstofollow.TheTask committeetoserveasaresearchgroupto ForcethereforerecommendsthatEugene developandrecommendamethodology Citygovernmentadoptagoalofachieving andcriteriaforassessingthepotential zerowasteto(andincinerators) implicationsofproposedCitypolicies fromcityoperationsandfacilitiesby2020 andactionsonsustainablebusinessesand andimplementaplantoachievethatgoal. jobs,theenvironment,andhumanrights TheTaskForcealsorecommendsthat andsocialequity. Citygovernmenttakeanactiveroleinthe Citygovernmentappointa developmentofametro-areawidezerowaste committeetoserveasaresearchgroup plan,asdiscussedinSectionDbelow. todevelopandrecommendsustainable purchasingcriteriatotheCityCouncil. Oncecompleted,theCitygovernment implementssuchapolicyrequiringall purchases,servicesandcontractstomeetCityofEugeneemployeesandthepublic thosestandardsandprovideinformationinwillwanttoknowhowCitygovernment?s allbidstohelpapplicantsdeterminewhatsustainabilityeffortsareproceeding.We willbenecessarytomeetthestandards.thereforerecommendthatCitygovernment TheCitygovernmentencouragesalllocaladoptindicatorsandasystemtocontinually businessestoparticipateinthebiddingmeasureprogresstowardsustainability. process.ForanybusinessthatseekstoTheindicatorsshouldassessinternalCity improvetheirproductsorservicestobettergovernmentoperationsaswellascommunity- meetthepurchasingcriteria,theCitywideprogressinmakingEugeneoneof initiatestechnicaloutreachtoassistthethenation?smostsustainablemid-size companyingatheringinformationandtocommunitiesby2020. adoptmoresustainablebusinesspractices. mostsustainablemid-sizecommunitiesinthe nation,aconcertedeffortmustbemadeto Citygovernmentestablishnumericannual educateandenhancetheprofessionalskills goalsandtargets(e.g.reducecarbon andunderstandingofCityemployees. emissionsby5%annually,increase sustainabilitypracticesby10%annually), evaluateprogressinmeetingthosegoals AllCityofEugeneemployeesbeprovided onanannualbasis,celebratessuccessin witheducationandtrainingopportunities, meetingthosetargets,andredoubleefforts includingseminars,workshops,andon- inareasthathavefallenshort. lineordistancelearning,toenhancetheir Indicatorsbedevelopedinareassuchas sustainabilityunderstandingandskills. airquality,carbonandmethaneemissions, TheCityofEugeneenhancesprofessional wastereduction,reuseandrecycling, educationofcitycodeinspectorsinthe energyuseofrenewableenergy, areaofrenewableenergysystems. householdincome,percentofpeople TheCityofEugeneenhancesthe livingatorbelowthepovertylevel, knowledgeofregulators,building percentageofpeoplewithadequatehealth inspectorsandotherstaffongreen careandotherissuesthatcanmeasurethe buildingprinciplesandpractices. TripleBottomLineofthecommunity. Citygovernmentdevelopsatemplate linkedtothecommunity-wideindicators tobedistributedtolocalorganizationsfor useinevaluatingtheirprogresstoward Incentives,recognitionandrewardsare sustainabilitygoals.TheCitymayaskthat neededtoencouragetheadoptionanduseof companiesanonymouslysubmitthe sustainablemeasuresandtomaketheupfront completedassessmenttohelptheCity costsaffordable.Barriersmustalso measureprogresswithinthecommunity. beremoved. Citygovernmentconsidersadoptingan indicatorthatmeasuresthenumberof businessesthatuseandsubmitthe TheCityofEugeneprovideincentives evaluationtemplate. forsustainablebusinessessuchaspublic Aprimarypurposeoftheself-evaluation recognitionprograms,fasttrackingof templateistohelpindividualbusinesses permittingoratwo-tracksystem,reduced identifypracticesandpoliciesthatmay systemsdevelopmentcharges,andothers. improvetheirandproductivity. Existingincentivesshouldbepostedatan Tothatend,werecommendthatCity easilyaccessiblelocationforthepublic. governmentcollaboratewithotherlocal Newincentivesshouldalsobeconsidered. providerstooffereducation,trainingand Specialemphasisshouldbegivento technicalassistancetoallthosewho waystoassistlow-incomeandspecial desireit. needspopulationstopurchaseanduse sustainablegoodsandservicessuchas renewableenergy,biofuels,green Tosuccessfullyimplementtherecommen- building,reusedandrecycledmaterials, dationsaboveandmakeEugeneoneofthe andothers. TheCityofEugeneexamineexisting initiatingapartnershipwithEWEB, sustainablebusinessratingsystems,suchas EPUDandotherlocalutilities,the Oakland?sGreenMapprogram,Shorebank UniversityofOregon,LaneCommunity system,theLEEDprogramand College,LaneWorkforcePartnership, others,andestablishapointsystemsuitable LaneCountyCentralLaborCouncil toEugenethatrecognizesbusinessesthat andotherstojointlyexecuteastrategy usesustainabilitymeasures.Organizations tocoordinateandexpandtechnical usingalargerarrayofmeasurescouldbe assistancetoalllocalbusinessesand providedadditionalincentivesandgreater workersinterestedinsustainable publicrecognition.Theproposedof businesspractices. Sustainabilityand/orSustainabilityBoard/ TheCityofEugeneactivelyrecruits Commissioncouldchoosethecriteriafor andsupportstheeffortsofpeopleinthe theratingsystem. communitywhocanserveaschampions Muchasitisdoingingreenbuilding, ofsustainablebusinesspracticesand theCityofEugenemakesanexpliciteffort productswithintheirindustry,professional toidentifyandremoveregulatorybarriers groups,civicgroups,orneighborhoods. thatinhibitthegrowthofsustainability InconcertwithEWEBandotherlocal sectors,suchassubsidiesthatencourage utilities,businesses,andorganizations, unsustainabledevelopmentincludingthe theCityofEugenetakesaleadershiprole excessiveuseoffossilfuels;permitand indevelopingametro-areagoalof planningobstacles;andotherconstraints. becomingcarbonneutralby2020and implementingametro-areaclimateaction plantoachievethatend.Werecommend thatthisplanbelinkedwiththeCity Citygovernmentmustplayakeyroleinthe government?sinternalclimateactionplan. growthofsustainabilitypractices,products, TheCityofEugenetakesaleadershiprole andservices.However,manyofthegoals informingapartnershipwithLane canonlybeachievedthroughestablishing County,theEugeneChamberof newpartnershipsorbysupportingexisting Commerce,privatecompanies,and partnerships.Thecreationofmanyofthe localeducationalinstitutionstoeducate partnershipswillrequirethattheCityof thepublicaboutthevalueofsustainable Eugenebethemover. practices,productsandservicesand exemplarysustainabilitybusinesses throughsustainabilityawards,media campaigns,events,workshopsandclasses, TheCityofEugeneinitiatesandsupports asustainableEugenelogo,andothersteps. apartnershipwithitsand TheCityofEugenepartnerswiththe LaneCounty(SEL)partnerstoestablish EugeneChamberofCommerce,Lane asustainabilityresolutionthatwill MetroPartnership,locallending committhemtopursuesustainablegoals institutionsandotherstoestablisha andpracticeswithintheirinstitutions sustainablebusinessincubator(s)for usingTripleBottomLinestandardsand theorganicandnaturalfoodtrade, methods.Thisprocessisunderwayandwe naturalproducts,andothersustainable recommendthattheCityfullysupportit. businessclusters. TheCityofEugenetakestheleadin TheCityofEugeneactivelysupportsthe ofEugeneandotherstoimplementstrategies effortsoftheNorthwestEnergyEducation tohelpallinterestedlocallearn InstituteatLaneCommunityCollegeto aboutthebusinessofsustainability establishandmaintainawebsitethat andthepracticesthatproducethem.We willserveasaclearinghouseof recommendthatcompaniesnotcurrently sustainabilityinformationforthe usingsustainabilitymeasuresbeencouraged entirecommunity. toadoptthemandthosealreadyemploying TheCityofEugeneconvenesapartnership themeasuresbeencouragedtoadoptamore withlocalfarmersandagricultural comprehensivesuite. organizationssuchastheOregonState UniversityExtensionServicetoidentifyand implementmechanismstoexpand productionoflocalorganicfoodandraw WerecommendthattheLaneMetro materialforfoodprocessingenterprises. Partnership,EugeneChamberofCommerce, Whenappropriate,theCityofEugene aswellasagenciessuchastheLane convenescapitalimprovementpartnerships WorkforcePartnership,OregonDepartment forlargeprojectssuchasnewhospitalsor ofCommunityandEconomicDevelopment, sportsarenas,withthegoalofmakingthose CityofEugene,LaneEconomicCommittee, projectsmoresustainablefromthe LaneCountyStandingEconomicCommittee, inception.GroupssuchastheEcological andothereconomicdevelopmentagencies DesignCenterattheUO,thelocalchapter formapartnershipwiththegoalofgrowing oftheCascadiaGreenBuildingCouncil, thesustainabilityclustersbytheSBI andotherscouldbeaskedtoparticipatein andothersthatmayemergeinthefuture.This suchpartnership focusshouldaddtoandcomplementongoing economicdevelopmentactivities. Aspartofthisfocus,wesuggestthatthe TheTaskForceoffersthefollowingsuggestions agenciesproactivelyseekoutandhelp totheCEOsandboardofdirectorsofprivate organizeandsupportthegrowthofentire companiesandorganizations. sectorsratherthanjustindividualthat mayrequestassistance.Inaddition,when possible,werecommendthattheentities describedaboveseekto: Identifyactionstoretainandgrow SBIresearchfoundthatlocalcompanies theclustersbyidentifyingcommon havefoundnumerouscompetitiveadvantages problemsandhelpingtheindustry throughtheuseofsustainabilitymeasures.In developsolutionsthateveryone. addition,wefoundthatfewlocalcompanies Aspecialemphasiscouldbeplacedon useacomprehensivesuiteofpractices.We improvingfundamentalbusinessskillsand recommendthattheEugeneChamberof encouragingbusinesseswithineach Commerce,localtradeassociations,and clustertocommunicateamongthemselves otherorganizationsthatsupportbusiness andwithotherindustryclusters. developmentconsiderjoiningwiththeCity Activelyinvolvekeyorganizationsthat orarebyeachofthe sectorsintheactivitiesofthesustainability Althoughbusinessesoftenviewlocalin clusters(e.g.engageLaneCountyHome thesamesectorssolelyascompetitors,ample BuildersAssociationwiththegreen researchshowsthatwheninthesame buildingcluster). orsimilarindustryregularlymeetandwork Assisteachclustertodevelopvalue-chain- togethertoidentifyandresolvecommon widesource-basedsolutionstoproblems problems,theentireindustryWe andopportunities. thereforestronglyencourageeachofthe sustainableindustryclustersthatwerethe focusoftheSBI(andothers)toestablishlocal networkingmechanismsororganizations tofacilitateongoingcommunicationand problemsolving.Theorganicandnatural Werecommendthatthepartnership foodsindustryhasalreadytakenthisstep, describedabove,andespeciallytheagencies havingrecentlyformedtheWillamette directlyinvolvedwithbusinessrecruitment, ValleySustainableFoodsAllianceand makeanexplicitcommitmenttoactively localmembersoftheconstructiontrade recruitbusinessesthatareengagedinTriple areconsideringformingalocalchapter BottomLinebusinessactivitiesandcan oftheUSGreenBuildingCouncil.Local gapsinexistingsustainableindustryclusters. renewableenergycompaniesarediscussing similarefforts.Weapplaudtheseeffortsand encourageothersectorstodothesame. Gapsinlocalsustainabilityindustry clustersandmajorbarrierstoindustry successshouldbeWe recommendthattheprioritybeto Localandnationalconsumersarejust assistexistingbusinessestoexpandorspin- beginningtounderstandtheneedforand offnewcompaniestoexistinggapsand ofsustainableproductsandservices. niches(e.g.distributionchannelsforsmall Agooddealofpubliceducationisneededto naturalfoodproviders).Wesuggestthat helpgrowtheindustry.Numerousstudieshave thesecondprioritybetorecruitbusinesses documentedtheeconomicvaluecommunities fromoutsidethecommunitythatcan generatebypurchasinggoodsandservices gapsthatlocalcannotserve. fromlocalcompanies.Werecommendthatthe Werecommendthatincentivesto EugeneChamberofCommerce,inconcert supporttheclustersbesuchas withotherlocaltradeassociations,private thepossibilityoffast-trackingpermits, companies,andeconomicdevelopment fundingandtaxincentives, agencies,considerinstitutingamajorlong- andothers. termpubliceducationandmarketing TheSBIsupportstheinventoryofthe campaigntoincreaseconsumerunderstanding supplyofexistingandpotentialindustrial aboutthevalueofpurchasinglocallyproduced andcommerciallandsinordertomeetthe andsoldsustainablegoodsandservices. needsofsustainablebusinesses. underscorethebusinessandcommunity ofaddressingkeysocialequityneeds suchasprovidingemployeeswithquality SBIresearchfoundthatmanylocal livingwagejobs, companiesusingsustainabilitypracticeshave workschedules,andopportunitiesforcareer limitedknowledgeabouttheloans,grants, advancement.MostEugenecompanies taxcreditsandotherinstruments strivetomeettheseneedsandmanydoan availabletothem,themhardtoaccess, excellentjob.However,theunemployment ordonotqualifyforthetypesofcapital andpart-timeemploymentratesinEugene, currentlyavailable.Wealsofoundthat aswellasthenumberofpeoplelivingator theunderstandingamonglocal belowthepovertylineandwithouthealth institutionsislowabouthowsustainability careandothersuggeststhatmore practicescanreducerisksandincreasethe canbedone.Werecommendtheformation viabilityofacompany.Wetherefore ofataskforceamonglocalcompanies, recommendthatprivateand businessassociations,workers banks,investmentandventurecapital andtheirrepresentatives,educational considerjoiningwiththeEugeneChamber institutions,andtheCityofEugeneand ofCommerceandlocalandstatefunding otherlocalgovernments,includingthosethat agenciesinacoordinatedeffortto: workwithlowincomefamilies,toidentify waystostrengthenandupgradewages, Increasetheirknowledgeofthebusiness andotherprioritysocialequity valueofsustainabilityprinciples needs.Thetaskforceshouldalsoconsider andpractices. anoutreachprogramaimedatdiscussing Determinehoweachinstitution withlocalexecutivesthevalueofenhancing canfromandserveasarolemodel socialequitytotheirbottom-lineandtothe byapplyingsustainabilitypracticestotheir community?swellbeing. owninternaloperations. Developsustainabilityeducationand trainingprogramsforpotentialcustomers. Establishasustainability processlinkingbusinesseducationwith loanandgrantapproval,includinga TheSBITaskForceoffersthefollowing possibleclimatechangeriskreductionplan. recommendationstotheboardsof Identifygapsinlocaloptionsfor directorsandchiefexecutivesofthe sustainablebusinessesanddevelop organizationsnamed. instrumentstomeetthoseneeds, includingapossiblelocalgreen?CD? toofferaninvestmentoptionforcitizens interestedinsupportinglocalsustainable businesses.WeencourageLaneCommunityCollege tocontinueitsefforts,withstrongsupport fromtheCityofEugene,toenhanceefforts bythe4JandBethelschooldistricts,early childhoodeducation,preschoolprograms, Numerousstudiesandpracticalexperience theUniversityofOregon,EWEB,Lane County,theLaneCountyCentralLaborUniversityofOregon,LaneCommunity Council,andothereducationalinstitutionsCollege,4JandBethelschooldistricts,the toexpandsustainabilityincurriculum,CityofEugeneandotherlocalandstate teachertraining,administrationandfacilitypublicagenciesaswellaslargeenergyusers operations.WealsoencouragetheUniversityintheprivateandsectorsinthe ofOregonandotherlocalprivateandpublicdevelopmentofaclimateactionplanfor highereducationinstitutionstocontinuetothemetroarea.Thelong-termgoalshould integratesustainabilityintotheircurriculumbetomakethemetro-areacarbonneutral andfacilitiesmanagementaswellasintotheby2020(netcarbonemissionsreduced curriculumofteachertrainingprogramssotozero).Thenear-termgoalmaybeto thatareateachersobtainthehighest-levelreducethearea?sgreenhousegasemissions educationandtrainingpossible.to7percentbelow1990levelsby2010. Weencouragethisconsortiumtoinvite otherpublicagencieswithinthegreater metropolitanareatoconsiderparticipating intheprocess.Wesuggesttheplanbe carefullyphasedinbyinitiallyfocusingon, forexample,energy,transportation,andwaste Aspreviouslydiscussed,weencourage managementimprovements,the LaneCommunityCollegeSmallBusiness useofexistingrenewableenergytechnologies, DevelopmentCenter,theLaneWorkforce thepurchaseofcarbonoffsets,andother Partnership,UniversityofOregon,Eugene carbonreductionpracticesandtechnologies. ChamberofCommerce,EWEB,EPUD, Afterpossiblegreenhousegasreductions andotherlocalserviceproviderstojoinwith fromtheseactionsareachieved,additional theCityofEugenetoformaconsortiumto stepscanbeconsideredincludingtheuseof develop,upgradeandenhancesustainability newtechnologiesandotherstrategies.We education,trainingandtechnicalassistance encouragetheconsortiumtocontinually programsforlocalbusinesses.Thismay evaluateandimprovetheplanovertime.A includeestablishingasustainablebusiness climateactionplanwillreducetheregion?s ?trainthetrainer?programandother overallgreenhousegasemissions,helpdrive educationandtrainingmechanisms. themarketforlow-carbonproductsand services,andprovideamodelthatothers canfollow. WeaskEWEB,EPUD,NWNaturalGas, UtilityBoard,LaneElectric Coop,Blachly-LaneElectricCoop,and EWEB,EPUD,andotherlocalutilities otherlocalutilitiesandfuelproducersand considerthepossibilityofcreatinga providerstojoinwithLaneTransitDistrict, CommunitySolarPowerSystemaswellasandotherchargesondiversionandproblem aSolarUtilityusingtheconceptswastes,andlookforwaystoretainhigh developedbymembersofthelocalsolarvaluerecyclableswithinlocalmarketsin andrenewableenergyindustry.thecommunitywiththelongtermgoalof EWEB,EPUD,NWNaturalGasandachievingzerowaste. otherlocalutilitiesbegintodocumentthe carbondioxideemissionsgeneratedby eachcustomer?senergyuseontheir monthlybills. EWEB,EPUD,NWNaturalGasother localutilitiesandtheCityofEugene shouldconsiderestablishingalocalCO2 offsetprogramwherebyareabusinesses andhouseholdscouldvoluntarilypayaset amountintoacommonfundforevery poundofcarbondioxidetheygenerate, withtherevenuegeneratedbythefund reinvestedinlocalrenewableenergyand CO2reductionprojects. TheLaneCountyWasteshedhasoneof thehighestrecyclingratesinthenation. However,wastegenerationrateshave increased19%overthelastdecade.Pursing agoalofzerowasteto(and incinerators)by2020canreducetheregion?s environmentalimpacts,savemoney,help drivethemarketforreuseableandrecyclable productsandservices,spurjobcreation,and provideamodelforotherstofollow.TheTask ForcerecommendsthattheCityofEugene formataskforcetoworkcooperativelywith LaneCountyandotherlocalgovernments, private,academicinstitutionsand otherstoidentifymechanismstomaximize recovery,examinetheeffectofdisposalfees ,alongwithmanylocalbusinesses,andother organizationshavealreadydemonstratedtheircommitmenttoasustainablefuture.TheSBI recommendationsseektobuildonthatworkbyestablishingthebuildingblocksformaking Eugeneoneofthenation?smostsustainablemid-sizecommunitiesby2020. TherecommendationsofferedbytheSBITaskForceprovideastartingpoint--butonly theinitialsteps--forthetransitiontosustainability.Additionalstepswillbeneeded,suchas resolvingissuessuchaslanduse,theavailabilityofindustriallands,sustainabletransportation systems,affordablehousingfortimehomeownersandothers,andtheprotectionofnearby agriculturallandsthatcouldproviderawmaterialsforlocalbusinesses. Thetransitiontosustainabilitywilltakededicationandhardwork.Inorderforourcommunity toachievetheSBIvision,Citygovernmentandotherlocalorganizationswillneedtomakea long-termcommitmentthatincludesfundingandstaff.TheSBITaskForceasksthat theEugeneCityCouncilaswellaslocalbusinessandcivicleadersacttocapitalizeonthelong historyofoutstandinglocalactivityinsustainabilityandcarryouttherecommendationsoffered inthisreport. Acarbonneutralbuilding,business,organizationorcommunityemitszeronet emissionsofcarbon(carbondioxide)intotheatmosphere.Becomingcarbonneutralinvolvesasuiteof strategiesincludingincreasingenergyandconservation,theuseofrenewableenergy,andfor thecarbondioxidethatcannotbeeliminated,purchasing?carbonoffsets?suchasgreentagsthatpayan organizationtoplanttreesortakeotherstepstosequestertheamountofcarbonyouhaveproduced. Theseareatmosphericgassesthatcontributetothegreenhouseeffect. Thesegasesincludecarbondioxide,methane,ozoneandnitrousoxide.Watervaporisalsoa contributortowarming,butincreasedwatervaporresultsfromwarmertemperatures.Greenhousegasses naturallyoccurintheatmosphere.WithoutthemtheEarthwouldbetoocoldformostformsoflife. However,scientistshavethatoverthepast150yearsorsohumanshaveemittedexcessive amountsofGHGfromburningfossilfuels,deforestation,livestockfarmingandotherpracticesthathave accumulatedintheatmosphere.Theexcessgassesformwhatcanbethoughtofasahugeblanketthat preventssolarradiationfrombouncingbackintospace,thustrappingheatneartheEarth?ssurface. Energygainedfromsourcesthataremoreorlessinexhaustibleandarereadily replenishedwithoutenvironmentalharm,suchassunlight,wind,water,geothermalenergy andbiomass.Althoughhydropowerisrenewable,large-scaleprojectsareoftennotgroupedwith otherrenewableenergiesbecauseoftheenvironmentaldamagebylargedams.Biomassand geothermalenergycanalsoproduceenvironmentalharmifnotdesignedandmanagedcarefully. Thisbroadtermdescribesaprocesstoconsiderbothinitialandfuturecostsand ofinvestments.Thecostsofmaintenance,use,anddisposalareconsideredinlifecyclecosting. Forexample,lifecyclecostingmayrevealthatwhileenergywindowsmaycostmoreinitially,in thelongtermtheenergysavingsmorethanmakeupfortheoriginaloutlayofcapital. Althoughthereisnosingleoftheterm,theU.N.WorldCommissionon EnvironmentandDevelopmentcoinedtheterm?sustainabledevelopment?intheir1988report,?Our CommonFuture?: ?Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.? Thetermcanalternativelybeconceptualizedasabalancebetweenenvironmental,socialandeconomic priorities,alsoknownasthetriplebottomline.SeeSectionII.A.oftheSBIFinalReportformoredetails onthetermsustainability. Measurestosimultaneouslyachieveeconomic,socialandenvironmental wellbeing. 1 ThisnumberincludestheTaskForce;TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee;approximately8to15peoplewhoparticipated ineachroundtable;another5to15peoplewhoobservedeachroundtable;20-30localpeopleandoutsideexperts contactedforbackgroundinformation;297respondentstothepublicsurvey;83respondentstothebusiness questionnaire;approximately80openhouseattendees;membersoftheChamberofCommerce,Rotary,andothers thattheTaskForcemetwith;andapproximately8UniversityofOregonstudentsandfacultyandsupportingthe initiative.Weassumesomeoverlap,sotheestimatedtotalislessthanthesumofthoselistedabove. 2 Thisnumberincludesatleast95hoursthatthe380peoplespentonsurveys(at15minutespersurvey);60hoursfrom avoluntarymarketingteam;525-700hoursthattheco-chairsestimatedtheyhadspentasofMay;150hoursspentby theTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee;atleast80hoursfromcommunitymembersattheopenhouses;andatleast575 hoursthatTaskForcemembersestimatedtheyhadspentasofMay.Thesenumbersareconservativeestimatesanditis likelythatbytheendoftheprocess,theactualnumberofin-kindhoursspentontheSBIwillbemuchhigher. 3 SeeUniversityofOregonClimateLeadershipInitiativeReport,Spring2005athttp://climlead.uoregon.edu 4 Porter,M.,TheFreePress,NewYork,1990 The Competitive Advantage of Nations 5 Althoughafewskepticshaveraiseddoubtsaboutwarming,onMay3,2006,thefederalClimateChangeScience Program,establishedbytheBushAdministrationin2002toaddress?unresolvedquestions,?issueditslongawaitedreport thatthattheEarthiswarmingandthatthereis?clearevidenceofhumanontheclimatesystem.? Thus,thedebateabouttheactualityofwarmingandthehumancontributiontoitappearstobeover. 6 Willard,B.,Chapter6,NewSocietyPress,2002 The Sustainability Advantage 7 Willard,B.,Chapter3,NewSocietyPress,200 The Sustainability Advantage 8 Willard,B.,NewSocietyPress,2002 The Sustainability Advantage 9 FromDoppelt,B. Leading Change toward Sustainability: a Change Management Guide for Business, Government, ,GreenleafPublishing,UnitedKingdom,2003. and Civil Society 10 Thisisaminimumthatdoesnotincludetherevenueofafewlargeorganizationsthatwouldhaveskewed thetotals. 11 Thisisaminimumthatdoesnotincludethepayrollofafewlargeorganizationsthatwouldhaveskewed thetotals. TechnicalAdvisoryCommitteeMembers A.5 SBIStaff B.6 ListofMeetingDatesandLocations C.6 SBIFindings:SummaryofIssues/SectorsandActionsSuggestedby D. theCommunityforGrowingLocalSustainableBusinessesandJobs 8 AssistAllLocalBusinessesInterestedinSustainability 1.8 SBIInitialTargetSectors 2.9 KeySupportSectors 3.23 SummaryofCommentsfromCommunityGroupsandPublic E.25 SummaryofPublicSurvey F.27 PrinciplesandProcesses(Detail) G.30 CaseExamplesofBusinessesApplyingSustainabilityin H. theNorthwest 32 ExamplesofMunicipalofSustainabilityor I. SustainableDevelopment 45 ExamplesofState,LocalandSustainableBusinessPrograms J.47 OverviewofMunicipalGovernmentInternalSustainabilityPolicies K.52 MarketImpactsofPortlandandKingCountySustainabilityEfforts L.56 ExamplesofPurchasingPoliciesandLifeCycleCosting M.57 ClimateChangeStrategiesandPolicies N.59 CitiesAcrossAmericatakeHistoricStepinAddressing GlobalWarming 60 WhatistheU.S.Mayors?ClimateProtectionAgreement? 63 SummaryofSBIIndicatorWork O.67 AmeArden,LunarLogic,KnowledgeMetrics BernJohnson,E-Law BettySnowden,BettySnowdenRealEstate BrianMcCarthy,Cameron/McCarthyLandscaping CaryThompson,Helios CharlesBiggs,NeighborhoodLeadersCouncil ChuckForster,LaneWorkforcePartnership DaveHauser,EugeneChamberofCommerce DavidLively,OrganicallyGrownCompany DavidParker,AdvancedEnergySystems DougMcClaughry,SheetMetalWorkersLocal#16 EbenFodor,Fodor&Associates,CommunityPlanningConsulting GavinMcComas,SundanceNaturalFoods GeorgeRussell,Eugene4JSchoolDistrict HankHoell,LibertyBank HarryBattson,LaneCountyFoodCoalition IanHill,SequentialBiofuels JamesBean,UOLundquistSchoolofBusiness JanFillinger,SolarcArchitectureandEngineering JanSpencer,CPA JaneHolloway,LaneCountyFair JessicaChanay,FoodforLaneCounty JillHoggardGreen,PeaceHealth JimLindley,LCCSmallBusinessDevelopmentCenter JimMaloney,EugeneWater&ElectricBoard KarynKaplan,UOEnvironmentalResourceandRecyclingManager KateDavidson,DavidsonStrategies KathyGing,Realtor KevinJones,FullCircleCommunityFarm KevinMathews,FriendsofEugene LaurieMcClain,SociallyResponsiveFinancialAdvisors LouChristian,Lane/Coos/Curry/DouglasBuildingTrades MaeveSowles,LaneCountyAudubonSociety MarieMatsen,LaneCommunityCollege MelBankoff,ISEE MelPyne,PeaceHealthOregon MitchHagstrom,ContinentalBank PaulThompson,ActiveinNeighborhoodAssociations RandyHledik,Wildish RickWright,PCMarketofChoice RoyOrr,McKenzie-WillametteMedicalCenter RudyBerg,Eco-BuildingGuild SarahBennett,BennettManagementCompany,LLC StefanoViggianno,LTD StephanOstrach,TeamstersUnionLocal206 StevenMusser,EnergyServicesCompany SueGorham,CVALCO TimKeeley,BethelSchoolDistrict TomBowerman,DowntoEarth BobDoppelt,Coordinator,SBI;Director,UOResourceInnovations SarahMazze,GraduateTeachingFellow,UO RayNeff,Intern,UO MelissaCohen,Intern,UO MelissaMaki,Intern,UO CoelynBarry,Intern,UO ShanaSweitzer,Intern,UO DanielHenderson,Intern,UO September27,2005, Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary September29,2005-TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee, ConferenceRoom,FireStation1,13thAve.&WillametteSt. October25,2005, Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary November15,2005,JointMeetingwiththeEugeneChamberofCommerce 7:30-9:30am,ValleyRiverInn December15,TaskForce/MeetingwithInstituteforSustainableEthicsand Economics,EWEBTrainingRoom,NorthBuildingatEWEB January24,2006 HilyardCommunityCenter,2580HilyardSt. February9,2006,MeetingwithNeighborhoodLeadershipCouncil SloatRoom,AtriumBuilding/1stFloor,99West10thAvenue February28,2006 HilyardCommunityCenter,2580HilyardSt. April4,2006 Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary April20,2006,PlanningRetreat,8am-5pm, RexiusCompany,1275BaileyHillRoad,Eugene April25,2006,PlanningRetreat2,1pm-5pm, Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary May23,2006,1pm-4pm, Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary June27,2006 Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary July11,2006-SBITaskForceandTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee Bascom-TykesonRoom,EugenePublicLibrary Tuesday,December13,2005 7-9pm,EugeneCityCouncilChamber,777PearlSt. Monday,February6,2006 7-9pm,KalapuyaHighSchool,1200TerrySt.,Bethel October4:GreenBuilding, EugenePublicLibrary,Bascom/TykesonRooms October6:EducationandTechnicalAssistanceforBusinesses EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom,13thAve.&WillametteSt. October13:Reuse/Recycling EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom October18:Financing/FundingSustainableBusiness EugenePublicLibrary,Bascom/TykesonRooms October20:Biofuels EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom October27:RenewableEnergy EugenePublicLibrary,Bascom/TykesonRooms November1:NaturalandOrganicFoods EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom November3:PublicEducation EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom November8:Healthcare EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom November17:NaturalProductsIndustries EugeneDowntownFireStation,ConferenceRoom January26:SustainableWoodProducts Location:McNuttRoom,EugeneCityHall February23:BicycleIndustry Location:DowntownFireStation,13thandWillamette November29:Reuse/Recycling EugenePublicLibrary,Bascom/TykesonRooms December1:RenewableEnergy Location:McNuttRoom,EugeneCityHall December5:GreenBuilding Location:McNuttRoom,EugeneCityHall December13:PublicEducationandSustainability Location:LaneCommunityCollege,Boardroom-Building3-Room216 February27:SustainableForestProducts Location:DowntownFireStation,13thandWillamette ThissectiondescribesthesectorsandissuesfocusedonbytheSBIaswellastheirpotential TripleBottomLineItalsoincludesavisionofwhatcouldbeachievedinthefutureas wellasactionitemssuggestedbythecommunitytohelpachievethevision. OneofthegoalsoftheSBIistoidentifymechanismstohelpanybusinessinanyindustry understand,apply,andfromsustainablepractices.Asdemonstratedbytheexamples intheprevioussections,ampleevidencesuggeststhatanybusinesscanfromtheuse ofsustainablepracticesandmanycanbyproducingsustainablydesignedgoodsand servicesthemselvesorbybecomingsuppliers,distributors,orretailoutletsforthosethatdo. Consequently,oneoftheroundtablestheSBIheldwasonsustainabilityeducation,training, andtechnicalassistanceforlocalbusinesses. Sustainablepracticesandproductsareanewconceptformanyandtheapplicationof sustainabilityprinciplesoftenrequiresnewwaysofthinking,newdesigns,andnewpractices. Education,training,andtechnicalassistancearethereforevitaltohelplocalbusinesses understandandimplementsustainabilitymeasures. Theneedforsustainabilityeducation,training,andtechnicalassistanceinEugeneisgreat. Currently,onlyafeweducationalinstitutions,consultingandpublicagencies providesustainabilityeducation,trainingortechnicalassistance.However,theydonotofferthe numberandtypeofofferingsatthescaleneededbylocalbusinesses. AccordingtotheEugeneChamberofCommerce,theEugeneareahasover10,000businesses. Itappearsthatonlyasmallnumberoftheseusesustainablepractices.Areabusinesses consumeabout1,675,203,861kWhofenergyannuallyandin2002sent25,330tonsofwasteto 1 theIn2000,theUSCensusBureaureportedthatnearly75,000oftheresidentsover age16wereinthelocallaborforce.Approximately15%ofthepopulationlivedatorbelowthe 2 povertylineinEugeneandin2003andunemploymentinMarch2006wasat6.2% Thus,thepotentialemployment,social,andenvironmentalofengagingmanyorall localbusinessesinsustainabilityis Bytheyear2020,sustainabilityhasbecomeanacceptedcommunityvalue.Thereiscommon agreementontheofTripleBottomLinesustainability.Almostallbusinessesemploy sustainabilitypracticesandthoseusingthemareprosperingandgeneratingadiversearrayof livingwagejobswithgoodLocalbusinessesunderstandtheadvantagesofsustainable practicesandcontinuallyproduce,sell,andpurchasesustainableproductsandservices. EmployersandemployeeschampionsustainableTripleBottomLinethinking.Localconsumers maketheirpurchasingdecisionswithsustainabilityasaprimarycriterion. AneducationandtrainingconsortiumshouldbeestablishedbetweentheCityofEugene, LaneCommunityCollege,UniversityofOregon,LaneWorkforcePartnership,Eugene ChamberofCommerce,EWEB,EPUDandotherrelevantorganizationstoensurethata widerangeofsustainabilityeducation,trainingandtechnicalassistanceprogramsareoffered tolocalbusinesses. Theconsortiumshouldconsiderdevelopingasustainability?trainthetrainer?program similartothemodelusedbytheEugeneMasterRecyclersProgram. LocalbusinessesshouldbeinformedofthesustainabilitywebsitethattheNorthwest EnergyEducationInstituteatLaneCommunityCollegeisdevelopingonsustainable businesspracticesandproductsincludingeducation,training,andtechnicalassistance programs,loansandgrants,andotherinformationbusinessesneed. TheCityofEugeneorotherentitiesshouldreinforcethemessageofsustainabilityinthe mediathroughvehiclessuchasmonthlyarticlesin?BreakingNews?andencouragelocal publicaccessTVandlocalprintmediatohighlightsustainablebusinessdevelopments. Informationaboutsustainablepracticesandproductsshouldbeconsistentlydistributed throughtheNeighborhoodAssociationnewsletter. TheCityofEugeneshouldestablishanannualsustainabilityawardsprogramto acknowledgeandhighlightthesuccessesofareabusinesses,aloneorinconcertwith otherorganizations. TheCityofEugene,inpartnershipwiththeLaneMicroEnterpriseCenter,localhousing providers,andothersshoulddevelopandcoordinateeducationandtrainingprograms forlow-incomeentrepreneurs,smallbusinesses,andthoseinthestart-upphaseofbusiness development. Inadditiontoseekingwaystoengageanywillingbusiness,theSBIheldroundtablesonten industries.TheTaskForcechosethesesectorsbecausetheyappeartoholdgreatpromise forjobexpansionwhilealsoproducingsocialandeconomicTheSBIacknowledges thatmanyothersectorscouldhavebeenchosen.Forexample,althoughitwastoolateto holdaroundtable,representativesfromthelocalsoftwareindustrymetwiththeMayorto discusshowtheirsectorcouldbeexpanded.Inaddition,becausealocalgroupwasalready discussingsustainableevents,theSBIdidnotholdaroundtable.However,thisgroupsubmitted recommendationstotheSBIonhowtogrowthesustainableeventssector,whichareincluded here. TheGreenBuildingindustryisgrowingrapidlyandholdspotentialtostrengthen andexpandthelocalarchitecture,design,construction,buildingmaterials,landscaping,and reuseandrecyclingindustrieswhilegeneratingqualityjobsandreducinggreenhousegases andotherenvironmentalimpacts.Greenbuildingcanbeas,?Awhole-buildingand systemsapproachtodesignandconstructionthatemploysbuildingtechniquesthatminimize environmentalimpactsandreducetheenergyconsumptionofbuildingswhilecontributingto 3 thehealthandproductivityofitsoccupants.? IntheU.S.,buildingscontributeto30%ofgreenhousegasemissions,wasteoutput,andraw materialuse;70%ofallelectricityuseand12%ofallpotablewateruse.Greenbuilding practicesaddresstheseissuesthroughpracticessuchas:energyandwaterdesigns andtechnologies;useofnon-toxicmaterials(paints,glues,solvents);naturallandscaping;use ofrenewableenergy(passivesolar,solarhotwater,solarphotovoltaics);reduceduseofvirgin rawmaterials,carefulmaterialselection,useofthird-partysustainablewoodproducts; reductionsinstormwaterrunoffthroughonsitedesignandstorage;andrecyclingandreuseof constructionmaterials. Researchshowsthatonaverage,buildinggreenresultsinlifecyclesavingsof20%ofconstruction costsforanadditionalupfrontdesigncostof2%.Inaddition,greenbuildingsimprove productivity.Forexample,onestudyfoundthatsalesinstoreswithskylightswere upto40%higherthaninsimilarstoreswithoutskylights.AnotherstudydonebyCarnegie MellonUniversityfoundthatincreasedcontroloverlightingledtoanaverageof7.1% higherproductivity. TheUnitedStatedGreenBuildingCouncilLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign (LEED)ratingsystemestablishedstandardsforgreenbuildingsthathavehelpeddrivethe sector?sexpansion.In2005,greenbuildingmadeup$7.4billionoftheconstructionmarket, 4 havinggrown37%sincetheyearbefore.Thosearepredictedtoriseto$19-$38billion and5%-10%ofresidentialconstructionactivityby2010.Thenumberofpeopleengagedin 5 greenbuildinggrewby20%in2005andisexpectedtoincreasebyanother30%in2006. OurresearchfoundthegreenbuildingindustryinEugeneissmallbutgrowing.Itincludes architectural/engineering/consultingcontractorsanddevelopers,construction anddemolitioncompanies,avarietyoftradessuchaselectriciansandplumbers, productmanufacturers(e.g.windows),theirsuppliers(primarilywoodproducts),retail outlets,governmentregulators,andconsumers.Inaddition,privateandrecycling organizationsandsomemanufacturingcompaniescollectconstructionandproductionwaste andsellittootherbusinesses. By2020,GreenBuildingistheexpectedmethodofconstructionforcommercial,residential andindustrialbuilding.ConsumersexpectbuildingsinEugenetobeenergy,water,material andresourceandwilluseafullortruecostmethodologytoassessbuildingvalue. Deconstructionandreuseareprevalentandnewbuildingscontributetotherestorationof oursocialandenvironmentalfabric.Alocalbusinessnetworkassociatedwithgreenbuilding andencouragespartnershipswithintheindustryandthe(proposed)of SustainableDevelopment. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittosupportingtheexpansionofthelocalgreen buildingindustry. TheCityofEugeneshouldrequirethatallnewcitybuildingsandcityremodelingprojects meetgreenbuildingstandards. TheCityofEugeneshouldrequirethatallpubliclyconstructionandremodeling projectsusegreenbuildingstandards. TheCityofEugeneshouldestablishagreenbuildingaward.Theawardshouldconsider thebusinesspracticesofthebuilders,contractors,andothersinvolvedintheproject. Itcouldbecomepartofthe(proposed)Mayor?sannualSustainabilityAwardsand/orother awardsprograms. TheCityofEugeneshouldsupportongoingeffortstocreatealocalgreenbuildingnetwork orCascadiachapteroftheUSGBC. TheCityofEugeneshouldconsideradditionalincentivestoencouragegreenbuildingsuch asthoseproposedbytheCity?sGreenBuildingAdvisoryGroup. TheCityofEugeneshouldsupporttheCity?sGreenBuildingAdvisoryGroup recommendationsonregulatorychangestosupportgreenbuilding. TheCityofEugeneshouldprioritizetheofappropriateincentivesandin otherwayssupporttheuseofgreenbuildinginaffordablehousingprojects. TheCityofEugeneshouldcontinueitseffortstodevelop,support,andimplement acomprehensivegreenbuildingeducationprogramforthelocaldesign,buildingand constructiontrades. TheCityshouldconsideradoptingtheLaneCountyLaborCouncil?sBuildOregon Responsibly(BOR)recommendations. Thesustainableforestproductsindustryappliessustainablepracticesthroughouttheentire woodproductsvaluechain:fromupstreamforestmanagementandharvestingtomid-stream millingandprocessingtodownstreamvalue-addedusesandtoretailsales.Valuechainwide sustainabilitypracticesincreasetheenvironmentalhealthandresiliencyofforestswhilecreating jobsandproducingproductsthatthelocaleconomy. Wecouldnotobtaininformationongrowthtrendsinthesector.However,itislikelythatthe growthofthisindustryiscloselytiedwiththegrowthofthegreenbuildingsectorbecausethe U.S.GreenBuildingCouncilrecognizeswoodonlythroughanindependent(third party)suchastheForestStewardshipCouncil(FSC)initsLEEDratingprogram. Thelocalindustryincludessmallwoodlotownersandlargecorporationsthatownormanage timberlandstosawmills,plywood,laminatedbeam,anddimensionlumbermanufacturers, distributorsandretailersofthird-partywood,andcompaniesthatusethirdparty woodincabinetry,furniture,andTwodominantprocesses includetheForestStewardshipCouncil(FSC),whichrequiresindependentthird partyandtheindustrybasedSustainableForestryInitiative(SFI),whichisaself- certifyingprocess. By2020,theuseofsustainableforestproductsbecomesacommonpracticeinbothpublicand privateconstruction,remodeling,cabinetry,andotherwoodusesinEugene.Asthat demandiscreated,localsupplymeetslocaldemand.Afterlocaldemandismet,Eugenebased producersanddistributorsbecomenationalandworldwideleadersinsustainableforestproduct productionandsales. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittosupportingandexpandingthelocal sustainableforestproductsindustry. TheCityofEugeneshouldhelpdriveearlydemandbypurchasinglocallyproduced sustainableforestproductsforitsownusesandrequiringorprovidingincentivesfortheuse ofsustainableforestproductsinpubliclyfundedbuildings. TheCityofEugeneshouldcommittogreenbuilding,whichencouragestheuseof woodproducts. TheCityofEugeneshouldcollaboratewithotherorganizationstorecruitbusinessesthat cannichesinthelocalsustainableforestproductvaluechain. TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwithotherorganizationstoestablishaconsumerand professionaleducationprogramonforestproducts. Publicbuildingdevelopmentwhenapplicabletowooduse,shallbedirectedat wood. Asenergypricesrise,energyandtheuseofrenewableenergyarebecoming increasinglyattractivetocommercialandresidentialconsumers.Inaddition,increased anddramaticallyexpandeduseofrenewableenergyarevitaltoreducinggreenhouse gasemissionsandresolvingglobalwarming. Energycanbeaspracticesandtechnologiesthatreducetheamountofenergy consumedwhilemaintainingthesamelevelofcomfortandoutput.canincludesolar hotwater,passivesolardesign,highwindows,doorsandinsulation,high motorsandHVACsystems,andothertechnologies.Renewableenergycanbeasenergy derivedfromsourcesotherthanfossilfuelsthatcanbecontinuallyproducedwithoutdrawing downorimpactingkeynaturalresourcesorpeople.Renewableenergyincludeswind,solar electricproduction,waveenergy,tidalenergy,small-scalehydro,biomass,andgeothermal. Expandingtheuseofenergyandrenewableenergyisnotonlygoodforthe environmentandforenergybutalsohasapositiveeffectonemployment. Studieshaveshownthatacrossabroadrangeofscenarios,therenewableenergysectorgenerates 6 morejobsthanthefossilfuel-basedenergysectorperunitofenergydelivered.According 7 toareportbytheEnergyFutureCoalition,?analystshaveestimatedthatincreasingenergy andrenewableenergyuseinallsectorsoftheU.S.economycouldleadtoanet 8 increaseofabout770,000jobs(equivalenttoa0.44%riseinemployment)by2010.Studies doneattheregionallevel,bothinenergy-producingandenergy-importingstates, 9 thatimprovingtheofelectricityuseleadstoanetincreaseinjobs.?AUniversity ofMassachusettsstudyreportsthattheenergyindustryincludes8,000jobsintheir 10 state. Eugenehasanumberofresourcesthatsupporttheuseanddevelopmentofenergy andrenewableenergysuchaswindandsolarpower.EWEBsellswindpowerandprovides supportandresourcessuchasincentives,zerointerestloans,publiceducationandfreetechnical supportforbusinessesandindividualsinterestedininvestinginandrenewables.The EnergyManagementProgramatLaneCommunityCollegeoffersprofessionaltraininginsolar technologyinstallationanddesignforpassivesolar.TheUniversityofOregonhasanumberof researchinitiativesonsolartechnology,passivesolar,andenergydesign.Anumberof newbuildingsintheareahaveeitherpassiveoractivesolartechnologyincorporatedintotheir design.Therearealsoanumberoflocalcontractorswhoprovideconsultingandinstallation servicesforrenewableenergy,includingsolarPV,groundsourceheatandothers. Ourresearchfoundgreatpotentialforincreasedenergyanduseandproductionof renewableenergyinEugene.Forexample,solarwaterheatingsystemsareinstalledononly 1.5%oftheresidencesinEugene,eventhoughthesystemsworkverywellinlocalconditions andnormallypayforthemselvesrapidly. ResearchconductedinSpring2006bySBIstudentinternRayNeffindicatespositiveprospects fortheuseofsolarpowerdeployedacrosspublicandcommercialbuildings.Commercialand publicbuildingsareideallysuitedforsolarphotovoltaic(PV)installationbecausetheyoften havelargeexpansesofopenspace,areoftenhavefewornoshadingobstructionsandsolar PVcanbeinstalledaroundexistingheating,ventilationandcoolinginfrastructure.Forpurposes ofthisstudy510suitablebuildingswereinEugene,usingaerialphotographsand GeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)software.Thepotentialelectricaloutputofsucha distributedgenerationsystemwasbasedononeofeighttestarraysmountedonBalzhiser& HubbardEngineering(theformerEugenePublicLibrary)andmonitoredthroughout2005to determineelectricalgenerationcapacity. Findingsindicatethatwecouldgenerate68.8MWofelectricityannuallywithsuchadistributed generationarray.CurrentinstallationcostsforsolarPVrangesbetween$6,000and$8,000per kW.Afteravailabletaxcreditsandotherincentives,installationofthisarraywouldbebetween $130and$175million.Researchalsoindicatesthatforeverymegawattofpowerproducedwith renewablesolarPV,8jobsarecreatedinthelocaleconomyinsystemdesign,installationand maintenance.Forthisparticulararray,thatwouldtranslatetoapproximately550full-timejobs. TheEnergyManagementProgramatLaneCommunityCollegewouldbeideallysuitedto trainthenecessaryprofessionalswhosesalariescouldrangebetween$25,000-$30,000annually accordingtotheLCCwebsite.Further,accordingtoanemissionsreductioncalculatoratthe 11 LeonardoAcademy,thissizearraycouldsave51,000tonsofCO2annually. TheEugeneWater&ElectricBoard(EWEB)currentlypays150subscriberstothePVEugene 12 Program$.25/kWhfor10yearsforelectricitygeneratedfromsolarPV.Thiselectricityisnot usedon-siteandfeedsdirectlyintothelocalpowergrid.Toachieveasimilardesiredpayback periodof10yearsonthisdistributedgenerationarray,thecostofelectricitywouldbebetween $.17and$.23perkWhbasedontherespectiveinstallationcostsmentionedabove.Witha 20-yearpaybackperiod,electricitycouldcostaslowas$.09and$.11/kWhrespectivelyfor suchanarray. By2020,energysolarenergyandrelatedrenewabletechnologiesareintegratedintoall residentialandcommercialconstructionprojects(includinglow-incomehousing).TheEugene areahasavibrant,productive,diverseandandrenewablesindustry.The industryprovidesqualityjobswithqualitywagesandEugenebasedmanufacturersare nationalandworldwideleadersinenergyandrenewableenergytechnologies. Tohelpdrivethemarketforenergyandrenewabletechnologies,andtoreduce greenhousegasses,theCityofEugeneshouldadoptanexplicitgoalofbecomingcarbon neutral(netgreenhousegasemissionsarereducedtozero)inallcityownedfacilitiesby2020. Toachievethisgoal,theCityshoulddevelopaninternalCitygovernmentclimateaction plan.Theplanshouldincludeannualgoalsandbenchmarksandmayinclude amixtureofenergyrenewableenergy,carbonoffsets,andothercarbon reductionstrategies. InconcertwithEWEBandotherlocalutilities,businesses,andorganizations,theCity ofEugeneshouldtakealeadershiproleindevelopingacommunity-widegoalofbecoming carbonneutralby2020.Toachievethisgoal,Citygovernmentanditspartnersshould developacommunity-levelclimateactionplan.Thisplanshouldbelinkedwiththecity?s internalplan. Tomeetthegoalsoftheclimateactionplans,theCityofEugeneshouldpubliclydeclarethat supportingandgrowinglocalenergyandrenewableenergyindustriesisapriority. The(proposed)CityofEugene?sofSustainableDevelopmentshouldcapitalizeon anarrayofpartnershipstoeducatelocalcitizensontheeconomic,social,andenvironmental ofenergyandrenewablessuchaswindandsolarenergy. TheCityofEugeneshouldsetannualenergygoalsandimplementplans toachievethem. TheCityofEugeneshoulduserenewableenergyinCityownedbuildingswheneverpossible. TheCityofEugeneshouldenhanceprofessionaleducationofcitycodeinspectorsinthearea ofrenewableenergysystems. TheCityofEugeneshouldreviewandamendbuildingcoderequirementstoincorporate solarplumbingandwiringasstandardcodewhereappropriate. TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwithappropriateagenciestoestablishlowinterestloans andothersupportstoencouragetheuseofrenewableenergysystemsinlow-incomehousing projects. TheCityofEugeneshouldworkwithLaneMetroPartnershipandothereconomic developmentagenciestoexploretherecruitmentofrenewableenergysystemcomponent manufacturerstoEugene. TheCityofEugeneshouldreconsidersolaraccessissuesandcodesaspartofthegreen buildingcodereview. TheCityofEugeneshouldencourageorworkwiththefederalgovernmentorthestateto increaseincentivesforsolarcomponentsonexistingbuildings. EWEB,EPUD,andotherlocalutilitiesshouldconsiderthepossibilityofcreatingasolar utilityusingtheconceptsdevelopedbymembersofthelocalsolarindustry. EWEB,EPUDandotherlocalutilitiesshoulddocumentthecarbondioxideemissions generatedbyeachcustomerthroughtheirenergyuseontheirmonthlybills. EWEB,EPUD,otherlocalutilitiesandtheCityofEugeneshouldconsiderestablishinga localCO2offsetprogramwherebyareabusinessesandhouseholdscouldvoluntarilypaya setamountintoacommonfundforeverypoundofcarbondioxidetheygenerate,with therevenuegeneratedbythefundreinvestedinlocalrenewableenergyandCO2 reductionprojects. Representativesofthelocalandrenewablesindustryshouldformapermanent organizationornetworkingmechanismtodiscusscommonproblems,shareideas,and waystoaddressissuesthataffecttheentiresector. Risinggasprices,concernsaboutenergyindependenceandthecontributionofCO2emissions fromfossilfuelstoglobalwarming,andnewfederalregulationsmandatingultralowsulfurdiesel (ULSD)thatbecomeactiveinSeptember2006aredrivingrapidgrowthofthebiofuelsindustry throughouttheU.S.andtheNorthwest. Biofuelsarealternativesoradditivestofossilbasedfuelsmadefromorganicmaterials.Themost widelyusedbiofuelsarebiodieselandethanol,withmoreactivitytakingplacelocallyaround biodiesel.Dueinparttocost,limitedsupply,lackofaccess,andsomelimitationsinolder vehicles,mostbiofuelsaresoldblendedwithpetroleum-basedfuels.TheU.S.Departmentof Energyreportsthatbiodieselcontributesalmost80%lesslifecyclecarbondioxidethanregular diesel.Biofuelsalsoreducehumanhealthproblemsresultingfromtailpipeemissions.Theyare arenewableresource,canbeproduceddomestically,andarebiodegradableandnon-toxic.In addition,biofuelsprovidesocial-economictofarmersbecausetheycanbeusedincrop rotationsandoffermarketopportunitiesforoilseedcropssuchascanolaorrapeseed.Nearby ruralcommunitiescanfromthesaleofwoodybiomass,otherwiseconsideredwaste,for productionofethanol.Biodieselcrushingandplantsalsoofferruraljobopportunities. InMarch2005,thedemandforethanolblendedfuelsinOregon,WashingtonandCalifornia reachedthreebilliongallons,whiletheproductioncapacityforethanolwasonlyat9.7million 13 gallons.Itislikelythatincreasedpublicityforandaccesstobiofuelswillcontinuetopush demandhigher.IftheWestCoastbeginsusingB-2,the500milliongallonsofhighwaydiesel consumedannuallybyOregonandthebilliongallonsconsumedinCaliforniaand 14 Washingtonannuallywouldresultinademandfor110milliongallonsofbiodieselayear. However,despitetheincreasinglocaldemand,nolarge-scaleplantshavebeenconstructedsofar (althoughsomeareonthedrawingboard).Currently,Midwesternplantsarethevoidin supply,butOregonstandsagoodchanceofleadingtheWestCoastinthisarenawithto varioussectorsoftheeconomy,theenvironment,andsociety. Thelocalbiofuelssectoriscomprisedofdistribution,marketing,retail,andindividualand users.Thisindustryhowever,includesfeedstockproduction,crushingandprocessing, distribution,marketingandwholesale/retailsalesofboththefuelsandthebyproducts. By2020,theEugeneareahasavibrant,productiveandindustryinthegrowing, anddistributionofbiofuels.Thebiofuelsindustryprovidesqualityjobswithquality wagesandBiofuelsarewidelyavailableandlocallyfeedstocksaregrown orrecoveredfromlocalwastestreamsandarelessexpensivethanpetroleum.Supplymeets demand.Dieselvehiclesarehighquality,widelyavailableandrelativelyinexpensive. Manufacturers?warrantiesonvehiclesdonotdiscriminateagainstbiofuels. TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwithotherlocalgovernmentstoencourageandsupport theconstructionoflocalbiofuels TheCityofEugeneshouldconsiderreducingoreliminatingthefueltaxonbiofuelsasa waytostimulatedemand. TheCityofEugeneshouldencourageandsupportrestaurants,hospitalsandotheroilusers incapturingtheirwasteoilandsendingittoalocalbiofuels TheCityofEugeneshouldworkinpartnershipwiththeStateofOregonandOregon?s congressionaldelegationtolobbytheautomobileindustrytoexpandvehiclewarrantiesto covertheuseofbiofuels. TheCityofEugeneshouldworkinpartnershipwiththestateandfederalgovernmentto expandlocalproductionofoilseedcropsforfeedstockcultivationandrecovery. TheCityshouldworkinpartnershipwithlocal,stateandfederalgovernmentstosupport theconstructionandcollectionofmaterialsforalocalethanolproductionfacility. Agrowingindustryinthelocalareaisthenaturalproductssector.Broadly,?naturalproducts? refertobodycareproducts,supplementsandremediesthataremadefromorganicornatural (non-synthetic,plant,animalorinorganicmineral)ingredientsusingnon-syntheticprocessing 15 methods.Thissectorincludesproductssuchasherbaltinctures,essentialoils,bulkherbs, lotions,soapsandspicesaswellasotherproducts. Businessesinthelocalnaturalproductssectorhaveexperiencedsteadygrowthatreported ratesof5-100%annually,dependingonthecompany.Thenaturalpersonalcareproducts sector,whichdoesnotincludevitaminsandsupplementsbutdoesencompassskincreams andcosmetics,wasa$4.4billiondollarindustryin2004,upfrom$3.8billiondollarsin2001. Themarketgrewby51.9%from1999to2004.Atthesametime,themainstreamcosmeticand 16 personalcaresectorexperiencedslowgrowth. Thegrowthofthenaturalproductsindustryappearstobedrivenbyrisingcostsofhealthcare coupledwiththepublic?sdisenchantmentwithtraditionalmedicine.Consumerperceptions oftheofalternativemedicinesalsoaddfueltothemarket.Somepeoplealsobelieve thattheuseoforganicfeedstocksbynaturalproductcompaniesmayhelpexpandtheorganics industry.Mostlocalreportfewdirectcompetitorsbecausetheynichesin themarketplace. InEugene,thenaturalproductsectorconsistsofprocessors,retailers,distributors,educatorson thecollectionanduseofherbs,aswellasnaturopathsprescribingherbalmedicines.Justoutside Eugene,herbfarmers,additionaleducators,andlargerdistributorswithinternationalmarkets canbefound.Manyoftheprocessorsanddistributorshaveanationalmarketthattheyaccess throughinternetandphonesales.Theindustryasawholeincludesmarketingandresearch organizationsaswellasinsuranceagenciesthatcovernaturopathicmedicine. By2020,theEugeneareahasavibrant,productiveandindustryingrowing, producinganddistributingnaturalproducts.Theindustryprovidesqualityjobswithquality wagesandNaturalproductsarewidelyavailableandcommonlypurchasedandused bylocalconsumers,thusenhancingpublichealth.Localfarmersproducemuchoftheraw materialsneededandtheindustryusessustainablepracticesinallaspectsofoperations. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittosupportingthenaturalproductsindustry. TheCityofEugeneshouldreduceimpedimentsandconsiderincentivesforexpanding thenaturalproductsindustrysuchasstreamlining/fasttrackingthepermittingprocessusing TripleBottomLinecriteriaandconsideringtheneedsofsmallwhenwritingcodes (e.g.limitationondrivewaysthatlimittheabilitytogettrucksinandoutofasite). TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwithmembersofthelocalnaturalproductsindustry andotherlocaleconomicdevelopmentagenciestoinstituteaconsumereducation campaignfocusedonexpandingconsumerawarenessandincreasingdemandfor theproducts. Thelocalnaturalproductsindustryshouldconsiderestablishinganetworkingmechanism orassociationwherelocalpractitionersmeetregularly,enhancebasicbusinessskillswithin theindustry,sharecommonconcernsanddevelopcommonsolutions(suchasidentifying waystopoolhealthcarecosts,reducetransportation,andgeneratemorelocallyproduced feedstock). LaneCommunityCollegeandotherbusinessdevelopmentandtrainingorganizations shouldconsidereducationandtrainingprogramstargetedtothenatural productsindustrytoincreasebasicbusinessskills. Asmorecompaniesandcommunitiesadoptambitiouswastereductiongoalsandastheneed toreducegreenhousegasemissionssuchasmethanegrow,thereuseandrecyclingindustries increaseinimportance.Theseindustriesholdjobpotential. Researchshowsthateachstepintherecyclingprocessmeansmorejobs,morebusiness expendituresonsuppliesandservices,andmoremoneycirculatinginthelocaleconomy throughspendingandtaxpayments.Researchershavefoundthatforeveryjobcreatedat andincinerators,296jobsarecreatedonaverageincomputerreuseandrecycling,85 jobsarecreatedintextilereclamation,62jobsarecreatedinmiscellaneousdurablesreuse,and 17 26jobsarecreatedinrecycledglassproductmanufacturing.InCalifornia,meetingthestate?s 50%recyclinggoalisexpectedtocreateabout45,000recyclingjobs,over20,000ofwhichwill 18 likelybeinthewellpayingmanufacturingsector. Theenvironmentalofrecyclingarealsoclear?lesstoxicmaterialgoingto suchasdiscardedelectronicequipment,lessbulkdiminishingspace,lessuse ofrawmaterialslikeglass,metalsandwoodproducts,reductionoftoxicmaterialsendingup inandfewervirginrawmaterialsconsumed.Thesocialarealsoimportant asreducedwastereducespublichealthrisksassociatedwithairandwateremissionssuch asleachatethatseepsthroughthesoilfromintolocalbodiesofwatersuchasthe WillametteRiver. Thelocalsectorsarecomprisedofawidevarietyofpublic,privateandorganizations inthethriftstoretrade,contractorsthatcapturereusablegoodspriortodisposalatthecounty?s largestaswellasconstruction,deconstruction,agricultural,landscapingandhousehold productreuseandrecyclingorganizations. By2020,theEugeneareahasastrongandcomprehensiveindustryinreuseandrecycling.The industryprovidesqualityjobswithqualitywagesandTheCityofEugenehasachieved zerowasteto(andincinerators). TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittoa?zerowaste?goalintheirpurchasing policyandmanagementactivities. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclydeclareitssupportforsupportingandgrowingthereuse andrecyclingsectors. TheCityofEugeneshouldexaminecontractswithhaulersandincreasethediversionof wastecurrentlynotcollectedsuchasfoodwasteandcookingoil. TheCityofEugeneshouldrequirehaulerslicensedbytheCitytoinformcustomers (especiallycommercial)ofrecyclingoptionsandtoprovideongoingwaste reductioneducation. TheCityofEugeneshouldprovideincentivesandmanageconstructionanddeconstruction wasteby:a)improvingtheremodelinganddemolitionpermitprocess,b)providing informationonrecyclinganddeconstructiontolocalbusinessesandconsumers,c) providingfeereductionsforthoserecyclingconstructionmaterials,d)institutingrapid permittingforthoserecyclingconstructionmaterials,e)requiringprojectsoveracertain dollaramounttoadoptawastemanagementplan. AllCityofEugenefacilitiesandeventsshouldalwayshavevisiblerecyclingeverywhere. TheCityofEugeneshouldconsiderfundingorcontractingabusinesswastereduction specialist,paidforbygarbagehaulers?licensefeesand/orratemanipulation. TheCityofEugeneshouldconsiderratemanipulationasamethodtoincentivize commercialrecycling. Asthepopulationexpands,babyboomersage,andpeoplelivelonger,thehealthcareindustry growsinimportanceanditseconomicimpactincreases. Sustainablehealthcareinvolvesthedevelopmentandimplementationofsustainabledesign, constructionandoperationspractices.Theindustryincludesdentistry,chiropractic,cardiacor otherspecializeddisciplinesorgeneralphysiology.Itiscomprisedofindividualpractitionersand physiciangroups,regionalhospitals,clinics,specialtyservicesanddoctorThehealthcare industryaddressesallstagesoflifeincludingbirth,familyplanning,familymedicine,emergency services,preventativecare,therapyfortraumarecoveryandseniorliving.Facilitiescoverabroad rangeincludingout-patientclinics,acutecarecenters,long-termcare,andresidentialorin- homecareforseniors. Thelocalindustrydrawsontheregionalpopulationforbothconsumersandemployees.Itisalso growing.AccordingtotheOregonEmploymentDepartment,theLaneCountyHealthServices sectorcontinuedtogrowthroughouttherecessionofthelate1990s,adding270jobsthrough 2001. Issuessuchas24/7operations,energyandwateruseintensity,chemicaluse,infectioncontrol requirementsandformidableregulatoryrequirementscanposeobstaclestothe 19 implementationofsustainabilityprotocols.Furthermore,sustainablepracticeswithinthe healthcareindustrymustbecustomizedtothefundamentalmissionofeachorganization andfacilityandtoacknowledgetheintrinsicrelationshipbetweenthebuiltenvironmentand 20 ecologicalhealth.Achievingsustainabledesignthereforerequirestheintegration ofenvironmentalandhealthprincipleswithsustainabilitypracticesrelatedtotheplanning, design,construction,operationsandmaintenanceofhealthcarefacilities. Therearemanychangestakingplaceinthelocalhealthcareindustrywithconstructionofat leastone,ifnottwo,newhospitals.Thesechangescreateadominoeffectthatforceschangeon manyotherpartsoftheindustry.Forexample,ashospitalsshiftlocations,supportprofessionals arerelocatingtheirfacilities.Thiscreateschallengesforthesesupportnetworks,butmayalso provideuniqueopportunitiesformanynewfacilitiestoincorporatesustainabilitypractices andinnovationsinbuildingdesignandconstruction,diagnostic,surgicaloradministrative equipment,andphysicalplantmaintenanceandoperations. By2020,localmedicalfacilitiesareoperatedwithTripleBottomLineprinciplesandpractices. Theyareeasilyaccessiblebypublictransportationandallmedicalwasteisrecycledorreused. Allhealthcarefacilitiesprovideorganicandnaturalfood.Educationandtrainingprogramsare inplaceinthemajorityofmedicalfacilitiesandassistedlivingcenterstohelpentry-levelcare providersmoveuptheladderofeducation,responsibilityandpayscale. Allareahospitals,assistedlivingcenters,andallothermedicalfacilitiesshouldforma consortiumtolearnabout,shareideas,andsupporttheadoptionofTriple-Bottom Linepractices. Areahospitals,assistedlivingcenters,andmedicalfacilitiesshouldcompletewasteauditsas astepinidentifyingthetypeandquantityofwastestheygenerate. Areahospitals,assistedlivingcenters,andmedicalfacilitiesshouldconsideraskingthelocal chapteroftheOregonNursesAssociationforsuggestionsonhowtoincorporateTriple BottomLinepractices(themosteffectivesustainabilitymeasuresinPortlandhavecome aboutasaresultofsuggestionsfromnurses). TheCityofEugeneshouldprovideincentivesforgreenbuildingandlandscapingand streamlinedbuildingcodestolocalmedicalfacilitiesincluding: Revisesystemsdevelopmentchargestomeasurableconsumptionofenergy insteadofnumbersinstalled;e.g.chargesfortheinstallationofatoiletare currentlyasmuchasforaconventionalone,yetitcostsmoretopurchaseanduses lesswater. Removebarrierstogreenbuildingwithinthecitycode;replacewithincentives. CityofEugenewastemanagementstaffshouldassistlocalhealthcarefacilitiesin identifyingmarketsforhealthcarewastestreams. Theorganicandnaturalfoodsindustryisprobablytheoldestlocalbusinesssectorthataddresses issuesofsustainability.Itgrewoutofthe?back-to-the-land?movementofthe1960-70?swith thepurposeofprovidingwholegrains,freshproduceandlocalproductstoconsumersbyway ofsmall,family-runenterprises.Manyofthelocalleadersinthetradewereearlyadoptersand proponentsofrecycling,compostingandgreenbuilding,aswellassocialandeconomicjustice issues.Theorganicandnaturalfoodsindustrybeganbyaddressingpersonalhealththroughthe ideathatweareonlyashealthyasthefoodweeat. Theorganicandnaturalfoodsindustryisgrowingatabout20%annuallynationwideandthis trendshouldcontinuegivengrowingconsumerconcernsoverenvironmentalandsocialissues. EvenlargeretailerssuchasWallMartareenteringtheIfeffectiveactionsaretaken,local companiesshouldcontinuetoshareinthisgrowth.Thenumberofstart-upsthatcontinueto nichesfornewproductsthatthereisstillroomfornewproductsandbusinesses. Increasedconsumereducation,businessincubationandsupport,andclusterdevelopmentcan helpensurecontinuedgrowth. Thelocalsectorincludesfarmers,foodprocessors,distributors,retailers,restaurants,institutional users,andtechnicalassistanceorganizations(e.g.businessassistanceandorganic Thelocalsectorincludesfarmers,foodprocessors,distributors,retailers,restaurants,institutional users,andtechnicalassistanceorganizations(e.g.businessassistanceand organic By2020,Eugenehasaworldclassorganicandnaturalfoodsclusterwithfacilitiesand infrastructurethatsupportcontinuedinnovationandproductionofnewproducts.Locally producedorganicandnaturalfooddominateslocalconsumptionbyhouseholds,commercial, government,andinstitutionalconsumers.Asupplyofagriculturallandwithinclose proximitysupplieslargeamountsoforganicproductsandingredientsforlocalretailersand producers. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittosupportingandgrowingtheorganicand naturalfoodindustry. TheCityofEugeneshouldmakeitaprioritytoassistthelocalindustrytoorganizea consortiumofventurecapitalistsandotherstosecurelandtoestablishasitewhere aclusterofnaturalandorganicfoodproducersanddistributorscanbelocated. Aspartofitspurchasingpolicy,theCityofEugeneshouldbegintouselocallyproduced, organicandnaturalfoodsatallofitseventsandfacilitiesandencouragethelocalschool systemandEugeneCelebrationtodosoaswell. TheCityofEugeneshouldformapartnershiptoinstituteamarketingprogramtopromote localorganicproductsandagriculturelocallyandnationally. TheCityofEugeneshouldjoinwithotherlocaleconomicdevelopmentagenciesandprivate toinstituteaconsumereducationcampaigntobuildunderstandingoftheof andincreaselocaldemandfororganicandnaturalfoods. TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwiththeStateDepartmentofAgricultureandother appropriateagenciestoprovideincentivesandassistlocalfarmerstoincreaseproductionof organicfoods. Localschooldistrictsandhealthcareprovidersshouldconsiderprovidingeducationin schoolsandattheirfacilitiesonthenutritional,healthcare,andenvironmentalof organicandnaturalfoods. Membersofthelocalorganicandnaturalfoodsindustryshouldcontinuetheireffortsto strengthentheWillametteValleySustainableFoodsAllianceandtheCityofEugeneshould supportthiseffortinanywaypossible. Eugenehasareputationasabicyclefriendlycommunityandtheuseofbicyclesreduces greenhousegasescreatedfromvehicleemissions,increasespersonalandcreatesjobsin thebicyclemanufacturingandrepairindustries. TheU.S.bicycleindustryisapproximatelya$5.6billionindustryperyear,includingthe retailvalueofbicycles,relatedparts,andaccessoriesthroughallchannelsofdistribution.An estimated2,000companiesareinvolvedinmanufacturinganddistributingcyclingproductsto retailers,andapproximately100differentbicyclebrandnamesareavailabletochoosefrom.A 21 widervarietyofproductisbeingsoldtoawiderrangeofconsumersthaneverbefore.While thebicycleindustrytendstorelyonseasonalsalesanddependsagreatdealonconsumers? discretionaryspendingability,thecurrentriseingasprices,ifitcontinues,couldspurincreased demandforbicyclesbeyondrecreationaluses. Thelocalbicycleindustryincludesbikeframe,partandaccessorymanufacturers,assemblers, andretailoutlets. By2020,theCityofEugenewillhaveanationallyacclaimedbicycleclusterthatemploysthe TripleBottomLineinalltheirbusinesspractices.Therewillbeincreasedinfrastructurefor bicycletravelsuchasmorebikepaths,easierandincreasedcooperationbetweenvehicleand bicycletransportationusersandenhancedbusinesssupportforbicycleriding.Eugenewill continuetobeanationalandinternationalcenterforbicycletourismandridership. TheCityofEugeneshouldpubliclycommittosupportingandgrowingthebicycleindustry. TheCityofEugeneshouldrequiretheinstallationofchangingroomsandsecurebicycle parkingatallnewCityfacilities. TheCityofEugeneshouldpartnerwithotherlocaleconomicdevelopmentagenciesto promoteEugeneasapremierdestinationforbicycletourism. TheCityofEugeneshouldre-examineandupgradecitybikepathsandbicycle infrastructureincludinganupdateofthebicyclemap. TheEugeneAreaChamberofCommerceandLaneMetroPartnershipshouldconsider promotingandtakingstepstoexpandthebicycleindustrycluster. LaneTransitDistrictshouldconsiderexpandingexistingparkandrideoptionsforbicycles, includingtheexpansionofsecurebikeparkingataconvenientlocationforthosewishingto th parktheirbikeandridethebusup30AvenuetoLCC. LTDshouldalsoconsiderincreasingbikeaccessonbusesandontheupcomingBRT. Duetoitsreputation,Eugeneattractsanincreasingnumberoftourismandrecreational events.Forexample,the2008OlympicTrialswillbeheldinEugene.Theseeventsoften generateamountsofwasteandtheassociatedtravelgeneratesaamount ofgreenhousegases.Atthesametime,ensuringthatlocaleventsusesustainablepractices, arewastefreeandreduceemissionswouldofferauniqueopportunitytoeducatethousandsof peoplewhilealsogrowingthemarketforsustainablegoodsandservices. By2020,allmajoreventsinEugeneandeventsthathaveCityofEugenesponsorshipoperate usingsustainablepractices,includingzerowasteandcarbonneutralgoals. TheCityshouldadoptstandardsforeventsthatincludereducingtheoverallusageof disposableitems,recyclingofallpossiblematerials,usinglocalsuppliersandnaturaland organicfood,anddevelopingaplantoencouragetheuseoflowcarbon-based transportation.Inaddition,thepeopleemployedattheseeventsshouldbepaidaliving wage. Thepilotprojectformeetingallstandardsshouldbethe2007EugeneCelebrationwiththe (proposed)CitySustainabilityBoard/Commissionevaluatingitssuccess. The(proposed)SustainableDevelopmentBoard/Commissionshouldalsoplayaleadership roleinandimplementingthesustainabilitypracticesfortheOlympicTrials in2008. TheCityofEugeneshoulddevelopalistofbiodegradablefoodserviceitemsin supportoflocalretailersandprocessors. Inadditiontotheprimarysectorsdescribedabove,theSBIheldroundtableswithtwosectors deemedcriticaltomakeEugeneacenterofexcellenceinsustainablebusiness. Overthelongterm,thecontinuedexpansionofsustainablepractices,productsandservices willdependontheknowledgeandskillsoflocalworkersandconsumers.Incorporating sustainabilityintopubliceducationisthereforecriticaltolong-termsuccess.Publiceducation forsustainabilityincludestwocomponents:1)teachingtheprinciplesandpracticesof sustainabilityinK-12andhighereducationsettings;and2)applyingsustainabilitymeasures tocampusfacilitiesandoperations.Inmanycases,thetwocomponentscanbecombinedto provideexamplesofsustainablesystemsandhands-onexperiencesforthestudentsindeveloping andusingthem. CollegecampusesacrosstheUnitedStatesspendmorethan$200billionandworkwithavariety ofvendorsandindustries,nottomentionthetheyandK-12schoolshaveontheminds andbodiesofthefuture.Littledataisavailableregardinggrowthinsustainabilityin educationatanylevel.However,theNationalWildlifeFederationperformedastudyin2001 ofsustainableandenvironmentalpracticesat891collegecampuses(22%ofthenationaltotal). Theyfoundthatnearlyalloftherespondentshadsomesortofenergymanagementprogram; 25%usedrenewableenergy;72%implementedwaterconservationtactics;recyclingtendedto bethestrongestprogramandtransportationservedastheweakestlink.Curriculumtrendsvaried with43%ofschoolsofferingenvironmentalstudiesmajorsorminorsbutonly8%requiringan environmentalstudiescourseforallstudents. Ourresearchfoundthatsomelocaleducationalinstitutionsareactivelypursuingcampus facilityandoperationssustainabilityprogramsandthesubjectisbeingtaughtinanumber ofsettings.Forexample,boththeUniversityofOregonandLaneCommunityCollegehave nationallyrecognizedcampusfacilityandoperationssustainabilityprograms.Anumberofthe K-12programsareparticipatingincampusrecyclingprograms,communitygardens,andother environmentaleducationprograms.EWEBhaspartneredwiththeUniversityofOregonaswell aslocalschooldistrictstoincreaseenergyconservationandprovidefundsforeducation.Lane CountyandtheCityofEugeneparticipateinthestate-wideGreenSchoolsprogram.However, ourresearchalsofoundpotentialinEugeneforincreasedfocusonsustainabilityin operations,facilitiesandcurriculumatlocalschools. By2020,sustainabilityisacorevaluewithinalllevelsoflocaleducationalinstitutions.Faculty andstaffsupportandincorporatesustainabilityincurriculum,administrative,andcampus operationsasacorefunction.Allstudentsgraduatewithahighlevelofunderstandingandskills intheissue. TheCityofEugeneshouldsupporttheofferofLaneCommunityCollegetofacilitatea processwherebylocalschooldistrictsandagenciesinvolvedwithpubliceducationcanshare bestpractices,discusscostsandsavingsachievedthroughfacility-basedsustainability measures,hostcommunityevents,enhanceteachertraining,andpossiblyraisefundstohire andhouseasustainabilitycoordinatorthatcouldassistalllocalschools. TheMayorofEugeneshalljoinwithotherlocalleaderstoconveneconversationswith schoolboardsandsuperintendentsaboutsustainability. Accesstoaffordablecapitaliscriticalforthegrowthofanyindustryorbusiness,anditiscertainly neededtotheexpansionofsustainablepractices,productsandservices.Communities acrosstheU.S.andglobehavefoundthatexpandingthevarietyandsizeofandincreasing accessibilitytoisakeytogrowingsustainablebusinesspracticesandproducts. Ourresearchfoundthatavarietyofloans,grants,andotherinstrumentsarecurrently availablefromlocalbanksandcreditunionsaswellaslocalandstategovernmentforlocal entrepreneurs.However,wealsofoundthatmanylocalcompanieseitherdonotknowabout theseoptions,themhardtoaccess,ordonotqualifyforthetypesofcapitalcurrently available.Wealsofoundthatmanylocalinstitutionshavelimitedknowledgeofthe principlesandpracticesofsustainability,howtheirusecanreducerisksandincreasethe viabilityofacompany,orthestrugglesmanylocalcompanieshaveinobtainingfor theseventures. By2020localbanks,venturecapitalinvestmentcompanies,andgovernmentfunding agenciesunderstandtheprinciples,practicesandofsustainabilityandhaveawide assortmentofinstrumentstoprovidecapitalforsustainablebusinessdevelopment.Abrochure isdevelopedwhichinformsborrowersofvariousgovernmentalandprivatelendingoptions withanemphasisonspecialfunds,suchasGreenCDs,energyloans,community reinvestmentloansandothersociallyresponsibletools.Thesetoolsareavailableforuse bysustainablecompanies.Financialinstitutionsapplysustainabilitypracticesintheirown operationssothattheyunderstandthecostsavingsandbusinessadvantages.Theyalsooffer programstoenhancethemanagementskillsoflocalentrepreneursandtheirabilitytowrite goodbusinessplans,thusmakingtheirbusinessesmoreattractivetolendinginstitutions.Ample fundingsourcesareavailabletolowincomeentrepreneurs,start-ups,andbusinessesrequiring smallloans. Locallendinginstitutionsshouldbecomeknowledgeableaboutsustainabilityandapplythe practicesintheirfacilitiesandoperationstoleadbyexample. Locallendinginstitutionsandagenciesshouldformaconsortiumtoofferseminarson sustainablepracticestocustomersandemployees. Locallendinginstitutionsandagenciesshouldconsiderestablishingasustainability processpackagedwithbusinesseducationandloans. Localbanksshouldconsiderareviseddebt/equityratioforbusinessesusingsustainability practices. LocallendinginstitutionsshouldconsiderdevelopingaGreenCDorotherformsoffunding targetedforlocalinvestmentinsustainablebusinesses. Thissectionincludesrecommendationsfromthepublicgatheredthroughemails,thetown hallmeeting,meetingswiththeInstituteforSustainableEthicsandEconomics(ISEE),the NeighborhoodLeadershipCouncilandenvironmentalgroups. GovernmentEntities: EstablishSustainabilityCommissionorBoardasancityentitytohelpguideinternal Cityandexternalcommunitysustainabilityefforts. CreateaEugeneofSustainableDevelopmentthatbringsmanycityfunctions togetherunderoneroof(modeledpossiblyaftertheCityofPortlandOSD). EachCitydepartmentshoulddesignateasustainabilitycoordinatororanombudsman shouldbehiredtocoordinateandspurinternalCitysustainabilityefforts. AllCitystaffshouldbetrainedinsustainability. AuditsandReviews: Indicatorsshouldbedevelopedtomeasurescitygovernment?sandthecommunity?sprogress towardsustainabilitygoals. Cityshouldcompleteandcontinuallyupdateasustainabilityauditofallfacilitiesand operations. Completeaninventoryandauditoflandresourcestodeterminehowmuchfoodcanbe producedlocally. Completelocalcarryingcapacityanalysistodeterminehowmanypeople,industriesetc.the localareacansupport. Mayorand/orCityCouncilshouldissueannualpublicSustainabilityReportCard. Cityshouldhelpthepublicovercomeitspessimismaboutthefuturebydocumentingthe ofsustainabilityanddemonstratingthatpositivechangeispossible. Screening/Guidelines: Cityshouldadoptasustainabilityoreconomicandcommunityimpactscreeningmechanism fornewbusinesses. Cityshouldadoptsustainabilitydecision-makingscreenorcriteria,withbroadpublic involvementprocess,thatallmajordecisionsarerunthrough(aprecautionaryprinciple ?alternativesanalysis?wherethebestpossiblealternativesarechosen). CityshouldadopttheprecautionaryprincipleforitspurchasingpoliciessimilartotheCityof SanFrancisco?s. Goals: City,possiblyinconcertwithotheragenciessuchasEWEBandLTD,shouldadopt goalsforimprovingthesustainabilityofinternaloperations(e.g.reduceenergyuseby10%a yearfor10years)andamonitoringmechanismtoevaluateprogress. CityshouldpartnerwithEWEB,LTDandotherstoestablishan?EnergyChallenge? wherebybusinesses,sectors,ordevelopmentprojectsarechallengedtoreduce energyuse,shifttoaamountofrenewablesand/orremainwhilethepopulation grows. Funding: Floatabondmeasuretoraisefundsforenergyimprovements(inpublic operations)thatcanpayforthemselves(e.g.within5years). Cityshouldcalculatecostsavingsfromenergyimprovementsanddedicatethosesavingstoa fundthatsupportscommunitysustainabilityprojects. RaisemoneyforSBIrecommendationsthroughalicenseplatecampaign. Adoptasalestaxtosupportsustainabilityeffortsandfundeducationalprogramsrelatedto sustainability. PromotionofSustainableProductsandPractices: Cityshouldprovideastampofapproval/sticker/logoforsustainablebusinesses. Createawaytoidentifyandlabellocal,organicproducts. Cityshouldmakeacommitmenttopromotinggreenbusinessesthroughanongoing program. Educatecommunityaboutimportanceofsustainability?demonstratehowpeoplecanmove towardsustainablepractices SupportforSustainableBusinesses: Establishagreenbusinessincubator. Cityshouldprioritizesupportforsmall,locallyownedbusinesseswithincentives,etc. TheCityshouldsetanexampleinregardtosustainablepractices. Useincentivesforbusinessestoencouragethemtorebuildinamoresustainablemanner. Reducerentforlocalbusinessesthatarestruggling Supportsmall,locally-ownedrestaurantsandeliminatechainrestaurantslikeMcDonalds Providetaxincentivesforsustainablebusinessesandtaxdisincentivesforthosewhodonot usesustainablepractices. Transportation City-sponsoredstudyofwherebikeracksareneeded Financialincentivesorrequirementsforbusinessestoprovidebikeracks PayCityemployeestowalkorbiketowork Buildmorebicyclepaths,walkingpaths,aswellascoveredbicycle/walkingpaths Makepublictransportationmoreaccessibleandcheaperforstudentstoprecludeolder studentsdrivingtoschool Increasemasstransit(forexample,runbuseslateratnight)andencourageitsuse. ProvidefreeLTDbuses,becausesomecannotaffordthecost. HealthCare TheCityshouldsupportreducinghealthcarecostsforsmallbusinessemployees Increasegovernmentinvolvementinhealthcaretochangeitfromitsstatus. LandUse Encouragepeopletoliveandworkinthesameareatoreduceautouse. PromoteEugene?slocalbusinessesinallneighborhoodstodecreasetravelandtocreatemore individualizedneighborhoods Limitsprawl,keepforestsandagriculturelandsintact. Buildupinsteadofout?makeEugenemorecompact. Youth Provideateencentertofosterleadershipdevelopmentandteendecisionmaking.Ideasfor thiscenterincludeinvolvingteensinthedesignandbuildingprocess,buildinga?green?, solarpoweredbuildingwithrooftopgardensforlearningaboutorganicgardening. TheCity,LTDandothersshouldcreatevotingpositionsonboard,commissions,and committeesforyouth,particularlyonissuesthataffectyouth. CommunityBuilding: Increaseculturalawarenessforemployeesdeliveringsocialservices,particularlyteachers. TheCityshouldcreateanadvisoryboardmadeupsolelyofimmigrants. Providecoveredfreeboxes/freeareas Providefreeindoorgymsandrecreationcentersforallcommunities Encouragecontinuedpublicandcommunityinvolvement,suchastheyouthfocusedtown hallmeeting,ineconomicdevelopmentefforts. Inthewinterof2005-2006,ResourceInnovationsconductedapublicsurveyonbehalfof EugeneMayorPiercy?sSustainableBusinessInitiative(SBI).Thegoalofthesurveywasto gatherinputfromthepublicregardingtheirideasforgrowing,retainingandcreatingsustainable businesspracticesandproductsinEugene.Thelinktoanonlinesurveywasdistributedto theTaskForce,TechnicalAdvisoryCommitteeandotherinterestedparties,whomwere askedtosendoutthelinktoasmanypeopleaspossible.Thesurveywasalsomadeaccessible tothepublicthroughalinkontheResourceInnovationswebsiteandpeoplewereurgedto participateatmultipleSBImeetings.Thesurveyrespondentswerenotrandomlyselectedandit isimpossibletoknowhowmanypeoplereceivedthesurvey.Therefore,asintended,thesurvey resultsserveasameansofgatheringinformationfromthepublic,butarenotstatisticallyvalid. Thesurveyresultsillustratetheopinionsofthe297respondents. Basedonthedatawereceivedwedrewthefollowingconclusions(notethatunlessotherwise indicated,thepercentagesgivenarevalidpercentagesandreferonlytothepeopleanswering thatparticularquestion,notpercentagesofthetotalnumberofsurveyrespondents): 1.Thesectorsofgreatestinteresttotherespondentsofthissurveyarenaturalandorganic foods,greenbuildingandrenewableenergy. Respondents selected natural and organic foods, green building and renewable energy as the sectors they thought deserved the highest priority for sustainable business and job development efforts in Eugene. Whenaskedtopickthesectorstheywantedtoreceivethefocusofbusinessandjobdevelopment effortsinEugene,48%(105)ofrespondentsselectedgreenbuildingasoneoftheirhighest prioritysectors,46%(101)ofrespondentsselectedrenewableenergyasoneoftheirhighest prioritysectorsand48%(105)ofrespondentsselectedorganicandnaturalfoodsasoneoftheir highestprioritysectors.Respondentswereallowedtopickasmanysectorsastheywanted,which accountsforthepercentagesexceeding100%. The greatest number of respondents answered questions in the natural and organic food, green building and renewable energy sections. Generally,99people(33%oftotal)answeredquestionsinthegreenbuildingsection;95people (32%oftotal)answeredquestionsintheorganicandnaturalfoodssectionand91people(31%) answeredquestionsintherenewableenergysection.Reuseandrecyclingandbiofuelsfollowed fairlycloselybehindwith74people(24%oftotal)and72people(24%oftotal)respectively answeringquestionsinthosesections. 2.Thetacticsforbusinessandjobretention,expansionandcreationmosthighlyfavoredby surveyrespondentsincludegovernmentandinstitutionalpurchasingofsustainableproducts andservices;incentivestosustainablebusinessesandforsustainablebusinesspractices;and educationofthepublicandbusinesses. Incentives and education ranked as the two most important strategies for retaining, expanding and creating sustainable industries. Whenaskedwhichpracticestheythoughtwouldbethemostimportanttoretaining,expanding andcreatingsustainableindustries(questionthree),thegreatestnumberofrespondents,49% (98),selected,?Incentivesforbusinessesthatencouragetheuseofsustainablepracticesorthe productionofsustainableproducts,?while42%(83)ofrespondentsselected,?Educationfor localbusinessesandcitizensinsustainabilityprinciplesandpractices.? Interestingly,only33%(65)ofrespondentsselected,?Localgovernmentsapplyingsustainable practicestotheirownoperations,?givingthisresponsearankingof6outof13answerchoices. Purchasingproductsfromsustainableindustriesrankedforallbuttwoofthesectorsinterms ofactionsthattheCityandotherentitiesshouldembarkupontoretain,expandand createsustainableindustries.Onlyrespondentstothesustainablehealthcaresection(forCity government)andsustainabletourismandrecreationsection(forCityandotherentities)ranked educationaboveleadingbyexample.Fornearlyallofthesectionsinwhichpurchasingpolicy waschosenbythemostrespondents,educationfollowedcloselybehind. Whenasked, ?What actions can the City of Eugene take to help expand the local X industry?? thetopchoicesforallsectorsbutsustainabletourismandrecreationandsustainablehealthcare wereasfollows: 93%(92)ofrespondentsselected,?Applygreenbuildingpracticestoallcityremodelingand newconstruction? 85%(61)ofrespondentschose,?Purchaselocalbiofuels? 71%(35)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaselocalnaturalproducts? 81%(72)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaserenewableenergy? 76%(72)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaselocalorganicandnaturalfoods? 81%(60)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchasereused/recycledproducts? 80%(49)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchasesustainableforestproducts? Whenasked, ?What actions can other local governments, educational institutions, private entities, thetopchoicesforallsectorsbut sustainabletourismandrecreationareasfollows: 93%(92)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseanduselocallyproducedsustainablegoodsand services? 89%(64)ofrespondentschose,?Purchaseanduselocallyproducedbiofuels? 86%(42)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseanduselocallyproducednaturalproducts? 91%(89)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseanduselocallyproducedrenewableenergy? 85%(81)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseanduselocallyproducedorganicandnatural foods? 88%(65)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseandutilizereused/recycledproducts? 92%(56)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseandutilizesustainableforestproducts? 88%(65)ofrespondentsselected,?Purchaseandusesustainablehealthcareproductsand services.? 3.Highcosts,lackofavailabilityandlackofinformationarethegreatestbarriersto consumptionofsustainableproductsandservices. In nearly every sector, the greatest number of respondents selected cost, lack of availability, and lack of information as the barrier that prevented them from purchasing products in that sector more extensively. Theonlysectorsinwhichhighcosts,lackofavailabilityandlackofinformationwerenotthe threemosthighlyselectedresponseswerebiofuelsandnaturalandorganicfoods. Biofuelrespondentsselected,?Donothavetheproperequipment?withthegreatest frequency64%(46respondents). Naturalandorganicfoodsrespondentschose,?Other?above,?Notenoughinformation,? with25%(24)ofrespondentsversusonly2%(2)ofrespondentsrespectively.Many respondentsthatchose?Other?commentsforthissectionstatedthattheydopurchase naturalandorganicfoods. 4.Correspondingly,respondentsfeltthatindustriesshouldprovidemoreinformation, improveaccessibilityandlowercostinordertoretainandexpandtheirsectors. In all but the reuse recycling sector, respondents selected variations on improving accessibility, lowering cost and providing more information with the three highest frequencies. Respondentsonlyvariedforthereuse/recyclingsector,inwhich39%(29)ofrespondents selected,?Improveproductqualityandperformance,?asopposedtothe27%(20)ofrespondents whoselected,?Reducecosts.? Theprocessofappreciativeinquiryinvolvesafour-stepprocess,describedinsomedetailbelow: TheSBIspentthesummerof2005throughearlyFebruary2006intheDiscoveryphase,seeking ideasandinformationfromthecommunitythroughinterviews,roundtables,community meetings,andonlinesurveys.Thegoalwastounderstandtheandto generateideastoretain,grow,andcreatesustainablebusinessesandjobs. InlateFebruaryof2006,theSBITaskForceshiftedtotheDreamphase,whichinvolvedusing theinformationandideasthathadbeengeneratedintheDiscoveryphasetodevelopavision oftheidealconditionsTaskForcememberswanttoestablishforsustainablebusinessandjob development.Oncetheidealwasdescribed,TaskForcemembersmovedbackwardstoidentify theclosestapproximationtotheidealthatcanbeachievedinrelativelyshortorder(1-5years). InApriltheTaskForcecompletedtheDesignphase,whichinvolvedoutliningthe?design features?(areasneedingpolicyandprogramdevelopment)requiredtoachievetheirvision, selectingpriorities,andproposingrecommendationsfor(re)designingtheinfrastructureofthe community(social,physical,policies,decisionmakingmechanisms,andwaysofdoing things)toachievethosegoals. InMayandJune2006,theTaskForcecompletedtheDestinyPhase,whichinvolved constructingshortandlong-termstrategiesforimplementingandcommunicatingthe recommendations. TheultimategoalofSystemsThinkingistohelppeopleexaminehowtheirthinkingand beliefsystemsmayhavecontributedtotheproblemandcanalsobeadjustedtocreatesuccess. TheSBITaskForcespentthesixmonthslearningfromotherswiththeexplicitgoals ofavoidingquickandpossiblyerroneousconclusionsandclarifyingthetypeofthinking neededtocreateaneffectiveapproachforgrowingsustainablebusinesses.Wehopedthis approachwouldalsoprovidetimeforbusinessandcommunityleaderstolearnaboutand understandsustainability. ASystemsThinkingtoolcalledthe?Iceberg?wasusedasamodeltohelppeopleunderstandthe concept.LikeanIceberg,mostofthecomplexityinoureconomic,social,andenvironmental systemslieshiddenbeneaththesurfaceofeverydayevents.Itisnotpossibletonavigatearound anicebergwithoutacknowledgingthatmostofitsmassisunderwater,hiddenfromview.The sameistrueforsustainablebusinessandjobdevelopment. Forexample,businessandgovernmentleadersareoftenconsumedwithdailyeventsandcrises. Onecanincreaseunderstandingandrespondbettertothedailyeventssuchaseconomic, socialorenvironmentalproblemsnotjustbyrespondingtothoseevents.Instead,by steppingbackandaskingiftheproblemshaveoccurredbeforeinthesameorsimilarform,that is,bylookingforhistoric,itmaybepossibletogainincreasedunderstanding trends and patterns andleverageforchange. Itislikelythatevengreaterunderstandingofthecausesandsolutionscanbegainedby goingstilldeeperandexaminingthethatmayhaveproducedthepatterns systemic structures ortrends.Forexample,examiningthewaypoliciesandprogramsarestructuredmay illuminatewhytheongoingpatternsofpooreconomic,socialorenvironmentalperformanceare occurring. Thegreatestleverageforunderstandingandchange,however,canusuallybefoundbygoing stilldeeperandexaminingthe--themindset--thatcreatedthe thinking, beliefs, and assumptions structuresintheplace.Themindsetthatpeopleholddeterminesthestructures(policies, programs)theyestablishthatproducethehistoricpatternsofeventsthatshowupaseveryday issuesandcrises.Surfacingthesementalmodelscanleadtonewwaysofthinkingandsuccess. 22 TrailblazerFoodswww.tbfoods.com LocatedinPortland,Oregon,TrailblazerFoodsemploys45peopletomanufacturesyrups,fruits andjams.Whenmovingtoanewbuilding,thecompanydesignedandinstalledaninnovative waterrecyclingmachineforheatingandcoolingwiththegoalofpollutionreductionandenergy andwater Thesystemcost$40,000 Thesystemcutsthecompany?swaterandelectricuse(andthereforecostsforenergyand water)by50%,resultinginatwoyearpayback. Thesystemcutswateruseby1.5milliongallonsperyearandgassesby10%. Thewatersystemalsoeliminatesthereleaseofhazardoussludgeintothewaterstream, thankstoathatseparatesoutsludge. Thesystemhelpedthecompanycomplywithstateenvironmentalrequirementsforprocess StahlbushIslandFarms.www.stahlbush.com Purchasedin1985,this353-acrefarmoutsideofCorvallisonthebanksoftheWillametteRiver growsandprocessesfreshproduce.Mostofthecompany?scustomersarelargefoodproduct manufacturers.Whiletheyarenotorganic,theyfarmsustainablythroughcroprotation, pesticidereductionandelimination,covercroppingandmore.Thechemicalstheydouseare approvedfororganicagriculture. Waterusehasbeenreducedbymorethan50%,duetoaninnovativesystemwherewateris usedinthreeorfourdifferentapplications. Timerswereinstalledonfanmotorsinfreezerssothatfansdon?trunallofthetime. FinancialSavings:$4,500/year. ResourceSavings:133,000kWh/year. Astargetedmotorswearout,theyarereplacedwithmotors. FinancialSavings:whenfullyimplemented,thiswillsave$2,300/yearinelectricbills. ResourceSavings:50,000kWh/year. Only?natural?(uncolored)5-gallonHDPEplasticpailsareused.Thesepailsareeasierfor customerstorecycle.Ammoniacompressorheadpressureandboilerpressurehavebeen adjustedtoconserveenergy.Thefarmcompostsfoodscrapsandisexperimentingwith usingfoodscrapsascattlefeed.Somebulkproductsareshippedinreconditioneddrums. 23 Stahlbushrecyclescorrugatedcardboardboxesandpaper. 24 2000acressustainable. Newbusinessdevelopment: ?In1990,theyexpandedwithconstructionofafoodprocessingplantthatallowsthem toaddvaluetotheirfreshproducewithfruitandvegetablepureesand?Individually QuickFrozen?packagedgoods. ?Expansionwiththepurchaseofa500acrefarmnearPleasantHill Environmental?Creationofasustainablefarmsystemthatgoesbeyondorganic toincludehealthofthesurroundingecosystem Social-?In14yearsofoperation,StahlbushIslandFarmshasneverhadasinglelay- 25 off,?accordingtoKarlaChambers,co-ownerofStahlbushIslandFarms. ViewmontOrchards ThisHoodRiverfarmconservedenergybyreplacinganoilpressureheating system,andinstallingcapacitorsandcontrolcircuitrytoregulateenergyuse.Produceda savingsof$55,000peryear. Waterusewasalsoreducedwithaswitchtomicro-irrigation. 26 WackerSiltronic APortland-basedmanufacturerofsiliconwafersfortheelectronicsindustry,whichemploys 1700people.Onceknownasoneofthelargesthazardouswastegeneratorsinthestatein1985, WackerSiltronichasnowwonnumerousawardsfortheirenvironmentaltrackrecord. Thecompanychangedfromsawsusingsinglepasscoolingtosawsusingrecirculatingglycol andaheatexchanger.Thesechangesandothersreducedwateruseby37milliongallonsper year. Transportation--Wacker?semployeecommutereductionprogramhasreducedemployee vehicletripsby33%.Theresultisanannualsavingsofnearly2.9millionvehiclemiles traveled(approximatelyequalto143,000gallonsofgasoline).Theyoffered12shift schedulestoallproductionworkers,whichgavethemmoretimeoff,reducedtrips,and avoidedrushhourInadditiontheyincreasedtheirbuspasssubsidyto100%fortheir employeesthatwishtoridethebus.Telecommutingwassuccessfullypilot-testedin1996. Theyexpandedtheirmodemcapacitytoallowoff-sitecomputeraccessande-mailretrieval 27 allowingsomeemployeestoworkfromhome. EnvironmentalBetween1985&1996,they 1)completelyeliminatedtheuseofozone-depletingchemicals, 2)reducedairpollutionby89%, 3)reducedsolid-wastegenerationby30%, 4)cutoveralluseofchemicalsattheirfacilityby47% 5)reducedhazardouswastegenerationby99% EconomicSavingsofmorethan$1millionannuallyfromtheabovementioned changes FlukeCorporation. FlukeCorporationisamanufacturerofelectronictestandmeasurementequipmentlocatedin 28 Everett,WA.Startedinthe1950s,by1998,thecompanyemployed2000peoplewithgross receiptsofapproximately$440milliondollars.Intheearly1980swhentheybecamepartofa Superfundcleanupsite,theyadoptedanewperspectivetowardmanagingwaste.Whatbeganas awayofaddressinglong-termandanenvironmentalissuehasbecomea wayofaddressinganinternalqualityproblem;what?sgoodfortheenvironmentisseenasgood forstabilityofthecorporation. Environmentalandeconomicfollow: 90-99%ofhazardousmaterialsaretreatedon-sitewithalargepercentagerecycled;in1986 thisamountedto1000tonsthatusedtobeshippedoff-sitefortreatmentanddisposal. Approximatesavingsof$500,000/yearindisposalcosts. Eliminationofozonedepletingchemicalsfromthecompany?sproductionprocess-price ofa50-gallondrumoffreonhadjumpedfrom$50to$5,000.Eliminationofthisandother hazardouswasteshassavedapproximately$340,000/year. Reductionsinannualwaterusebetween1990&1996of24milliongallonsproduceda savingsof$86,000/year. Reductionofsolidwasteandincreasedrecyclingsavesapproximately$50,000/ year;scrapreductionandcircuitboardrecyclingsavesapproximately$9600/yearin manufacturing. They?vephasedoutuseofmercurybatteriesinnewproductsandprovidedpackages forpreviousgenerationproducts. 29 Rejuvenationhttp://www.rejuvenation.com Foundedin1978asanarchitecturalsalvageshop,Rejuvenationhasnowexpandedto manufacturingperiodlightingandhardware.Thecompanyemploysapproximately200 peopleandhasbeenanenvironmentalleaderintheconstructionandremodelingindustry, encouragingreuseandrecyclingofmaterialsfromhousedemolition. TheirclearcoatingsystemhasdecreasedVOCemissionsby75%. Thecompanypaysemployeestowalk,carpool,bikeortakepublictransittoworkand basedtheirdecisiontoremaininPortland,ratherthanmovingtothesuburbs,onreducing employeecommuting.Aofbikesisavailabletostaffformeetings,errands,etc. TheRejuvenationstoreinPortlandincludes5,000squarefeetofsalvagedbuildingmaterial. Atakebackprogramminimizestheoftheirproducts. GraphicScienceswww.graphicsciences.com HeadquarteredinPortland,theyarealeadingmanufacturerofenvironmentallyfriendlyinks andcoatingsfortheprintingindustry?inksusedoncorrugatedboxesandpaper andplasticbags. EnvironmentalIn1997theyinstalledacoolingtowertotheirpigmentgrinding process.Thisallowsmostofthecoolingwatertobereused,cuttingwateruseby80%. EconomicTheinstallationpaidforitselfinamatterofmonths,using2,500,000 lessgallonsofwaterayearforasavingsofabout$12,000annually. 30 Boeing BoeingCommercialAirplaneGroupreducedair-compressorenergyuseby50percentatits three-buildingcampusinPortland,Oregon. A$180,000upgradecutenergyusefrom4.5millionkWhdowntojust2.2millionkWh, saving$92,000ayear,atwo-yearpayback. Inadditiontotheseenergysavings,thecompanysaves$9,500inequipmentdepreciationand $8,500onmaintenance,parts,andlaboreachyear. Thelocalutilityprovideda$40,000incentive. Improvingaircompressionsystemsdramaticallyincreasestoexistingequipment andtools,allowingamanufacturertoavoidordelaythecapitalcostsofpurchasinganew compressorasdemandforairgrows;thisfactoralonecandoublethereturnoninvestment. Somesystemupgradesimproveproductqualityandincreaseproductivity. Becausevirtuallyalloftheenergyusedforcompressingairiselectricity,upgradesachieve carbondioxidesavings. NeilKellyCompanyhttp://www.neilkelly.com/ NeilKellyCompanyhasbeenprovidinghomerepairsandremodelssince1947forthegreater Portlandarea,andmorerecently,Eugene.Thecompanyalsoworkswithnewhomedesignand specializesincabinets,windowsanddoors. PGEEarthAdvantagenamedNeilKellyCo.thewinnerofits2003EarthAdvantage RemodelerAwardfortheirexcellenceinsustainablebuilding.Severalotherawardshave beengiventothecompanyfortheirsustainabledesignsandproducts. Almostallofthewoodthecompanyusesissustainablyharvestedandmuchofitis 31 reclaimed. Producerofcabinetsmadefromwheatboardand/orsustainablyharvestedwoodwithlowor non-toxicandadhesives.Theyalsocreateproductsmadeofcorkandlyptus. Theirdeliveryvanandportionsoftheirrunonbiodiesel.In2004,NeilKelleybecame oneofthePortlandbusinessestoinstalla100%biodieseltankfortheirownuse. 32 ProvideNaturalSteptrainingsforemployeestopromotesustainablepractices. 33 Historyofteambased,collaborativemanagementstyle. Thecompanyreportsgettingagooddealofbusinessbecauseoftheirsustainablepractices andproducts. Gerding/EdlenDevelopmentCompanyhttp://www.ge-dev.com/ Gerding/Edlenisacommercialrealestateconsultinganddevelopmentthatspecializesin mixeduseurbanrenewalprojects.Thebeganin1996andhassincecompletedprojects includingseveraldevelopmentsonPortland?swellknowBreweryBlocks. Gerding/Edlen?sgoalistocreatebuildingsthatcreatemoreenergythantheyuse,keep allstormwateronsite,eliminatetoxicmaterials,andcreateasustainableenvironmentfor peopletoliveandwork. Grants,assistanceandtaxcreditsoffsettwicethevalueofthe$700,000thecompanyspent ongreendesignelementsoftheirBreweryBlocksprojects. Thecompany?scondominiumproject,?TheHenry,?soldoutinrecordtimesatrecordhigh prices,despiteachallengingmarket.DennisWilde,SeniorProjectManager,estimates thatresidentswillsaveabout$600peryearinutilitiesthankstotheincorporationofgreen design. Costpremiumsaredecreasingastheircontractorsbecomemorefamiliarwithgreendesign. WildetoldOregonNaturalStep,?Wecouldn?thaveboughtallthePRthatthishasbrought us.We?vehadoneortwoarticlespublishedaboutusorourprojectseveryweekforthepast 34 twoyears.? NormThompsonwww.normthompson.com NormThompsonisanOregonbasedclothingandaccessorycatalogretailerwith threesalesdivisions.?In2002,NormThompsonwilldistributeapproximately80million catalogstoitsnationalcustomerbase.Annualrevenuesareapproaching$200million.The companyemploysapproximately675year-roundemployeesandanadditional1200duringthe 35 peakholidayseason.? In1995,theybuiltanewheadquartersinPortland,oneofthe?greenbuildings?inthe U.S.?Theaddedcostsofthebuilding?senvironmentalfeatureswerepaidoffinthe fouryearsbyenergysavings.Theseenergysavings,35%overOregoncode,nowcontribute 36 approximately$30,000peryeartothecompany?sbottomline.? Fromfallof1997toApril1999,TheNaturalSteptrainingmodelwasimplementedby topmanagement,thenandpresentedtoallemployees.Thefollowingeconomic 37 resultedfromtheseefforts: By2001,afterresearchwithEnvironmentalDefense?sAllianceforEnvironmental Innovationandworkingwithpapersuppliers,theywereabletoinclude10%post- consumerwastepaperinallcatalogsatthesamecostasusingvirginpaper. Byeliminatingtheuseofenvelopesforcatalogstonewrequestors,theysave$50,000/year. Byimplementingavoluntary?ShipallTogether?policywhenorderscontainmultiple productsandatleastoneisoutofstock,theysave$252,000annuallyaswellasover 30,000shippingboxesandassociatedmailingsupplies. They?veimplementedazero-wastegoal,whichreducedwasteattheir headquarterssiteby41%initsyear. Byprovidingeveryheadquartersemployeewithareusablemug,they?veeliminatedtheuse of120,000disposablecups/yearandseenasavingofalmost$10,000annually. ?Thecompanygoalistoreplaceallconventionallygrowncottonwithorganicallygrown cottonwithinyears.? Companiesinthissectionhavedivertedmorethan90%oftheirwastesandthuscanbe consideredtobeZeroWasteBusinesses(ordarnclose). Anheuser-Buschwww.anheuser-busch.com Theplantopenedin1976,employs485peopleandbrewsoverfourmillionbarrelsof beereachyear.ItisoneofthebreweriesintheUnitedStatestobeISO14001by theInternationalOrganizationofStandardization.Thefacilitysentover94,000tonsofspent graintocattlefeedalonein2001.Anadditional1,500tonsofaluminum,glass,cardboard,scrap metals,paper,computerpaper,phonebooks,plasticandglasssodabottles,aluminum cans,ink,oilandtonercartridgeswererecycled.Thefacilityalsodivertedsome220tonsof beechwoodchipstocompostingandrecoveredalmost970tonsofalcoholfromfermentation bottoms,wasteyeastandwastebeerforuseinfuelblending.Asaresult,thefacilityachieved a98%diversionratefromandincinerationin2001.DiatomaceousEarth,a agent,makesup85%oftheplant?smaterial.However,RobertWachter,ResidentEHS Manager,believeshewillhaveanagriculturaluseforthismaterialbytheendof2002,which shouldbringtheplanttoa99%plusdiversionrate. ThefacilityhasreceivednumerousawardsincludingrecognitionfromtheGovernor?sEconomic andEnvironmentalLeadershipAwardandthe2001?WRAPoftheYear?awardfromthe CaliforniaIntegratedWasteManagementBoard.FormoreinformationcontactRobertWachter, P.O.BoxAB,CA94533,bob.wachter@anheuser-busch.com. Frankie?sBohemianCafé,SanFrancisco,CA Frankie?s,alocalchainofthreerestaurants,hasbeenparticipatinginSanFrancisco?sorganics andrecyclablescollectionprogramforjustoveroneyear.Theyhaveseenadramaticincrease inrecyclingandreductionofdisposaltothesincetheprogram?sinception.Allthree restaurantsseparatetheirkitchen-prepfoodscraps,platescrapings,soiledpaper(e.g.,paper napkins),scrappaper,naturalproducebagsandthelikeforcompostcollection.Recyclable plastic,glassandmetalbeverageandproducecontainersarecommingledforrecycling. Cardboardiscollectedseparately.Therestaurantalsoself-haulsapproximately500poundsof usedfry-oiltoalocalfry-oilrecyclereachmonth.Whatremainsistorecycle-broken china,variousplasticsandcompositematerials.Frank,therestaurants?owner,saysthathis motivationtorecycleistwo-fold:tohelptheenvironmentandtoreducetheirgarbagebill.He?s happytohavesucceededindoingboth.FormoreinformationcontactFrankPazderka,1862 DivisaderoStreet,SanFrancisco,CA94115,415-710-3737. GreensRestaurantwww.greensrestaurant.com Greenswasfoundedin1973,employs87peopleandisoneofSanFrancisco?slongest establishedandwell-knowngourmetvegetarianrestaurants.AnnieSomerville,theexecutive chef,hasearnedanationalreputationforherimaginativevegetariandishes.Sheisalso committedtokeepingtherestaurant?swastetoaminimum.Therestauranthasthreerecycling dumpsters:oneforcardboard,newspaper,paperandothermixedpaper;asecondfor plasticandglassbottlesandjars;andathirdformetalbeverageandproducecans.Theseare collectedtwiceweekly.Inaddition,therestaurant40-galloncanswithkitchenscraps, platescrapings,unusableproduceandsoiledpapertwiceweekly.Halfofthesearecollected throughSanFrancisco?sgreenwastecollectionandrecyclingprogram.Theremainderis compostedattheGreenGulchorganicfarm,located20milesnorthofSanFrancisco,to helpgroworganicvegetablesthattheirwaybackintoGreens?tastyvegetarianmeals.The restaurantalsodonatestheirfreshbutunusedbreadandotherfoodstoFoodRunners,afood donationorganizationthatservestheneedy.Contact:AnnieSomerville,BuildingA,FortMason, SanFrancisco,CA94123,415-771-6222,www.greensrest.citysearch.com Larry?sMarketswww.larrysmarkets.com Larry?sMarketsinstitutedacompostingprogramin1996aspartoftheirplantorun environmentallyresponsiblestores.Thecompany?sstoresrecovered90%oftheirfood discards,sending750tonsoffood,andwaxedcardboardtocompostand120tonsofmeat productstorendering.Theireffortsrealizedanetsavingsofapproximately$41,000ayear. Source:TargetZeroCanadaathttp://www.targetzerocanada.org/. NewBelgiumBrewery,www.newbelgium.com/ FoundedinabasementbyJeffLebeschandKimJordanin1991,NewBelgiumBrewerynow producesover250,000barrelsofbeerannually,employs150peopleandisthe12thlargestcraft brewerintheU.S.Thecompanyendeavorstoinfuseenvironmentalmitigationintheentire brewingprocessandoutlinesthecompany?senvironmentalpoliciesintheir?StepstoBeing Green?guide.Thebrewerydiverts55,500lbs/dayinspentgraintodairycowfeedalone.Italso recyclesbottlesandcans,amberglass,cardboard,paperboard,mixedpaper,wood,plastic wrap,plasticwraprolls,plasticbags,Styrofoam,consumerbatteries,usedoil,computers,ink cartridgesandgallonplasticdrums.Cafeteriafoodwasteisvermi-compostedonsite.Itis exploringagriculturalmarketsforitsdiatomaceousearth(aagent).Thebrewery lessthanone30-yardcompactoroftrasheachmonth. Thebreweryalsocompletedconstructionofanonsitewatertreatmentfacilitythatshouldpay foritselfwithin5yearsthroughenergyproductionandreducedwaterdischargefees.Methane generatedduringtreatmentwillpoweracogenerationplanttoeasethebrewery?speakhour energyuse.TreatedwaterwillbepureenoughtobereleasedintotheCachelaPoudreRiver. Thecompanyplanstotreattheplant?ssludgeonits50-acresitethroughvermi-composting.This employeeownedcompanyalsopays2.5centsmoreperkWhtoensurethat100%ofitsenergy iswindgenerated.Theemployeeownersvotedtoreducetheirannualbonusestooffsetthe additionalcost.Thecompanyhaswonnumerousenvironmentalawards,includingColorado?s ofAchievementinPollutionPrevention,theEPA?sGreenPowerPartnership ?FoundingPartner?AwardandtheNorthFrontRangeSolidWasteActionGroup?sWaste SaversAward.?FatTire?isitsmostwidelysellingbeer.Formoreinformationcontact:Hillary Kaufman,SustainabilityGoddessandDonationsDeemer,500LindenStreet,FortCollins, Colorado80524,hkausman@newbelgium.com,970-221-0524,Toll-Free:888-NBB-4044. Scoma?sRestaurantwww.scomas.com/home.htm SanFrancisco,CA?Scoma?sisanawardwinning,family-ownedseafoodrestaurantlocatedon Pier47,intheheartofhistoricFisherman?sWharf,since1967.Itisthe13thhighestgrossing restaurantintheU.S.,servesanaverageof1,200customersperday(upto1,800duringhigh season)andemploys150people.Scoma?shasmadewastereductionandrecyclingpartofits employeetrainingandbusinessculture.ItenthusiasticallyparticipatesinSanFrancisco?sall foodandorganicsrecyclingprogrambyseparatingplatescrapings,kitchenscraps,unusable produce,meat,cheese,soiledpaperandpaperfordailycollectionand composting.paperiskeptseparateforrecycling.Therestaurantalsoencouragesreuseby allowinglocalvendorstocollectandreuseapproximatelytenpercentoftheircardboardboxes. Theremainderiscollecteddailyforrecycling.Theyalsorecycleallglass,metalandplastic beveragebottles;metalproducecans;glassbottlesandjars;andrecyclableplasticproduce bottles.Fryoiliscycledthroughasystemtoextenditsfreshnessandiseventually collectedbyacookingoilrecycler. Theirdailytrashintotwo96galloncontainersandconsistsprimarilyoftorecycle itemssuchasplasticwrap,jellpacks,plasticpackingribbons,Styrofoam,clotheshangers(from laundryservice),plasticstrawsandthelike.Therestauranthasrecyclingstationsstrategically locatedthroughouttherestaurantinprepareas,soileddisharea,serverstations,barand SteveScarabosio,therestaurant?sExecutiveChef,saystheirmotivationis,?todotherightthing andlowerourgarbagebill.Andwehopeourcompostwillhelpgrowgoodorganicproduce.? Scoma?spurchasesorganicproducewheneverviable,favorsbiodegradablecleaningproducts andavoidsthepurchaseoffarmraisedFormoreinformationcontact:SteveScarabosio, ExecutiveChef,Pier47,SanFrancisco,CA94133,415-771-4383,steve@scomas.com Vons-Safewaywww.Vons.com SouthernCaliforniaandSouthernNevadaDistrict?Thisretail,warehouseandmanufacturing districtincludes328storesand4distributionandmanufacturingfacilities.Thestoresand facilitieshaveimplementedanumberofsuccessfulsourcereductionandrecyclingprograms. Theseincludesuchtraditionalprogramsascardboardrecycling;meatandscraprendering andpalletrecycling.However,thecompanyhasgonebeyondthenormandhasimplemented anorganicscollectionandcompostingprogramforunusable/inedibleproduce,bread,wax- coatedcardboardboxes,non-reusablewoodpackingcratesandothercompostablematerials. Thecompanyalsocollectsandcompactsmixedplastics,suchassix-packrings,buckets, andbagsandshipsthemtoamixedplasticsrecycler.Inaddition,Vons-Safewayhasconverted muchoftheirwoodandcardboardshippingcratesandboxestoreusable,recyclableand sometimescollapsibleplasticcontainers.Theseareusedforshippingmilk,bread,watermelons andothergoodsfromtheirdistributioncenterstotheirstores.Thecompanyregularlydonates largevolumesofun-saleablebutediblebreads,cannedgoods,produceandotherfoodstuffs tonumerousfoodbanks.Vons-SafewayhasbeenafrequentwinneroftheCaliforniaWaste ReductionAwardsProgram(WRAP)award.FormoreinformationcontactCurtSmith, DistributionWarehouseManager,562-802-6311. FetzerVineyardswww.fetzer.com America?ssixthlargestpremiumwineproducerislocatedinHopland,California.Fetzerhas reduceditsgarbageby93percentinthelastsevenyears.Itsgoalistoachievezerowasteby 2009.Thewineryrecyclespaperandcardboard,cans,glassware,metals,antifreeze,pallets -evenitswinebarrels.Theycompost12cubicyardsofcorksand10,000tonsofgrapeseeds eachyear.Landscapingisbasedonzeriscapepractices.Contact:PatrickHealy,Environmental Coordinator:patrick_healy@b-f.com MadRiverBrewerywww.madriverbrewing.com MadRiverBreweryinBlueLake,CAcurrentlydiverts98%ofitsgarbagefromfrom its15,000squarefootfacility.Theyproducelessthantwo90-galloncansoftrashperweekand savedover$35,654in1998.Theyrecyclescrap,metals,glass,andpaper.Theycompost spentgrain&hops.Hopsarealsobroadcastonpastures.Grainisalsomadeintolivestock& poultryfeed.Theyrebuildandrecyclepallets.Constructionmaterialsarereused&salvaged. Theystorereusableson-site.Theytake-back6packcontainers.Theyreuseplasticmeshbacks fromgrainshippedinbydonatingthemtoacompostertopackagecompostandtoBollato makeintoreusableshoppingbags.Cellulosepadsandstafffoodscrapsarecompostedon site.PET&metalstrappingisrecycled.ShrinkwrapisdonatedtoMt.People?sWarehouse torecycle.Cardboardboxesarerecycled.Bottles,6packcontainers&cardboardaremadeof recycledmaterial.Evenpartofeveryone?sjobdescriptionistoreuse&recycle.Contact:Bob Ornelas,Box767,BlueLake,CA95525,707-269-0398,arcatacy@tidepool.com. Pillsburywww.pillsbury.com TheEdenPrairie,MNfacilitydivertsover96%ofwastegeneratedandtheChanhassenplant divertsover94%.PillsburyhasadoptedaZeroWastegoal.Overall,Pillsbury?smanufacturing facilitiesrecycledorreused83%ofallmanufacturingwastein1999,includingenough paperandcardboardtosave200,000trees,almost82milliongallonsofwater,andmorethan 48millionkWhofelectricity.Pillsburyincreasedrecycledcontentofitsfoldingcartonsfordry mixestoapproximately50%.Pillsbury?sdistributioncentersnowuserentedorrecycledshipping palletsforthemajorityofitsproducts.PillsburyhasadoptedaprincipleintheirEnvironmental Affairsprogramtoeliminatepotentiallyharmfuldischargesandemissionsintotheair,onto land,andintowater.Pillsburystrivestoimprovetheirwasteby10%eachyear.They estimatethattheysaveover$500,000peryearthroughtheseefforts.Contact:DottieShay, EnvironmentalHealth&SafetyManager,612-474-7444x7576,Dshay@Pillsbury.Com,www. pillsbury.com/about/successstories.asp#waste AppleComputerwww.apple.com Accordingtothe2000CaliforniaIntegratedWasteManagementBoardAwardsnewsrelease, theElkGrovemanufacturingplantrecycled91%,ornearly6,000tonsofwaste,inyear 1999.Theplantachievedthisresultbyformingacoreteamofemployeevolunteerstopromote recyclinganddiscoverwastereductionsolutions.Amongthematerialstheyhavebeenable tocapturearepaper,glass,cardboard,woodpalletsandpolystyrene.TheElkGrovefacilityis asix-timeWasteReductionAwardsProgram(WRAP)awardwinnerandcontinuestosearch forrecyclingandwastereductionopportunitiestoincreasetheirrecyclingrate.Formore informationcontactTamaraWeil-Hearon,PublicRelations,tamarawh@apple.com. Epson,Inc.www.epson.com Hillsboro,OR-ThisisthesoleU.S.manufacturingofJapan?sSeikoEpsonCorporation. Thereare2majorbuildings,with1,100employeesin392,000squarefeetofspaceon38acres ofland.Thisfacilitymanufacturesinkjetprinters,includingtheprinterassemblies,circuitboard assemblies,plasticinjectionmolding,manufacturingofinkcartridgesandwarehousing.The facilityachievedzerosolidwastetoinMarch,2000. Epsonreusesorrecycles90%oftheirmaterials,thendisposesoftherestoftheirwasteina waste-to-energy(WTE)facility.InFY2000,theyalsodecreasedtheoverallamountofmaterials wastedby36%.Theyrecyclethefollowingmaterialsattheirfacility:ABSplastic;Alcohol/Flux wastefrommanufacturing;AluminumCans;Batteries;BloodbornePathogenwaste;Cardboard OCC;CDs;Circuitboardscrap;Computerscrap;DryGarbage;GPPS(blacktraysfrom printerassembly);HIPS(black,randomandmixedpolystyrene);Inkcartridgesandtoner;Ink sludgefrominktreatment;InktreatmentresinLaminatedcopper;Lamps&Ballast; Magazines(manuals);Manufacturingequipment;Metal-(steel,tin);MetalSpecial(copper, brass,etc.);Mixedpaper(desksiderecycling);furniture;Packingmaterial(peanuts);PBT regrind(plastic?sblackregrind);Pinsontape;Plasticbags,andwraps;Polycarbonate(heat prooftrays);Polycarbonate(multicolorparts);Polypropylene(batterytrays,118whitetrays); Polypropylene(inkcartridges);Polystyrenefoam#6;Polystyrenetrays;Printercordsandcables; PurewaterresinPVCplastictrays,Mpatape,ICtubes;Solderdross;Solderscrap;Sorted whiteledger(printtestpaper);Usedoilandgreasefromkitchen;Usedoilfromcompressorsand moldmachines;Usedprinters/computer/electricalequipment;WetGarbage;Wood(pallets, scrap)YarddebrisPlastic Epsonestablishedgoalstoaccomplishby2004,thatincludezerohazardouswaste&VOC?s, 100%ofpurchases?environmentallygreen,?manufactureproductswithrecoveredorrecycled content,allpackaging>50%post-consumercontent,publication/promotionofenvironmental aspects,andagreenpurchasingprogramthatsurveyssuppliersforchemicaluse&EMSstatus. AnEMSwilleventuallyberequiredtoremainoursupplier.Formoreinformation,contact: GeorgeW.Lundberg,Environmental&SafetyEngineer,(503)617-5607,george.lundberg@ epi.epson.com. Hewlett-Packardwww.hp.com Hewlett-PackardinRoseville,CA(9,000employees)isdiverting92-95%ofitssolidwaste;saving almostamilliondollarsayearinavoidedwastedisposalcosts($870,564in1998).HPrecycles cardboard,metal,foam,plasticpeanuts,lowdensitypolyethyleneplastics(LDPE),Instapak, polystyreneplastics,andreusesandrecyclespallets.Contact:BillCoffee,SomersBuilding Maintenance(HPcontractor),916-785-7595. NUMMIwww.nummi.com Fremont,CA?TheNewUnitedMotorManufacturing,Inc.,aToyotaandGeneralMotors manufacturingjointventure,employs5,000peopleandmanufacturesapproximately 350,000ToyotaCorollas,TacomasandPontiacVibeseachyear.StewartRupp,Managerof EnvironmentalAffairs,saysthefacility?slongfocusonleanmanufacturinghasborneanumber ofsuccessfulwastereductionandrecyclingprograms.NUMMI?slargestsourcereductioneffort wastoencouragetheirpartssupplierstoswitchfromcardboardtoreusableshippingcontainers. Thereusablecontainersaremadeofcollapsibleandrecyclableplasticandare?reverse-shipped? tothevarioussuppliersofthe1,500automobilepartsusedinthemanufacturingprocess. NUMMIestimatesthattheysave$20milliondollarsperyearwiththisreuseprogramalone. Inaddition,theautomobilemanufacturingplantseparatesvariousmaterialsforrecycling, includingscrapmetal,cardboardandpallets.Theplasticpartsmanufacturingplant,which producesbumpersandothercomponents,recyclesallplasticscrapthroughalocalrecycler.The facilityalsohasanrecyclingprograminwhichemployeeshaveonlyaverysmallplastic bagfortheirtrashandalarger,rigidrecyclingbinfortheirmixedpaper.Thecompanyhas foundthatthisencouragesrecyclingandisconsideringeliminatingthetrashbagsalltogether. Employeeswouldthentaketheirtrashtocentrallylocatedtrashcontainers.Toensurethatas manyresourcesarecapturedaspossible,allofNUMMI?strashpassesthroughasmallmaterials recoveryfacility(?mini-MRF?)thatrecoversmetals,wood,cardboardandplasticThe remainingtrashprimarilyconsistsoftorecycleplastics,cafeteriawaste,compositesand othertorecycleitems. Finally,NUMMIsendsthesludgegeneratedfromtheiron-sitewatertreatmentplantto Nevadaforusebyacementplant.Thefacilityalsocuttheirhazardouschemicalusageby50% byreducingthetubediameterandlengthofpaintandotherchemicallines.Thisresultsin thereductionofhazardouswastewhenthevariouslinesarecleaned.Hazardoussolventsare recycledbyandrepurchasedfromRomicChemical,alocalhazardouswasterecyclingfacility,at atwotothree-foldcostsavingstothecompany.NUMMIisalsolookingatbiodegradableplastics forcafeteriause.NUMMIisarepeatCAWasteReductionAwardsProgram(WRAP)awards winner.FormoreinformationcontactStewartRupp,ManagerofEnvironmentalAffairs,srupp@ nummi.com. Regalewww.regale.com Napa,CA?Regaleisaninnovativepackagingcompanycreatingrecyclable,molded packagingsolutionsthatcanreplaceplasticbubblewrap,Styrofoam,traditionalsix-pack beveragecarriersandothertorecyclepackaging.Theyuseauniquemoldmaking processthatisremarkablycheaperandfastertoproducethantraditionalmolds,removing abarriertoentryfornewpackagingdesigns.AllofRegale?spackagingismanufactured usinglocallydiscarded,100%post-consumermixedpaperandcorrugatedcardboard.Their manufacturingprocessisvirtuallyaclosedsystemthathasnonegativeeffectsonthelocalsewage system,withtheonlybeingpulpandwater.Theonlybyproductsgenerated fromthemanufacturingprocessarecontaminantsscreenedfromthepost-consumerpapersuch asstaples,tape,andthelike.Thecontaminantsareequivalentto1%ofthewastepaperreceived fromthelocaltransferstation. Thecompanyemploys15people,hasbeenintheresearch,developmentandpatentingphase forthepast7yearsandhasregisteredtwenty-oneU.S.patents.Itbeganproducingproductin May2002andlistsLibbyGlass,ShalomWineGroup,NikeandNestlesamongtheirclients. Thecompanyplanstoinitiatefull-scaleoperationsinNovember2002.Contact:GregGale, President,2545NapaValleyCorporateDrive,Napa,CA94558.Telephone:707-252-7420,Fax: 707-252-4818,info@regale.com, Collins&Aikmanwww.collinsaikman.com Collins&Aikman,Dalton,GA?Sentzeromanufacturingwastetoin1998. Implementedwasteminimizationprogramsandenergyprogramsthatoverthepast fouryears(1998)haveallowedthemtoincreaseproduction300%,lowerallcorporatewaste80% andusenomoreenergythanwhattheydidfouryearsago.(ref.PhilBailey,9/11/98,personal communication).Contact:DobbinCallahan,800-241-4902x2309,mresearch@aol.com Interface,Inc.www.interfaceinc.com $1billioncarpetsalesin1996.In1999,4of16manufacturingfacilitiesdivertedmorethan 90%oftheirwastefromSeveralothersareinthe80%range.Since1994,Interfacehas eliminatedmorethan$90millioninwaste. Interfacehaspioneered,amongotherthings,the?EvergreenLease,?givingthecompanyand itscustomerseconomicincentivestotakebackoldcarpetsandrecyclethem,whileassuring customersofclean,attractivecarpets.Interfaceisreexaminingitssourcesofwasteandcreating waystoreduceandeliminatethem.It?sredesigningandrethinkingproductssothatitcan delivermorewithless.It?sreengineeringproductionprocessestoreduceresourceconsumption. Ifpartofaprocessorproductdoesn?taddvalue,iteliminatesit.Andthatphilosophygoes beyondmanufacturing.Itsaimiszerowasteineverydiscipline,fromaccountingtosalesto humanresources. Interfacealsorecentlyintroduceditsbiodegradablecarpettile,theofitskindthat replacespetroleum-basednylonwithfromcorn.InterfacehasaReEntryprogram,that willreclaimexistingcarpettileorbroadloomandeitherrecycle,downcycle,orrepurpose it.Interfaceguaranteesthatoldcarpettheycollect(theirsorcompetitors)won?tendupina Contact:BuddyHay,Buddy.Hay@interfaceinc.comorRevaRevis,312-961-9067,Reva. Revis@interfaceinc.com XeroxCorpwww.xerox.com Rochester,NY?Sincetheearly1990s,XeroxadoptedWaste-FreeFactoryenvironmental performancegoals.TheWaste-FreeFactorycriteriaincludereductionsinwaste, emissions,andenergyconsumption,andincreasedrecycling.In1998,worldwidenon-hazardous solidwasterecyclingratesreached88%andsavingsamountedto$45million. In1998,Xeroxsetenvironmentalrequirementsforitssuppliersworldwide,todesignproducts thataredurableandreusable,infactoriesthatmakedramaticreductionsinair,water,and solidwaste.Xeroxisaskingalloftheirfacilitiesandsupplierstoachievea90%reductionin allemissionsfroma1990baseline.In1999,arevisionoftheWaste-FreeFactorycriteriawill increasefocusonreducingwastegeneration.Contact:AnneSlocum,Anne.Slocum@usa.xerox. comorJackAzar,Jack_Azar@wb.xerox.com,716-422-9266. PlayaVistaProject,LosAngeles,CA ThePlayaVistaProjectisamajordevelopmentofanewcommunityonaformerHoward Hughesaircraftplantsite,northofLosAngelesairport.ThePlayaVistamasterdevelopers arecurrentlydeveloping3,000homesandanewentertainment,mediaandtechnology centeron1,086acres.Theyrenovatedandreusedhalfofthe22majorstructureson-site(11 historicbuildings)anddemolishedtheremaining1.2millionsquarefeet.PlayaVistaworked withtheCityofLosAngelestoincorporatetheCity?smodelrecyclingintothe decommissioningcontractpartlyinresponsetoaCityEIRmitigationmeasure requiringtheProjecttomeetalltheCity?srecyclinggoals(theCityofLAhasagoaltorecycle 70%ofallwastesintheCityby2020).Thoserequiredthedecommissioning contractortoprepareaSolidResourcesManagementPlan,depositconcreteandasphaltonsite, grindwoodandgreenwasteonsite,andseparatematerialsforoffsiterecycling. Thankstothiscarefulplanning,84,035tonsofrecyclableswererecovered,fully92%ofall materialsgeneratedfromdemolitiononsite,including:scrapmetals,wood,drywall.Ceramics, glass,corrugatedcardboard,concreteandasphalt.Materialscrushedon-sitesavedthousands oftrucktrips(andrelatedairpollution)andsaved$2millionfortheProject.TheProjectused bothsource-separatedbinsinsomelocations,andcommingledrecyclingbinsinotherlocations, dependingonthematerialsinvolvedandnatureofactivitiesunderway.Carefulattentionwas paidtoon-sitebuildereducationprogramsandcoordinationwithbuildersonthelocationand frequencyofservicerequiredforallbins.Theprojectalsodiverted92%ofallconstruction debrisduringthephaseofconstructionactivitiesof1,600residentialunitsand425,000SF ofFormoreinformation,contactCatherineTyrrell,EnvironmentalAffairsDirector, PlayaVista,.12555WestJeffersonBoulevard,Suite300,LosAngeles,CA90066,310-822-0074, CTyrrell@PlayaVista.com SanDiegoWildAnimalParkwww.sandiegozoo.org SanDiegoWildAnimalPark,SanDiego,California,workstopreserveendangeredplants andanimalsandtheirhabitats.Theparkreducesuseofnaturalresourcesderivedfromwild areassuchastrees,minedoreandwater.Staffpracticeswiseuseofsupplies,recycling containersandpaperproducts,andcomposthugeamountsoforganicwastes.Parkvisitors areencouragedtouserecyclingcontainerslocatedthroughoutthefacility.Wastedisposedat representsonly4%ofthePark?swastestreamandsavesover$1millionannuallyin tippingandhaulingfees.Source:TargetZeroCanadaathttp://www.targetzerocanada.org/. YostPrinter&Lithographers,Monrovia,CA Yostprinterswasfoundedin1932andhasalwaysminimizedwaste.DarrellYost,thecompany?s owner,saysreuseandrecyclingisaprintingbusinesstraditionthatsavesmoney.Asaresult, thecompanyrecyclesallofitspaperscraps,trimmings,andprintingspoilage;separatesits newspaper,bottlesandcansfordonationtoalocalchurch;anddonates81/2x11sized trimmingscraptochurches,schools,andPackingcartonsfromvendorsarereused in-houseandthecompanyencouragestheirrepeatcustomerstoreturntheircartonsforreuse. Thecompanyalsoreusescraftpaperpackagingfromreceivedshipmentstocushiontheir ownproductduringpacking.Palletsareeitherreturnedtopapersuppliersorreusedinhouse. Aluminumprintingplatesarealsorecycled.Theonlyitemsleftinthetrashareoddsandends likeusedpackingtape,windowenvelopes,conveniencestorecupsandother items.YostPrintershasbeenarepeatrecipientoftheCaliforniaWasteReductionAwards Program(WRAP)awards.InSeptember2002,thecompanywillmergewithTheProcessors, anotherprogressiveprintingshop,whereDarrellsaysthereuseandrecyclingtraditionwill continue.Formoreinformationcontact:DarrellYost,132EastLemonAvenue,Monrovia,CA 91017.Telephone:626-359-5325. BatteryCouncilInternationalwww.batterycouncil.org BatteryCouncilInternational(BCI)reportedintheJune19,2000editionofWasteNewsthat theaverageannualrecyclingratefortheleadinlead-acidbatteriesisnow94.6percent.The lead-acidbatteryindustryhasbeenrecyclingitsproductsformorethan70years,andtoday operatesaninfrastructureofretailersandserviceprovidersthatcollectspentbatteriesfrom customers.Thesametrucksthatdelivernewbatteriespickupthespentbatteriesfordelivery tosecondaryleadsmelters.Consumer,commercialandindustrialusersturninspentbatteries forrecyclingwhentheybuynewbatteries.Theleadandplasticfromspentbatteriesisusedto producenewbatteries.Therecoveredsulfuricacidelectrolytealsocanbeusedasnewproduct, orneutralized.BCIisaassociationthatconductseducationcampaigns.BCIhas draftedmodelrecyclinglawsthathavebeenadoptedby37states,whichprohibitdisposaland requireretailcollectionofspentbatteries.Contact:RonaldPogue,BCI,401NorthMichigan Avenue,Chicago,Illinois60611,312-644-6610,Fax:312/321-6869,info@batterycouncil.org. ZankerRoadwww.z-best.com/ZMPF/ SanJose,CA?Zankerhashadanoveralldiversionrateofmorethan90%forthepast years.ZankerownsandoperatesthreemajorrecyclingandcompostingfacilitiesintheSanJose area.Currentlyupto2,000tonsperdayarereceivedattheZankerRoadfacilities,of alltypesofmaterials.Zankercurrentlyprocessesandmarketsyardwasteandcompost,wood waste,cardboard,gypsum,concrete,cleanandmixeddemolitiondebris,metalandbulkyitems. ThematerialproducedfromtheC&Dprocessingissoldmostlytoconstructionandpaving contractorsasClassIIaggregateandengineeredWoodissoldasbiomassfuelandsoil amendments.Metalsareseparatedandsoldbycategoriesoftin,#2unpreparedsteel,copper, brassandaluminum.Zankermarketsitsorganicsproductstoover170customersand hasmoredemandforitsproductsthanitproduces. Thefollowingcitiesareexamplesofmunicipalgovernmentsthathavedevelopedinternal sustainabilityunitsordepartments. www.sustainableportland.org ConductaGooglesearchforsustainable?andPortland?sOSDisatthetopofthelist. IfyougototheCityofPortlandwebsite,itisalsolistedonthehomepageunderthe ?City:Agencies?menuasSustainableDevelopment.Youimmediatelyaredirectedtoacentral sourcethatprovidesawealthofinformationonsustainableactivityinthePortlandMetroarea. OneofthemostimportantfeaturesIfoundisthePortlandLEEDGuide??thecountry?s supplementalguidetotheUSGBCnationalstandards,?thatenhancesUSGBCbylocalizing LEEDstandardstoPortlandregulationsandstandards,providingpre-approvedinnovation creditsandgatheringzoningandcoderegulationsrelevanttogreenbuildingintoacentralized resource. WhenyoureachtheOSDwebsite,italmostseemslikeaseparateentitywithintheCityof Portland?smunicipalgovernment.Thatis,thewebsiteisuniqueinitslookandfeelfromtherest ofCityweboperations.It?sclearthatthecommitmentistosustainabilityandthisisoneofthe primaryplacestoanswersforthePortlandarea. Organizationofthewebsiteisdividedintoseveraldistinctsections.ThereareOSD activitiesthatincludeaccesstopressannouncements,publicationsandreports,anevents calendar,howtocontactthemandtheirmissionstatementandgoals.Nextthereisquick easyaccesstosomeofthemostrelevantsubjectsandcitydepartments?energydivision, recycling&wastemanagement,greenbuildingandsustainabletechnologiesandpractices. Theireffortsinclude: providesinformationonconservationopportunitiesforbusiness,residential andgovernmentusers. isthewastemanagementdivisionandthefocusisa sustainableresponse.Thereisinformationaboutrates,locations,how-to,everythingyou needtoknowaboutgettingridofwasteinthemostenvironmentallysoundway. isoneofthehighlightswithextensiveresourcesforresidentialand commercialusersincludingcasestudies,thePortlandLEEDguide,aresourcecenter withresearch,softwaretools,how-toinformation,programdescriptionsandmuchmore. iswheretoinformationaboutbenchmarks,city awardprograms,theSustainableDevelopmentCommission(SDC)andbroaderissues. Thisappearstobetheplacetolocateinfoontheworkthatdrivessustainabilityissues throughtheSDC,FoodPolicyCouncil,infoonGlobalWarmingandBenchmarking. www.cityofberkeley.info/sustainable Berkeleyalsoseemstohaveaverydedicatedtosustainabledevelopment.Formedinthe 1980sthroughamergeroftheEnergyandtheSustainableDevelopmentInitiativeofthe ofEconomicDevelopment.Coordinatedeffortsfocusonresourcepollution reduction,stimulatinggreenbuildingandgreenpurchasingforresidentsandbusinesses. Theyhaveaveryeasytonavigatewebsitewhereyoucaninformationgeared towardresidents,businesses,governmentactivityandasectionofitsownforgreenbuilding. Somehighlightsoftheirprograminclude: ?afreeprogramthehelpsbusinessescomply withenvironmentalregulationsandgobeyondtoimplement?bestenvironmental practices.?Theyalsoprovideaccesstoanenvironmentaltohelp companiescompletetheprocessandmuchmore. TheGovernmentlinkprovidesquickaccesstosustainabilityrelatedpoliciesalong withActionPlansandSuccessStories,includinginformationregardingthecity?s ResidentialorCommercialEnergyConservationOrdinancesthatrequiresresidences orbusinessessold,transferredorrenovatedforatotalof$50,000ormoretomeetenergy conservationstandards. Overall,itisawell-organizedwebsiteforwhatappearstobeanactivepromotingand incorporatingsustainablepracticesthroughoutthecommunityandcityoperations. http://seattle.gov/environment/ Relativelyeasyaccessfromasearchenginesustainability)andaone-clicktripfromthe CityofSeattlehomepage,listedunderthecity?sdepartmentaldropdownmenu.Theyhavea lotofhelpfulinformationbutmuchofitappearstobegearedtothebasicsoreffortsunderway bytheCityofSeattle?climatechange,cleanair,how-toguidesandaresourcedirectory.At glancemuchoftheinformationseemsgearedtowardinformingaboutwhat?sbeingdone, comparedtoactivelyengagingcitizenstoactfurther.Asyougodeeperintothelayersthough, youmorepracticaluseableinformationthatengagescitizensintheprocessofsustainability comparedtoinformingsimplyabouttheof,oransweringthequestionwhatis sustainability,butyouneedtodig.Someofthehighlightsinclude: ?Thissectionoutlinesthegoalsoftheprogramandprogressthat theyhavemadesofar.Itincludesmanyreportsontheprogrampolicyanddevelopment, thepesticideproductreviewprocess,pilotprojectsandgeneralinformationwith newslettersandbrochures. ?Thissectionisanoutgrowthofaregionalforum convenedinMay2004,withrepresentativesfromVancouver,SeattleandPortlandto shareawarenessofactivitiesandprogramsinplaceanddiscussandidentifytechnicaland implementationissues.Throughcoordinatedregionalinformationsharing,theyplanto applysustainabilityprinciplestothenextstageofSeattle?sinfrastructuredevelopment. It?sfromtheSustainableInfrastructure/Buildingpagethatyou?llalinktotheSeattle SustainableBuildingwebsite,aprojectoftheGreenBuildingTeamlocatedwithinthe DepartmentofPlanningandDevelopmentwhoseeffortsaregearedtomaking?greenbuilding standardpracticeinSeattle.?Thisseemslikeanextremelyimportantelementofexpanding sustainablepracticesinacommunitybutittakessomededicatedefforttothemostcurrent informationoutliningcityeffortsasof2006.Asthisworkinprogressdevelops,hopefullythis kindofinformationwillcomemoretotheforefront. http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/html/ddcgreen/ TheOSDwasformedin1997afterestablishmentoftheDepartmentofDesignand Construction(DDC).MoreafterpassageofLocalLaw86inOctober2005,that mandatesLEEDstandardsformostmunicipalconstruction,theirrolehasbeenpropelled tohelppractitionersintheofbuildingdesignandconstructionnavigatethewhy,how, andwhat?sbeingdonequestionsthatresult.ThisparticularDDCwebsitewasestablished ?todisseminateinformationandprovideresourcesforitsmanagers,consultants,andclient agencies.Sincesustainabledesignissucharapidlyevolvingtechnicaldiscipline,bylocating thisinformationontheWebindownloadableformat,theofSustainableDesign(OSD) seekstoeasethetransitiontosustainablebuildingatDDC.?Thisprimaryobjectiveis sustainabledesignandconstructionsotheredoesn?tappeartobemuchelseinregardstoother sustainablepracticeslikerecyclingorfoodpolicyatthistime. TheGreenMapofOaklandisatooltoadvertisebusinesses,organizations,andinstitutions thatarepursuingsustainabledevelopment(SD)andcontributingtotheevolutionofOakland asasustainablecommunity.TheGreenMapispartofastrategicplanformoresustainable economicdevelopmentthroughoutthisBayAreaurbanmetropolis.Threelevelsofparticipation include: Institutionsthattheirapproachby 1) a.Adoptingagoalofsustainabledevelopment, b.SDfortheiruniquesituation, c.Establishastrategytomeettheirgoal,& d.UsetheGreenMaptopromotetheirproductsandservices,informthepublicand periodicallyreportprogress. InstitutionsthatutilizeoneormorebroadlyrecognizedsystemsofSD,e.g.CERES 2) principlesortheNaturalStepaswellasusetheGreenMaptopromotetheirproducts andservices,informthepubliconsystem(s)theyuseandperiodicallyreportprogress. Institutionsbyoneormoreindependentcertifyingagencies,e.g.ISO14000or 3) theAlamedaGreenBusinessProgramandusetheGreenMaptopromote theirproductsandservicesanddescribetheprocesstheyuse. ?Anine-month,specializedtrainingprogram,designedtoenablegraduatestoadviseemployers orclientsonstrategiesandtoolsforimplementingsustainablebuilding,?availablethrough SeattleCentralCommunityCollege.ContactKathleenO?Brienat206-842-8995. http://www.cityofseattle.net/light/conserve/sustainability/cv5_scc.htm ?TheCityofSantaMonicaisofferingbothexpeditedplanchecks GreenBuildingIncentives: ® andincentivesforbuildingsregisteredforundertheLEEDGreen ® BuildingRatingSystem?.?AnyprojectthatregistersforLEEDandprovides properdocumentationwillbegivenpriorityforplanchecksinSantaMonica.Buildings eligibleforexpeditedpermitsarealsoeligibleforgrantsof$20,000to$35,000(dependingon ® thelevelofLEEDSeptember27,2005PressRelease;?SantaMonicaOffers IncentivestoBuildGreen?;http://santa-monica.org/epd/ originallyadoptedtheSustainableCityProgramin1994;conducted SustainableCityPlan: acomprehensivereviewin2001;adoptedtheSustainableCityPlaninFeb.2003?founded on9GuidingPrinciplesfordecisionmakingandincludes8keyGoalAreas.Forbackground informationincludinggoals,indicators,targetsandanIndicatorMatrix,see http://santa-monica.org/epd/scp/index.htm. EcologyAction:?EcologyActionisaenvironmentalconsultancydeliveringcutting edgeeducationservices,technicalassistance,andprogramimplementationforinitiativesthat assistindividuals,businessandgovernmenttomaximizeenvironmentalqualityandcommunity wellbeing.? Workingcloselywithlocalareabusinessesandgovernments,theirprogramsinclude: BusinessWasteReduction:PackagingOrdinance,WasteAuditorTraining,WasteAssessment &RecommendationServices(usingsoftwaretogeneratedetailedreportsoutliningintegrated recommendations); GreenBuilding(GB):MaterialsKiosksatCity&CountyPlanningDepartments,GB MaterialGuides(online&PDFversions) GreenBusinessProgram?seeMontereyBayAreaGreenBusinessProgrambelow ProMaxMaterialsExchange:Matcheswastematerialproducerswithre-users RightLightsEnergyProgram-providespublicly-fundedlightingupgradesand freeexpertassistancetosmalltomediumsizedbusinessestohelplowerenergybillsand boostcashfundedbyCaliforniaratepayersundertheauspicesoftheCalifornia PublicUtilitiesCommission. SmartRinseEnergyProgram?Forrestaurants&largekitchens,replacesdish pre-rinsesprayerswithafree,new,high-velocitysprayvalve;fundedby CaliforniaratepayersundertheauspicesoftheCaliforniaPublicUtilitiesCommission. ?Asuccessfulpartnershipofenvironmentalagencies,utilitiesandorganizations thatassist,recognizeandpromotebusinessesandgovernmentagenciesthatvolunteerto operateinamoreenvironmentallyresponsibleway.Tobe?green,?participantsmust beincompliancewithallregulationsandmeetprogramstandardsforconservingresources, preventingpollutionandminimizingwaste.Weoffermotivatedbusinessesandagenciesaneasy- to-useframeworkforimprovingenvironmentalperformance.? http://www.montereybaygreenbusiness.org/ SustainableQualityAlliance:a501(c)3runbyTheCenterforSustainableBusinessPractices, NetworkingandEducation,co-sponsoredbyareaChambersofCommerce,theAmerican SocietyforQuality,theSmallBusinessDevelopmentCenter,CountyofSantaCruzand AssociationofMontereyBayAreaGovernments.http://www.ecoquality.com/sqa/ AvolunteercitizenscommitteeappointedbytheCityCouncil?Toadviseonissuesthatrelate tosustainabledevelopment.OurroleinthecommunityistopromotethePrinciplesand ObjectivesofSustainableDevelopmentandtoadviseandassistCityHallstaffandCityCouncil membersontheseissues.Wedothisbyorganizingconferencesandworkshops,submitting positionpaperstoCouncilandproducingvideos.? http://cms.burlington.ca/English/Sustainable-Development-Committee.html ?TheVermontBusinessEnvironmentalPartnershipisavoluntary,environmentalassistanceand businessrecognitionprogramofferedbytheEnvironmentalAssistanceoftheVermont DepartmentofEnvironmentalConservationandtheVermontSmallBusinessDevelopment Center.ThePartnershipjoinseffortsofthepublicandprivatesectorstoachieveenvironmental andeconomicgoalssimultaneously.ThegoalsofthePartnershiparetoachievegreater environmentalandeconomicperformanceandtopromotepublicrecognitionofenvironmental excellence.FundingfortheinitiativewasmadepossiblebyagrantfromtheU.S.EPA.? http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/ead/vbep/list.htm EnactedbythestateofVermont,aentitywasincorporatedtosupportthestart-upand expansionofsmallbusinessesandmicro-businesssectorsinpartbyproviding: Increasedresourcestofundexistingprogramsforthestart-upandexpansion A) ofsmallbusinesses,includingrevolvingloanprograms,peerlendingprograms, technicalassistanceprogramsandmarketingprograms. Capitalaccesstothosebusinessestoolargeortoosmalltoobtainfundsfromexisting B) programs. Anorganizationdesignedtocoordinatetheleveragingoffederal,state,localand C) privateresourcesandtostimulatethedevelopmentofpublic-privatepartnerships. Anincreasedarrayofeconomicdevelopmenttools,includingmanufacturing D) networks,sectoraldevelopmentandproductdevelopmentfunds. FundingforeligibleactivitiesasrecommendedintheVermonteconomicprogress E) council10-yearplan. Professionalevaluationandaccountabilityoffundedeconomicdevelopmentactivities. F) Coordinationbetweenthestate?seconomicdevelopmentandenvironmental G) protectionpolicies. Initiallyfundedwithstatefunds,theVSJFnowraisespublicandprivatetoprovide grantsforBusinessAssistance,MarketDevelopment,CommunityandNetworkBuilding. http://www.vsjf.org/ Linksto18CaseStudiesofEIPsandotherresourcesincludingfunding(seenextitem), technicalassistancetoolsandmore.http://gei.ucsc.edu/eco-industrial_parks.html ?TheEco-IndustrialPark(EIP)conceptisonethatencompassesboththeeconomyand theenvironmentbybringingtogetherdifferentsectorsofindustrytoworktowardan environmentallysoundindustrialpark.Incooperativeeffortssaveenergy,reduceindustrial waste,andincreaseresourcetherebyaidingtheenvironmentandreducingcostsin thelongrun.? A20+membertaskforcemetforfourmonthsstartingin2004(andtheirworkwasextendedfor a2-yearperiodin2005.)A41-pagedocumentoutlineskeythemes,strategies,tactics,business clusters,benchmarksandrecommendationsforsustainableeconomicdevelopmentinFt. Collins.OneinitiativeincludedtheEconomicandCommunitySustainabilityFund??The CityofFortCollinsEconomicVitalityandCommunitySustainability(EVCS)fundwasinitially formedbyCityCouncilResolution2004-006andformallyestablishedbyadoptionofCity CouncilResolution2004-046.Theproceedsforthisfundarederivedfromareductioninthe administrativefeethatvendorsretainforperformingCitysalestaxcollections.Thesefundsare tobeexpendedforpurposesrelatedtotheeconomichealthofourcommunity.? Formoredetail,seetheReportandRecommendationsathttp://www.ci.fort-collins.co.us/ economicvitality/purpose2.php SMUDhasteamedupwithhomebuilderstoofferhomesthatfeaturethelatestinenergy equipment,tighterbuildingstandards,androof-integratedsolarsystemstogenerate electricity. ThegovernorsofMinnesotaandWisconsinhavesignednewexecutiveordersrequiringtheir stategovernmentstousemorerenewablefuelsintheirvehicles.WisconsinGovernorJim Doyletookahardline,requiringallstateagenciestoreducetheuseofgasolineinstate-owned vehiclesby20percentby2010andby50percentby2015,whilereducingtheuseofdiesel fuelby10percentby2010and25percentby2015.Theorderrequiresanawarenesscampaign forrenewablefuelsanddirectsappropriatestateagenciestoactivelypursuetheestablishment ofrenewablefuelpumpsatretailoutlets.MinnesotaGovernorTimPawlentyalsorequired stateagenciestohelpstrengthenthestate?srenewablefuelinfrastructure,andrequiredall stateemployeestouseE85(ablendof85percentethanoland15percentgasoline)whenever practicalwhenrefuelingthestate?soffuelvehicles. FulltextofExecutiveordersavailableat: http://www.governor.state.mn.us/Tpaw_View_Article.asp?artid=1779and http://www.wisgov.state.wi.us/journal_media_detail.asp?locid=19&prid=1781 :1)14-104:Theuseofsolarenergy SolarCodesandOrdinances Solar Access Provision collectorsforthepurposeofprovidingenergyforheatingand/orcoolingisapermitteduse withinallzonedistricts,whetherasapartofastructureorincidentaltoagroupofstructuresin thenearbyvicinity?;2)4-105:Whenasolarenergycollectionsystem Solar Access Requirements isinstalledonalot,accessorystructuresorvegetationonanabuttinglotshallnotbelocatedso astoblockthesolarcollectors? 14-108:Itisrecognizedthat Unconventional and Earth Sheltered Housing Encouraged innovativehousingdesignsappearfromtimetotimethatencourageenergyconservation,create welcomediversityinthecommunity,andwhichwillappealtohomebuildersandbuyers.It istheintentofthisordinance,throughtheprovisionsoftheSpecialUsePermitandvariance procedurescontainedherein,torecognizeandencouragecreative,andwell-designed housingofinnovativevarieties.[Note:thisincludesstrawbaleandearth-sheltereddesigns]. 1)Citizensshoulduseenergyequipmentwherever RecommendedProcedures: reasonablypractical,includingenergymotors,processes,lighting,anddaylighting, passivesolar,solarwaterheaters,geothermal,biomass,loadmanagement,photovoltaics,district heatingandcogeneration.2)Citizensshouldorientbothnewconstructionandrelocated buildingstomaximizethesolarthattheyorfuturegenerationsmayobtain.3)In constructingnewhomesinNewPattonsburg,citizensshould(i)makemaximumuseof daylighting,(ii)useroofcolorsthatdecreasecoolingneeds,(iii)landscapetomaximizesolarand windand(iv)useenergylightingthroughoutthehouse.4)Citizensshoulduse vinesandtrellisestoshadeoutdoorcoolingunitsandthesouthernexposureofbuildings. Availableat:http://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/codes/solar.shtml :Establishesenergyperformancestandards Solar access, thermal performance and solar heating fornewbuilding,includingarequirementthatnon-residentialbuildingsreceiveaminimumof 50percentoftheirheatingfromsolarenergy. http://freshstart.ncat.org/case/soldiers.htm ThispublicationfromtheLocalGovernmentCommissioncompilesresearchofmorethan150 ?smartgrowth?zoningcodesfromacrossthenation.Thisguidebookwillhelpplannersdesign azoningcodethatencouragestheconstructionofwalkable,mixeduseneighborhoodsandthe revitalizationofexistingplaces.Anexecutivesummary, Overcoming Obstacles to Smart Growth ,isavailableonlineat: through Code Reform http://www.lgc.org/freepub/PDF/Land_Use/sg_code_exec_summary.pdf SantaMonicahasadoptedasetofGuidelinesto City of Santa Monica Building Guidelines: facilitategreenbuildingswithoutforcingexcessivecostsondevelopers,owners,oroccupants. Twoperformance-basedordinancesimprovetheenvironmentalandresourceperformanceof buildingsbyrequiringreducedenergyconsumptionandreducedrunoff. Availableat:http://greenbuildings.santa-monica.org/ 1996BurlingtonMunicipalDevelopmentPlan-Burlington?sMunicipalDevelopmentPlan presentsavisionforlanduseanddevelopmentoverthenexttentotwentyyearperiod.Itwill preparethecityforgrowth,providesareliablebasisforpublicandprivateinvestment,andwill guidethecityintothecentury. Anextensive160-pagedocumentthatprovidesbackground,guidingprinciplesfordecision- making,policiesandsupportingactionplansfordiverseareasofcommunitydevelopment including:landuse,naturalenvironment,building,historicpreservation,andtransportation planning,economicdevelopment,communityfacilitiesandinfrastructure,energyuse,housing, andeducation.Fullplanavailableat: http://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/pubs/burlington/index2.shtml ThepolicyrequirestheCitytoincorporategreenbuildingprinciplesandpracticesintothe design,construction,andoperationofallCityfacilities,andtoevaluatealllandpurchasesfor futuredevelopmentonthebasisofreducingenvironmentalimpacts. http://www.ecocitycleveland.org/ecologicaldesign/greenbuilding/lakewood_green_code.html ThisordinancerequiresallnewlyconstructedcountyfacilitiestobebuilttotheLEEDsilver standardof Availableat:http://www.cookctyclerk.com/agendas/2001/020601/ordinance.htm BerkeleyFoodPolicy,adoptedSept.2001:?TheFoodPolicywillbringfresh,localandorganic foodstotheinstitutionalfoodprogramsrunbytheCity.ThePolicywillalsosupportactivities thatcontributetohealthfuleatingpatternsforCityresidentsandsupportsmallscale,regional sustainableagriculture.?Pressreleaseavailableat: http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/news/2001/09sep01/092801food.html ?ThepurposeoftheCityofBerkeleyFoodandNutritionPolicyistohelpbuildamore completelocalfoodsystembasedonsustainableregionalagriculturethatfostersthelocal economyandassuresthatallpeopleofBerkeleyhaveaccesstohealthy,affordable,and culturallyappropriatefood.?FromExhibitA,draftproposal: www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/publichealth/chronicdisease/food-policy-exhibit-a925.pdf BerkeleySchoolDistrictFoodPolicy:AdoptedNov.17,2004,newpolicyintegrates organicfoodpurchasing,supportforlocal,sustainableagricultureandprohibitsthesale ofcandy,sodas,cookiesandsweetsatschoolsponsoredeventsandfundraisingevents,among othermeasures.Fulltextofpolicyavailableat: www.berkeley.k12.ca.us/docs/food/FoodPolicy.doc EnergyPerformanceStandards.Establishesminimumenergyperformancestandardsforcounty buildings.http://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/codes/energy.shtml CityCounciladoptedtheSustainableDevelopmentInitiative SustainableDesignGuide: inlate1998thatgaveCitystaffamandatetodevelopguidelinesandcriteriaforsustainable developmentthatcouldbeappliedtoCity-fundedprojects,facilities,andactivities. TheDesignGuideis,?Adesigntoolthatcanbeusedtooverlayenvironmentalissuesonthe design,construction,andoperationofbothnewandrenovatedfacilities.Itcanbeusedto setsustainabledesignprioritiesandgoals;developappropriatesustainabledesignstrategies; andtodetermineperformancemeasurestoguidethesustainabledesignanddecision-making processes.Itcanalsobeusedasamanagementtooltoorganizeandstructureenvironmental concernsduringthedesign,construction,andoperationsphases.? Contact:FerialMosley,fmosley@oaklandnet.com;www.oaklandpw.com/Page46.aspx AdoptedApril26,2005;it?requiresallCityBuildingprojectsthat GreenBuildingOrdinance: equalorexceed$3millioninconstructioncoststomeetaminimumSilverratingunderthe LEEDratingsystem,andbesobytheUSGBC.? http://bpc.iserver.net/codes/oakland/_DATA/TITLE15/Chapter_15_35_GREEN_BUILDING_ R.html MayorBrownsetagoalof15percentenergydemandreductionsinCity Energy buildings.AccordingtorecentenergyreportsmanyCityfacilitieshaveachievedorexceededthe Mayor?s15percentgoal.Somefacilitiesreducedbyupto77percent! http://www.oaklandpw.com/Page249.aspx CityBuildings,1999:CreatesaBuildingProgram andestablishesresourcerequirementsforcity-ownedfacilitiesandcityleaseholds. Availableat:www.sfenvironment.com/facts/resource_bldg.htm MayorGregNickelslaunchedtheUSMayorsClimateProtectionAgreementinFeb.2005;by March9,2006almost212Mayorshadagreed??toworktowardtheglobalwarmingpollution- cuttinggoalsoftheKyotoProtocolintheircommunities,andtoactivelypromotestrongclimate protectionpoliciesatthestateandfederallevels.?http://www.seattle.gov/mayor/climate/ ?ThepurposeoftheCitywidepolicyon Sustainable(Green)BuildingPolicy(SBP): sustainablebuildingistodemonstratetheCity?scommitmenttoenvironmental,economic,and socialstewardship,toyieldcostsavingstotheCitytaxpayersthroughreducedoperatingcosts,to providehealthyworkenvironmentsforstaffandvisitors,andtocontributetotheCity?sgoalsof protecting,conserving,andenhancingtheregion?senvironmentalresources. TheSBP??callsfornewandrenovatedCityprojectswithover5,000SFofoccupiedspaceto achieveaSilverRating?usingLEEDstandards.Fulltextavailableat: http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/dpd/Sustainable_Building/DPD_000901.asp Aspublicinfrastructuresystemsincludingwater, SustainableInfrastructureInitiative: electricitydistribution,roads,drainage,etc.areupgraded,?applyinnovativeapproachesthat providebasicservicesinwaysthatareandenvironmentallyresponsible.? Theinitiativewaslaunchedwithaworkshopin2002withworkfocusedonpriorityareas including:1)Interdepartmentalcoordinationofprojectsusingexistingprocesses,2)Map& Inventory-asummaryofinfrastructureenhancementneedsandscheduledprojects,3)Life CycleCostAssessmentstandardizingmethodsfordeterminingtotalcostofownership, 4)ExecutivedirectionwithcreationofanExecutivepolicytoprovidecontextandguidancefor efforts,and5)Developasharedregionalbenchmarkingtool.Forcompleteworkshopnotesand moreinformationsee:http://www.seattle.gov/environment/building.htm. ThecityofTucsonhasadoptedanumberofbuildingcodesthatapplycity-wideand SustainableEnergyCode,EnergyConservation- thereforeincludecityfacilitiesthatinclude: Amendments,andtheTucsonLightingCode.AvailableasPDFsat: http://www.ci.tucson.az.us/dsd/Codes_Ordinances/Building_Codes/building_codes.html ?TheCityofTucsonhasademonstratedcommitmenttothepromotionofsustainable developmentpractices,andisconsideredaleaderintheareaofenergyMunicipal buildingsareundergoinglightingupgrades,sensorinstallationsandatleastone buildinghashada?coolroof?installed. http://swenergy.org/casestudies/arizona/tucson_topsc.htm In1999theCityofSantaMonica,CaliforniabecametheCitytoseek100%renewable energysupply.TheCityselectedCommonwealthEnergy,asupplierofgreenpower throughacompetitivesolicitationthatincluded14competingoffers.(FromtheMunicipal GuidetoPurchasingRenewableEnergy,availableat: www.irecusa.org/municipal/municipal_guide.pd) ?TheTorontoFoodPolicyCouncilpartnerswithbusinessandcommunitygroupstodevelop policiesandprogramspromotingfoodsecurity.Ouraimisafoodsystemthatfostersequitable foodaccess,nutrition,communitydevelopmentandenvironmentalhealth. ?TheTorontoFoodPolicyCouncilhasasmallstaffandmodestbudget.Ithasnoauthorityto passorenforcelaws.It?sthepowerofideas,inspiredindividualsandempoweredcommunities thatgivesus ?TheCouncilisfreetomakeitsowndecisionsonfoodpolicyissues.Staffworkingwiththe TFPCareemployedby,andresponsibleto,TorontoPublicHealth.Thisinnovativeand effectivearrangementhasgainedinternationalrespectfrompublichealth,communityfood securityandsustainableagricultureorganisations.? http://www.toronto.ca/health/tfpc_index.htm TheNewAmericanDream,http://www.newdream.org/index.php ?TheCenterforaNewAmericanDreamhelpsAmericansconsumeresponsiblytoprotect theenvironment,enhancequalityoflife,andpromotesocialjustice.? SeetheirwebsiteforacomprehensivelistofNorthAmericanstate,municipalandinstitutional purchasingpoliciesrelatingtoindustrysectorsincludedintheSBI(renewableenergy,reuse/ recycling/wastemanagement,greenbuilding,alternativefuels,sustainableforestproductsto nameafew). Thislistincludesdetailedsummariesofpolicydecisionsincludingmunicipality,ordinance nameorreferencenumber,dateinitiated,typeofresolution(e.g.,executiveorder,statute,etc.), productcategoriesaffected,attributesofthepolicyandaone-paragraphsummary.Veryeasyto navigateandincludesmanyadaptablesamplepoliciesdevelopedbylistedinstitutions. ?TheCenterforaNewAmericanDream?sInstitutionalPurchasingProgramhelpsinstitutions incorporateenvironmentalandhumanhealthconsiderationsintotheirpurchasingdecisions. TheInstitutionalPurchasingProgrampromotesenvironmentallypreferablepurchasing throughitsoutreach,trainingsandpresentations,conferencecalls,website,andmediaand communicationsefforts.?http://www.newdream.org/procure/policy/topic.php LocalgovernmentsinPortlandandSeattleimplementedsustainablepoliciesthathaveaffected marketdemandforsustainableproducts. OneofKingCountyWashington?sbiggestgreenpurchasesisbiodiesel.Accordingtostaff,the KingCountyMetroBussystemconsumes10milliongallonsofdieselfuelperyear.Halfoftheir currentlyrunsonB20,whichtranslatestotheequivalentof1milliongallonsofB100per year.ThebussystemintendstophaseintheuseofB20intherestoftheirbyyear-end, essentiallydoublingthisdemand.Muchoftheirsupplycomesfromalocalprocessor,yetpart oftheprobleminherentinlarge-scalebiodieselproductionthroughouttheNorthwest remainstheavailabilityofregionalfeedstock.Whiletheirproducerscontinuetoimportoil seedfromeitherCanadaortheUSMidwest,throughcollaborativeeffortsbetweengovernment entities,manufacturersandfarmers,theyarealsoworkingtoincreasetheamountoffeedstock thatisgrowninWashingtonaswell. PortlandandMultnomahCountyarealsoincreasingdemandforanumberofgreenproducts throughtheirSustainableProcurementStrategy.AccordingtoStacyForeman,Sustainable ProcurementProgramSpecialist,theCitynowowns46hybridsedans,sendingthemessage (alongwithothermunicipalities)toToyotathathybridvehicleproductionforapplications shouldcontinuetoincrease.TheCityhasalsousedB20biodieselintheirvehiclessince 2004.Thiseffort,alongwithrecentsolicitationsforethanol,B50andB99biodieselandultra- lowsulfurdieselfuel,helpedestablishthefoundationforarenewablefuelstandardpassedby theCityCouncilonJuly12,2006.Thisnewstandardrequirestheuseofaminimumof5% biodieseland10%ethanolforallfuelsoldwithinthePortlandCitylimits.ThisRenewableFuels Standard(RFS)goesintoeffectJuly2007andtheRFSrequirementforbiodieselwillincreaseto 10%by2010. TheCityofPortlandhasbeenusingonlyrecycled-contentpaper,withaminimum30%post- consumerwastecontentforallprinter/copiersandbusinessenvelopes.Withanannualusageof 138,000reamsofpaper,thishasprovideddemandforrecycledcontentpaper,which isenhancedbythefactthattheireffortshavebeensharedwithanumberofothermunicipalities acrossthecountry. MultnomahCounty?sjanitorialservicesnowrequesttheusageofGreenSealcleaningproducts bytheirserviceproviders.TheCityhasassistedthiseffortbyrequestingproductavailability informationfromvendors;manyofwhichhaveinturncontactedtheCityorCountytoseehow theirproductlinescanorassistthesegreencleaninggoals. Computerpurchasesalsoplayabigpartingreenprocurementdecisions.IntheCity?slast roundofequipmentsolicitations,theyincludedtake-backrequirementsalongwithothergreen measures.?TheCitycontinuestofollowthedevelopmentsofEPEAT(theelectronicproduct environmentalassessmenttool)andanticipatesusingEPEATinfuturesolicitations.Theuseof EPEATbymunicipalitieswilllikelydirectlystimulategreenoptionsforthegeneralconsumer,? (emailcorrespondence).EPEATcanbefoundathttp://69.94.134.185/epeat/. BoththeCityofPortland?sofSustainableDevelopment(OSD)andtheCity?sgreen buildingpolicyhavehelpedpromotetheuseofgreenbuildingmaterialsandpractices throughoutthePortlandMetroarea.CurrentlytheCity?sBureauofPurchasesisworkingwith OSDtoexpandworkshopandtrainingopportunitiesforminority,womenandemergingsmall businesses.ThiswillbothCityprojectsandexpandtheknowledgebasefortheaverage consumertodrawfrom. FurtherimpactoftheCityofPortland?sefforts,accordingtoAmyStork,Communications SpecialistattheOSD,isevidencedby: GrowthoftheNWGreenDirectorythatnowincludesover500businesseswithgreen productsorservices; GrowthoftheCity?sBEST(BusinessesforanEnvironmentallySustainableTomorrow) Awardsprogramfrom30applicantsin2005to45companiesin2006;and TheOSDandthePortlandDevelopmentCommissionarecurrentlyanalyzingwhere materialsingreenbuildingsarecomingfromandwhethertherearelocalsubstitutions availableformaterialsthatnowcomefromdistantlocations. TheUniversityofOregon(UO)hasaComprehensiveEnvironmentalPolicythatincludes anEnvironmentallyPreferablePurchasingPolicy.ThatpolicydirectstheUniversityto?work towardsobtainingthe?bestvalue?bybalancingshortandlong-termcosts,maintenance,life- cycle,andenvironmentalcostsinpurchasinggoodsandservices.?Theintensionsofthepolicy aretogrowthemarketforsustainableproducts;tocommittheUOtothe?goalofmaking environmentallyandresponsiblepurchasingchoices?;andtoencouragethepurchaseof sustainableproductsbytheUO. UOFacilitiesServicesconsidersthesethingswhenmakingpurchasingdecisions: productperformancerecycledcontent;overallproductquality;hazardous chemicalscontent;productlongevity(includingeaseofrepairorwastegenerated fromtheproductorservice(canitbereduced,canthewastebehauledawayandrecycled throughthevendor,istherehazardouswasteinvolvedandwhatarethepotentialhazardous wastedisposalcosts,isthereenergyusedthatwillcosttheuniversitymoney)andenergy oftheproduct.Additionally,theUOconsidersworkersafetyintermsofergonomics andhazardpotential.Whennegotiatingcontracts,theUOFacilitiesPurchasingManagerasks companiesabouttheirsustainabilitypoliciesandwhatenvironmentallypreferableproductsthey carry. SomerecentexamplesofEnvironmentallyPreferablePurchasingattheUOinclude: WorkedwithGrainger,thenumberonesupplierofindustrialequipment,todevelopa catalogdesignedtomeettheneedsoftheUO.TheUOconvincedGraingertoisolate theirproductswithrecycledcontentandthosethatareenvironmentallymoresustainable. GraingerthenpresentedtheUOwithabinderofthoseproducts,sothatUOFacilitiescould moreeasilytheenvironmentallyresponsibleproducts. By2004,FacilitiesServiceshadreducedpackagingby50%ormoreoverthelastyears. BecauseFacilitiesServicesplaceslargeorders,theyhavetheleveragetomakerequestsin regardstopackaging.Forexample,theUniversitycontractswithInsideOregon,partofthe statepenitentiarysystem,forstackablechairs.Normally,thechairscametwotoacardboard box.FacilitiesServicesworkedwithInsideOregontocreatereusablepalletsfordelivering thechairs,eliminatingtheperpetualneedforthousandsofcardboardboxes.NowInside Oregoncanusethosepalletsforothercustomersaswell. TheUniversitysaysthechallengeofdevelopingbenchmarksfortrackingcostsavingsasthey applytosustainablepracticesareEnergysavingscanbetrackedthroughmeters andbillings,butlaborsavingsduetolongerlifeofproductscomplicatesmatters.BillKasper, UOFacilitiesPurchasingManager,saidtheystartwithabudgetorasimilarpastprojectand addandvolatilemarketcommodities,newunioncontracts,marketshortagesdueto naturaldisasters,etc.tocreateabenchmark. Forexample,theUOnowusesenvironmentallyfriendlycleaningproducts.Theyidentify standardsandminimumrequirements,lookatwhattheyspentbefore,andlookatconcentrates andmixingequipmentandwhetherthoseneedexpansionorreduction.Thentheylookat existingcontractswherepricingisoveraperiodoftime.Theyknowtheyareusingless product,wastinglessproductandthattheproductsarelessharmful.TheUOnegotiatedalong termpricebaseduponlongtermusage,andinfactoringallthecosts,theycouldhavespent10% moretheyear,butafter5yearstheoverallsavingsexceeds10%.Theyconsideredfactors suchaslifecyclecostsofequipment,limitingcostofpackaging,decreasingfreightcostsby orderingmoreandbybuyingconcentrates. Anotherexampleisinstitutionalpaperproducts.ThelastcontractactuallysavedtheUO8% incosts,evenwiththemarketbearingpriceincreasesof30%ormore.Thesavingsarosefrom buying100%recycledpaperwheretheycouldinalargerroll,whichcostslessinlaborto maintainandgivesthesupplieralongtermvolumetonegotiatewiththemill.Theyalsohave thesupplierdelivertodifferentpointsaroundcampus,savingtheUniversityfuelandlabor. From2003-04,theUOFacilitiespurchased: 2tonsof50%recycledcontentpaperforcopymachinesanduse 3500poundsof25%recycledplasticcompositelumberforgrounds/exteriorproducts 650unitsofrecycledcontent(minimum25%)furniture 250recycled(60%)tonercartridges Avarietyofsupplieswithaminimumof55%recycledcontent LightDensityplasticbagsthatsavethousandsofdollarsinpurchasingcostsandreducewaste generated 1500casesof100%recycledcontentpapertowels 25unitsofrecycledcontentsteelproductssuchaseyewashstations 2100%recycledcontentparkbenches 15energypiecesofequipmentthatalsocontainrecycledcontent TheseareamongmanyotherchoicestheUOmakesinadheringtoCampusEnvironmental PurchasingPolicieswhichcontinuetosavemoney,reducewaste,conservevaluableresources, reducegreenhousegassesandmaintainworkersafety. TheCityofSanFranciscohaslongappliedenvironmentalcriteriatotheirpurchasing,but recentlyputanordinanceinplacethatdirectstheirstafftoapplyevenmorestringentstandards. In2001,theDepartmentoftheEnvironment(SFE)beganatwo-yearprocessthatengagedthe communityinanexaminationofthePrecautionaryPrinciple.Sincethen,theyhavedecidedto applytheprincipletotheCity?s$600millionworthofgoodsandservicespurchasedonayearly basiswiththegoalofprotectingtheirworkersandcitizens?healthandspurringthemarketfor alternativeproducts.Eventually,theSFEwouldliketohelpresidentsaccessthosealternative productsaswell. ?ThekeytoSanFrancisco?simplementationofthePrecautionaryPrincipleistheAlternatives Assessment.Ineachcaseweperformedanin-depthanalysisusingcriteriabasedonthethree- leggedstoolofhumanhealth,environmental,andeconomicfactorstocomparepotential alternativeswiththeideaofselectingthealternativeresultingintheleastharm.Wehave appliedthisapproachto:pesticides,arsenictreatedwood,alternativefuelvehicles,andcustodial 39 products.? TheCityestimatesthatusinggreencleanerswillsave$95percustodianonayearlybasisand thatcompactlightshavea2-4monthpaybackperiod.Theyfoundsimilarpricing for13outof14productsthattheytestedfortheenvironmentallypreferablealternativesas comparedtothestandard.TheyfoundthatKingCounty,Washingtonsaved$600,000in2003 40 usingenvironmentallypreferableproducts. Formoreinformationsee SFEPurchasingPilotProgramathttp://www.sfenvironment.com/aboutus/innovative/epp/ purchasing.htm NWPollutionPreventionResourceCenter(PPRC)?sreportbyBethLiddell: ?EnvironmentallyPreferablePurchasing(EPP)ProgramsandStrategies:Integrating EnvironmentalandSocialFactorsintoProcurementPractices?athttp://www.pprc.org/pubs/ epp/EPP_programs_and_strategies.pdf Portlandhasprotectedsurroundingfarmsandopenspacebynewdevelopmentsontohalf theusuallandarea,makingitasmart-growthpioneer--andoneofthemostlivableplacesinthe country.Themajorcitytotackleglobalwarming,theCitygovernmentofPortlandcreates lessgreenhousegasesthanitdid15yearsago,whilesaving$2millionannuallyonCityenergy bills--andattractingnewbusinesswithitsexpertise.Itsgreen-buildingstandardsarethe toughestinthenation. MayorGregNickels(D)broughtSeattleintothenationalspotlightwhenhelaunchedtheU.S. MayorsClimateProtectionAgreementtoreduceglobal-warmingpollutionnationwide.But theEmeraldCity?slocalinitiativesalone,includingmandatoryrecycling,makeitworthyofits name.Thecitygovernmentisitsheavy-dutydieselvehicleswithdevicesthatwillcut particulatepollutioninhalf,reducingitspaperuseby30percent,andcreating?urbanvillages? thatclusterstores,andhomesinwalkablecommunities.Byinvestinginrenewable energyandprogramstooffsetitscontributionstoglobalwarming,thecity-owned utilityhasbecometheinthecountrytoreduceitsnetgreenhouse-gasemissionstozero. howmuchcarbondioxideisbeingproduced.Focusonenergyuseinbuildings, Measure manufacturingandtransportationandtravel,andhomesaswellaswastegeneration. Numerouswebsitesprovidesimplemeasurementtools.. thecarbonemissionsthroughacombinationofincreased(usehigh Neutralize appliances),energyconservation(bikeratherthandrivewhenpossible),theuse ofrenewableenergy(purchasewindpowerorinstallsolarhotwatersystemsorphotovoltaic panels). theremainingemissionsthatcan?tbereducedthroughthepurchaseofcarboncredits Offset availabletodayfromnumerousorganizations. TheUSConferenceofMayorshasmadeacommitmenttoreduceglobalwarmingpollution frombuildingsinordertoprotecttheworldforfuturegenerations.OnMonday,June5, 2006,theUSConferenceofMayorsadoptedthe?2030Challenge?(Resolution#50)forALL buildings.Theresolutionwasputforwardbythemayorsofcitiesfromthefourcornersofthe continentalU.S.-ChicagoMayorRichardDaleyandAlbuquerqueMayorMartinChavez, MiamiMayorManuelDiazandSeattleMayorGregNickels.Asbuildingsareresponsiblefor emittinghalfofthegreenhousegasemissionsthatcauseglobalwarming,citiesarecommitting toimplementanimmediate50%fossilfuelgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionreductionstandard forallnewandrenovatedbuildings(50%belowthenationalaverageforeachbuildingtype) andsettingbenchmarksandtimelinestoincreasethereductionstandardfornewbuildingsto carbon-neutralby2030-meaningtheywillusenofossilfuel,GHGemittingenergytooperate. OnMay31,2006theCityofSantaFebecamethecityintheUStoformallyadoptthe ?2030Challenge?.Thismeansthatallnewcitybuildings,startingimmediately,willbebuiltto use50%lessfossilfuel,GHGemittingenergy.Bytheyear2030allnewcitybuildingsinSanta Fewillbebuilttooperatewithoutemittinganygreenhousegases.Additionally,NewMexico GovernorBillRichardsonissuedhisexecutiveorderthisyearrequiringthatallnewstate buildingsandmajorrenovationsmeetthe50%fossilfuelgreenhousegasemissionsreduction standardcalledforbyArchitecture2030.Thisisanotherimportantstepinthe?2030?initiative toaddressmajorgreenhousegasreductionsintheBuildingSector. SubmittedBy: ,theU.S.ConferenceofMayorshaspreviouslyadoptedstrongpolicy WHEREAS 1. resolutionsforcities,communities,andthefederalgovernmenttotakeactionsto reducefossilfuelconsumptionandglobalwarmingpollution;and ,theInter-GovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),the WHEREAS 2. internationalcommunity?smostrespectedassemblageofscientists,hasfoundthat climatedisruptionisarealityandthathumanactivitiesarelargelyresponsiblefor increasingconcentrationsofglobalwarmingpollution;and .,theU.S.BuildingSectorhasbeenshowntobethemajorconsumerof WHEREAS 3 fossilfuelandproducerofglobalwarmingcausinggreenhousegases;and ,thefederalgovernmentthroughprogramsfosteredwithinmanyofitskey WHEREAS 4. agenciesandnumerousstategovernmentsaswellasmunicipalitiesacrosstheU.S.have adoptedhighperformancegreenbuildingprinciples;and ,arecentstudycompletedbyLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,the WHEREAS 5. mostanalysisofgreenbuildingseverconducted,concludedthat theofgreendesignarebetween$50and$70persquarefoot,more than10timestheadditionalcostassociatedwithbuildinggreen;and ,thelargepositiveimpactonemployeeproductivityandhealthgains WHEREAS 6. suggeststhatgreenbuildinghasacost-effectiveimpactbeyondjusttheutilitybill savings;and ,studieshaveindicatedthatstudentattendanceandperformanceishigher WHEREAS 7. inhighperformanceschoolbuildings;and ,recognizingthatabuilding?sinitialconstructioncostsrepresentonly20-30 WHEREAS 8. percentofthebuilding?sentirecostsoverits30to40yearlife,emphasisshouldbeplaced onthe?lifecyclecosts?ofapublicbuildingratherthanonsolelyitsinitialcapitalcosts; and .,theconstructionindustryintheU.S.representsaportionof WHEREAS 9 oureconomyandaportionofthebuildingindustryisrepresentedbysmall businessandanincreaseinsustainablebuildingpracticeswillencourageandpromote newandinnovativesmallbusinessdevelopmentthroughoutthenation;and ,theAmericanInstituteofArchitects(AIA),thenationalprofessional WHEREAS 10. organizationrepresentingarchitectshasadoptedapositionstatementcallingforthe immediateenergyreductionofallnewandrenovatedbuildingstoonehalfthenational averageforthatbuildingtype,withincreasedreductionsof10%everyyearssothat bytheyear2030allbuildingsdesignedwillbecarbonneutral,meaningtheywilluse nofossilfuelenergy. thattheU.S.ConferenceofMayors NOW,THEREFORE,BEITRESOLVED 11. willencourageitsmemberstoadoptthefollowing?2030Challenge?forbuilding performancetargets: NewconstructionofCitybuildingsshallbedesignedtoandachieveaminimum deliveredfossil-fuelenergyconsumptionperformancestandardofonehalfthe U.S.averageforthatbuildingtypeasbytheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy. RenovationprojectsofCitybuildingsshallbedesignedtoandachievea minimumdeliveredfossil-fuelenergyconsumptionperformancestandardofone halftheU.S.averageforthatbuildingtypeasbytheU.S.Departmentof Energy. Allothernewconstruction,renovations,repairs,andreplacementsofCity buildingsshallemploycosteffective,greenbuildingpracticesto themaximumextentpossible;and thattheU.S.Conferenceof NOW,THEREFORE,BEITFURTHERRESOLVED 12. Mayorswillworktoincreasethefossil-fuelreductionstandardforallnewbuildingsto carbonneutralby2030,inthefollowingincrements: 60%in2010 70%in2015 80%in2020 90%in2025 Carbon-neutralby2030(meaningnewbuildingswillusenofossilfuelGHG [greenhousegas]emittingenergytooperate);and thattheU.S.ConferenceofMayorswillurge BEITFURTHERRESOLVED 13. mayorsfromaroundthenationtojointhiseffortbydevelopingplanstofully implementtheabovementionedtargetsaspartoftheirprocurementprocessandby establishingpoliciestoinsurecomplianceandmeasureresults;and thattheU.S.ConferenceofMayorswillurge BEITFURTHERRESOLVED 14. mayorsfromaroundthenationtodevelopplanstofullyimplementtheabove mentionedtargetsforallnewandrenovatedbuildingswithintheCity;and thattheU.S.ConferenceofMayorswillworkin BEITFINALLYRESOLVED 15. conjunctionwithICLEILocalGovernmentsforSustainabilityandotherappropriate organizationstojointhisefforttodevelopplanstofullyimplementsimilartargetsas mentionedabove. Boldestbidstocutemissionsnowbeingledbysomebigpollutersofyore ByLaurentBelsie|StaffwriterofTheChristianScienceMonitor Here?saquiz.Forallthetalkaboutslowingglobalwarming,whichofthefollowinghave takenstepstodoit: a) CountriesthathavejustagreedtoimplementtheKyotoProtocol? b) Environmentalgroups? c) Someoftheworld?sbiggestpolluters? Someoftheworld?slargestcorporations,responsibleforspewingmillionsoftonsofgreenhouse gasesintotheair,aretakingtheboldeststepstotrimtheiremissions.Althoughsucheffortsmay notsolveglobalwarmingontheirown,corporationsarepioneeringmethodsandsystemsthat governmentsmayonedaymandate. ?Inthelongterm,webelievethatyou?regoingtoseeincreasinglytightenvironmental restrictionsandregulations,andwe?renotsurethat?sabadthing,?saysChrisSchoenherr, spokesmanforAlliantEnergyCorporation.Since1991,themid-sizeutilityandenergycompany basedinMadison,Wis.,hasknockedouttheequivalentof7.3millionmetrictonsofcarbon- dioxideemissionsatitsdomesticoperations.?It?stherightthingtodo.It?sgoodbusinessaswell.? Whilenationslastmonthwrangledoveranagreementtoeventuallycuttheiremissions by5percentbelowtheir1990levels,DuPonthasalreadycutitsemissionsinhalf. Andthechemicalmanufactureraimstoreacha65percentreductionby2010.Even environmentalistsareimpressed.?DuPontisastandout,?saysDanielDudek,senior economistintheNewYorkoftheEnvironmentalDefenseFund.?Theyhave reallysetthebaroutthereforeveryone.? BPbecamethemajoroilcompanytoconcedethatglobalwarmingrepresents aseriousproblem.TheBritish-basedcompanyishalfwaytoits2010goalofcutting emissions10percentfromits1990baseline.It?saccomplishingthatbyvariousmeasures, suchascapturingandsellingmethanefromitsgaswellsinthewesternUnitedStates ratherthanreleasingitintotheair. FordMotorCompanyhasjoinedothercompaniespioneeringacarbon-dioxidetrading exchange.Theexchangecouldserveasamodelforgovernments,astheylookforwaysto implementtheKyototargetsinthecheapestwaypossible. ?Wewantedtogetinonthegroundsowecouldunderstandthebusinesscase?for emissionstrading,saysFordspokeswomanEllenDickson. Tobesure,manyothercompanies-especiallyintheenergysector-opposetheKyototreatyand thenotionofemissionslimits.Butvirtuallyeveryoneapplaudsvoluntaryactions.Theyoften leadtoenergyconservationthatsavescompaniesmoney. ?Voluntaryactionsarecertainlythecenterpieceofwhatneedstotakeplace,?saysGlennKelly, executivedirectoroftheGlobalClimateCoalition,aWashingtongroupofindustrytrade associationsopposedtotheKyototreaty.?Thekeylinchpinisthetechnologycomponent.? NewtechnologywillultimatelyhelpBPeliminateofnaturalgasonitsoffshoreoil rigs.Itmayalsohelputilitiessqueezethesameamountofenergyfromlesscoal.Whatexperts disagreeon:whethervoluntarymovescanreplacegovernmentregulation. ?I?mprettyskeptical,?saysTimBrennan,professorofpolicysciencesattheUniversityof Maryland,BaltimoreCounty.?Wecan?tclosedowntheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyon thehopethatcorporationsaregoingtoagreetoreducepollutionontheirown...especiallya greenhouseproblem,whichisinternational,?hesays. Otherspecialistsbelievegovernmentshouldlettheprivatesectormaturebeforesteppingin. ?Marketswilldevelopbottom-up,?saysRichardSandor,projectleaderofthenewChicago ClimateExchange,whichissettingupavoluntaryemissions-tradingsystemfortheMidwest. ?Themodelofatreatywithahomogenousstructure,withauniformstartdate,with133 signatories,isnotthewayitworks.? Underthetradingsystem,companiesthatitexpensivetocutpollutionwillpaycompanies withlesscostlyemissioncontrolstomakecutsforthem.Thatway,theworldgetsthesame greenhousegasreduction-butattheleastcostto Governmentwilleventuallystepintoratifyandstandardizeproceduresstartedpiecemealby corporations,hebelieves. Already,theexchangeboasts33participatingcompanies,fromutilitiestoagricultural cooperativestoforest-productconcerns.Thegrouphopestobeginrealtradingofemissionsin thelatterhalfofnextyear. TheChicagoexchangerepresentsoneofmanyprivate-sectoreffortstocoordinateemissions reduction.EightlargecorporationshavejoinedtheEnvironmentalDefenseFundtocreate thePartnershipforClimateAction.EnvironmentalResourcesTrust,aWashington organization,ishelpingcorporationstracktheircurrentemissions.CantorFitzgeraldgroup andPricewaterhouseCoopers,twoglobalserviceshavejoinedtogethertocreate CO2e.com,aWeb-basedserviceforcompanieswantingtomovetoemissionstrading. Suchprivate-sectorexperimentsmayprovecrucialdowntheroad.?Nothingisaspowerfulasan ideawhosetimehascome,?saysMr.SandorofChicagoClimateExchange.?Andthisisanidea whosetimehascome.? Indicatorsareimportanttoolsformeasuringprogresstowardsustainabilitygoals.TheSBITask Forceacknowledgedthispointbyformingthreesubcommitteesthatinvestedconsiderabletime exploringthedevelopmentofsocial,economic,andenvironmentalindicators.Throughthis effort,thecommitteesrealizedtheydidnothavetheresourcesortimerequiredtocomplete theprocessofdevelopingappropriatemeasurementtools.Thelastrenditionoftheindicators workproducedbythecommitteescanbefoundat:http://ri.uoregon.edu/programs/SBJD/SBI_ progress.html,underTaskForceProgress.Theindicatorspostedatthatsitearebynomeans completeandshouldnotbeusedasexamplesofsustainabilityindicators.Theyarepostedsimply todemonstratehowfartheTaskForcegotinaddressingtheissues.Muchmoreworkisneeded todevelopeffectiveindicatorsforCitygovernmentandthecommunityatlarge. OneoutgrowthoftheSBIindicatorsworkwasastudycompletedbySBITaskForcemembers ClaireSyrettandLynnFeekinalongwithBobBusselfromtheLaborEducationandResearch CenterattheUniversityofOregononlocalattitudesaboutsustainablebusinessandsocial equity.Itisprovidedherebecauseitprovidesinformationthatcouldprovehelpfultofuture effortstodevelopsocialequityindicators. byRobertBusselandLynnFeekin,LaborEducationandResearchCenter,UniversityofOregon andClaireSyrett,TheSolidarityNetwork July2006 ExecutiveSummary Inthespringof2005,KittyPiercy,themayorofEugene,Oregon,appointedataskforceto helpcreateasustainablebusinessdevelopmentstrategyforthecity.Thetaskforce sustainablebusinessdevelopmentas?thesimultaneouspursuitofeconomicprosperity, environmentalquality,andsocialequity.Sustainablebusinessesarenotwasteful,useresources andarerespectfulofthesurroundingenvironment.? TheTaskForcewasgivenanambitiouscharge:tohelpfashionacommunityconsensusthat wouldmakesustainabledevelopmentanintegralpartofEugene?soverallapproachtoeconomic development.Thisapproachwouldenablethecitytoreaptheofwhatisoftenreferred toassustainabledevelopment?s?TripleBottomLine?:thepromotionofeconomic environmentalsensitivity,andsocialequity. Althoughthereisextensiveinformationavailableonstrategiestoincorporateeconomicand environmentalconcernsintosustainablebusinessdevelopmentefforts,fewmodelsorexamples existonhowtointegratesocialequityprinciplesintocommunitysustainabilityinitiatives. Accordingtothemayor?sTaskForce,?socialequitymeansthatasamatteroffairness,sustainable businessesconsciouslytakeintoaccountthewell-beingofthepeopleandthecommunitiesin whichtheyoperate.? Inordertoaddressthisknowledgegap,theSolidarityNetwork/Jobswith Justice(ESSN/JWJ)andtheUniversityofOregon?sLaborEducationandResearchCenter (LERC)receivedagrantfromtheSociologicalInitiativesFoundationtoconductaseriesof focusgroupsthatwouldexplorecommunitysentimentonsustainablebusinessdevelopment anddeterminethekindsofpracticescommunitymembersbelievearemostessentialtothe promotionofsocialequity. AprincipalgoalofthisprojectistoencouragemoreextensivecitizenparticipationinEugene?s economicdevelopmentdecision-makingprocessandensurethatcommunityconcernsand interestsreceivefullconsideration.Wealsointendtomakeouravailabletoother communitiesandconstituenciesthatarepursuingsustainabledevelopmentstrategiesand grapplingwithsimilarconcernstothosethathavemotivatedthisproject. ConsiderableSupportExistsfortheConceptofSustainableBusinessDevelopment inEugene Wefoundconsiderableawarenessofandsupportfortheconceptofsustainablebusiness development,alongwithadeepsenseofpridethatEugeneisacommunitywithmany businessesalreadycommittedtosustainablepractices.Sustainablebusinessdevelopment?s TripleBottomLineofeconomicenvironmentalprotection,andsocialequity appealedtomembersofallfocusgroupsasamajorcommunitythattheCityofEugene shouldencourageandsupport.Thelong-termperspectiveassociatedwithsustainablebusiness developmentwasalsopraisedbyparticipantsasnecessarytopromotingsocialstabilityand ultimatelysocialsurvival. HealthFlexibleWorkScheduling,LivingWage,andOpportunitiesforCareer AdvancementSeenasMostImportantSocialEquityIndicatorsintheWorkplace Therewasstrongagreementthatinorderforsocialequitytobeachievedintheworkplace,the followingelementsaremostcritical:provisionofaffordable,comprehensivehealthinsurance, workschedulingandallowancefortimeoffthejob,paymentofalivingwage,and opportunitiesforcareerdevelopmentandadvancement.Additionalworkplacesocialequity indicatorsthatwerecitedbyparticipantsasimportantincludedworkthatwassatisfyingand sociallyvalued,apreferenceforfull-timeoverpart-timeemployment,providingadequate retirementandtheassuranceofnon-discrimination,equalopportunity,andrespectfor diversity. StrongBeliefThatSustainableBusinessesShouldExplicitlytheLocalCommunity andtheLocalEconomy Oneofthestrongestthemestoemergefromthefocusgroupdiscussionswastheparticipants? beliefthatsustainablebusinessesshouldexplicitlythelocalcommunityandthelocal economy.Participantsinvirtuallyallgroupsexpressedtheirclearpreferenceforlocalhiring, theuseoflocalsuppliers,andkeepingmoneyinthelocaleconomy.Therewasalsoanabiding beliefthatsustainablebusinessesshouldcultivateworkingpartnershipswithlocalorganizations andencouragetheiremployeestoengageincommunityservice,especiallybyprovidingthem withtimetodoso. ConcernsExpressedAboutBusinessCommitmenttoSustainabilityandtheAchievementof SocialEquity AmajorityofthefocusgroupsraisedquestionsabouttheCity?sabilitytoimplementsustainable businesspractices,fearingthatsocialequityconcernsmightnotreceivetheattentionandpriority grantedtoeconomicandenvironmentalconsiderations.Otherswonderedifbusinesseswere preparedtomakealong-termcommitmenttoimplementingsustainablepractices,fearingthata short-term,bottom-lineapproachremainedprevalentinmostcorporatecircles.Businessfocus groupstheircommitmenttosocialequityprinciplesbutunderscoredtheobstaclesthey faceinattemptingtoprovidethelevelsofwagesandassociatedwithadvancingsocial equity. Conclusion Oursuggestthatthereisstrongsupportfortheconceptofsustainablebusiness developmentandaconsensusthatsustainablepracticesandpoliciesshouldbeencouragedby policymakersinEugene.However,thissupportisaccompaniedbyseveralnotablereservations: skepticismthatsocialequityconsiderationswillbegrantedco-equalstatuswitheconomicand environmentalprioritiesanduncertaintythatbusinesseswillbecommittedtothe long-termpursuitofsustainability.IfEugene?sSustainableBusinessInitiativeistoattractbroad- basedcommunitysupport,especiallyamongworkers,itwillneedtoaddressthesereservationsin formulatingitsrecommendationsanddevisinganimplementationprocess. WorksCited: 1 AlexCuyler,CityofEugeneRecyclingAnalyst,personalconversation.Informationcamefrom2002Waste CompositionStudy.Unlikemorerecentthatmightbeavailable,thesenumbersdonotincludewastefrommulti- familydwellings. 2 U.S.CensusBureau,AmericanCommunityService2003. 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