HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem C: Goal 5 Invent/S.HillsEUGENE CITY COUNCIL
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Work Session: Process for Review and Update of Goal 5 Inventory in the South Hills
Meeting Date: June 27, 2005 Agenda Item Number: C
Department: Planning and Development Staff Contact: Susan Muir
www. cl. eugene, or. us Contact Telephone Number: 682-6077
ISSUE STATEMENT
The purpose of this work session is to follow up on the motion passed by the council on June 8, 2005,
regarding the Statewide Planning Goal 5 Inventory in the South Hills.
BACKGROUND
On July 28, 2003, the council adopted Ordinance #20296, which adopted Eugene's Goal 5 Inventory of
Riparian and Upland Wildlife Habitat Sites. Adoption of that ordinance allowed the City to move
forward and propose protection measures for the resources included on the inventory. Those measures
are currently before the Eugene Planning Commission for consideration and are scheduled to be before
the City Council in the fall.
On June 8, 2005, the council passed a motion directing the City Manager to review and update the Goal
5 inventory in the South Hills, to respond to information about the presence of the pileated woodpecker
in that area. For additional technical information about Goal 5 "safe harbor" provisions, the inventory
adoption process in 2003, the pileated woodpecker and the status of the inventory information for the
South Hills, please see the attached memo from staff dated June 20, 2005.
The Goal 5 Periodic Review Work Task currently has a state mandated deadline for completion of June
30, 2005. This deadline was an extension from an earlier deadline and there are no other avenues for
additional extensions. Prior to June 8, 2005, the City notified the Department of Land Conservation and
Development that the project would not be completed by June 30, 2005, but that it would be completed
as soon as possible and has presented the tentative timeline that kept the City close to the mandated
schedule. City staff believes there was an informal good faith understanding with the State that staff was
continuing to move the project forward, was working hard towards keeping the timeline, and was
keeping the State plugged into the process and timeline to avoid problems. The State has authority to
schedule the City of Eugene in front of the Land Conservation and Development Commission (LCDC)
after June 30, 2005, and ask for a progress report and could consider other actions. Staff has not asked
the State to respond to the June 8, 2005, motion in writing, but has asked them to be available for the
June 27, 2005, work session.
The Eugene Planning Commission is expected to complete its work on Goal 5 by early July 2005, and a
work session and public hearing before the council are scheduled in September 2005. This means that,
after approximately ten years of work on this Periodic Review task, the current Goal 5 process can be
completed within 4 to 5 months.
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The addition of substantial areas of land to the current Goal 5 process could have significant impacts on
the City's ability to comply with its current Periodic Review requirements for Statewide Planning Goal
5 and may have unintended consequences, including a delay in adoption of regulations that could result
in additional loss of riparian habitat. Staff work to update and incorporate these additional areas into the
inventory would likely take at least a year, and additional public notice and involvement would add
additional time to the schedule.
Because the bulk of the staff work in addressing waterways on the existing Goal 5 inventory is complete
and under consideration by the Planning Commission, the Goal 5 process for the existing inventory of
waterways can be completed relatively quickly. New areas of habitat would be subject to the same work
tasks that staff has spent the last year working on for the waterway sites. These tasks include, at a
minimum: 1) field verification of site conditions; 2) corrections to site boundaries based upon updated
mapping of stream corridors; 3) corrections to site boundaries based upon new color 2004 aerial photos;
4) preparation of required analyses of economic, social, environmental and energy consequences of
protecting or not protecting the site; 5) preparation of draft protection recommendations; 6) preparation
of code amendments to implement recommended level of protection for each site; and 7) preparation of
a legislative zone change to apply protection measures to sites recommended for protection. This work
took 2 FTE approximately one year to complete for the waterway sites on the existing Goal 5 inventory
currently in front of the Planning Commission for consideration.
Staff suggests the council consider that the potential objective and desired outcome of the June 8, 2005,
action could be addressed in other ways that may have distinct advantages. There may be a more
practical and defensible way of considering protections for new areas.
Related to timing; if the current process is completed as currently planned, and additional upland
wildlife habitat areas are addressed subsequently, both of these can be completed by fall 2007,
approximately the same schedule forecast for combining the two into the current process. Even though
separating the two processes would delay the start of work on additional upland areas, the existing
analyses (assuming the new work task applies just to the South Hills) would not have to be re-written,
which would save considerable staff time. In addition, staff does not believe there would be any
consequences in terms of proposed areas for protection, if they were considered at different times. This
savings would balance against the delay in starting work on the added upland areas, which would make
the two completion dates approximately the same. Separating the two processes allows protection
measures to be applied to waterways and wetlands almost two years earlier than would be possible if
both are combined into the current process, while facilitating completion of the work on the added
upland areas within the same time frame.
RELATED CITY POLICIES
Council Resolution No. 4615, adopted in April 2000, provided direction to staff to respond to the ESA-
listing of salmon in the Willamette River, and also called for action to complete the Goal 5 process.
Completion of the Goal 5 process for riparian sites on the existing Goal 5 inventory will protect
important habitat for the federally-listed threatened upper Willamette Spring Chinook Salmon.
Eugene Growth Management Policy 17 states: "Protect and improve air and water quality and protect
natural areas of good habitat value through a variety of means such as better enforcement of existing
regulations, new or revised regulations, or other practices." The Goal 5 process is the main procedural
tool for protecting natural resources through regulation.
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COUNCIL OPTIONS
The primary options available to the council related to the June 8, 2005, City Council motion are
summarized below:
Option 1 - Implement the June 8, 2005, City Council motion as approved.
Description: As indicated in the attached memo from staff, a review of City Council action in
2003, the record for that action, and associated findings, staff concludes that the council' s action
was correct with regard to application of OAR safe harbor criteria related to sensitive species.
While at least two state-designated sensitive species (pileated woodpecker and northern pygmy
owl) are known to occur in the South Hills, there are no extant maps of their specific habitat
prepared by state or federal agencies or by qualified professionals. Maps of generalized wildlife
habitat, within which a sensitive species is known or noted to occur, were judged by staff as
insufficient to meet the OAR requirement of a professionally prepared map of habitat for that
species. The generalized maps of wildlife habitat sites created for the Goal 5 inventory were not
based on specific habitat needs that have been scientifically documented for pileated
woodpecker. Based on these conclusions, staff believes no further work is needed to address the
June 8 Council motion.
Even if a case could be made that the existing general habitat maps could be interpreted as
showing pileated woodpecker habitat, this approach would not be not very defensible from a
scientific standpoint. Staff believes that, given the tenuous nature of such a conclusion, and the
potential for reasonable people to disagree on many aspects of the Oregon Administrative Rules,
there are better approaches to address either pileated woodpecker habitat in the South Hills or
upland wildlife habitat areas in the South Hills in general (see Option 3). Also, see attached
memo for additional detail on existing data on pileated woodpeckers in the South Hills.
If the council disagrees with the conclusions above, and believes that staff did err in 2003, this
option would direct staff to review pileated woodpecker data and revise the inventory as part of
the current Goal 5 process. This option would require notification of affected property owners
and a public hearing before the Planning Commission prior to coming back to the council if
additional areas are added to the inventory. This would mean that the current Goal 5 work would
be stopped in order to include the additional habitat area. Not only would that leave important
Goal 5 resources subject to additional degredation, it jeopardizes the timeline for compliance
with periodic review. Periodic review for the Lane Metro area is a partnership between Eugene,
Springfield and Lane County. Springfield is on approximately the same timeline for adoption
measures as Eugene was prior to the June 8 action, and Lane County has already conducted
public hearings before its Planning Commission. Delaying action would jeopardize the partner
jurisdictions' ability to complete periodic review.
Option 2 - Direct the City Manager to review and update the Goal 5 wildlife habitat inventory for the
South Hills, after completion of the current Goal 5 work program, using the safe harbor inventory
methodology in OAR 660-023-0110 in light of new information concerning the presence of the sensitive
species Pileated Woodpecker in substantial areas of the South Hills.
Description: If the council disagrees with staff findings related to the Safe Harbor criteria for
sensitive species in 2003, this option would allow the current Goal 5 process to move forward,
and upon completion of that work, move forward on the review of pileated woodpecker data.
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This approach would require notification of affected property owners and a public hearing before
the Planning Commission prior to coming back to the council if additional areas are added to the
inventory. This option would include developing a work plan and budget to complete this work.
This option does not provide the most defensible mechanism for adding areas to the inventory
(see discussion under Option 1) and it does not give information to address other habitat types or
species that are found in the South Hills (see attached memo).
Option 3 - Direct the City Manager to add to the Goal 5 Inventory, after completion of the current Goal
5 work program, the remainder of the wildlife habitat areas in the South Hills that were proposed to be
included in the inventory by the Planning Commission in 2003.
Description: This option would involve amending the June 8, 2005, motion to direct the City
Manager to complete the current Goal 5 process, and upon its completion, to apply the standard
process (instead of the safe harbor process) significance criteria to all upland wildlife habitat
areas that were removed from the inventory, and to complete the Goal 5 process for these areas.
This approach would require notification of affected property owners and a public hearing before
the Planning Commission prior to coming back to the council. To collect site data that will
provide a more defensible basis for Goal 5 recommendations, this option includes additional
inventory work. This option would include developing a work plan and budget to complete this
work, including:
· Updating mapping of upland habitat in the South Hills in the areas being added to the
Goal 5 inventory using the City's revised stream mapping, 2004 color aerial photography
and field verification.
· Conducting new inventory work delineating key habitat areas for the pileated woodpecker
in the South Hills.
· Conducting inventory and mapping of distinct upland wildlife habitats, including native
upland prairie, oak woodland, oak savanna, mature/old growth grand fir, old growth
Douglas fir and Ponderosa pine stands.
· Conducting an inventory of known rare plant sites and potential rare plant habitat within
all sites being added to the Goal 5 inventory (Aster vialis, Cimicifuga elata, Aster curtus,
Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens, Horkelia congesta var. congesta, Lupinus
sulphureus ssp. Kincaidii).
· Providing public notice (direct mailings, display ads and legal ads) and public
involvement (public workshops) related to the areas proposed to be added to the Goal 5
inventory.
Option 4 - Amend the June 8, 2005, motion to add to the Goal 5 Inventory, after completion of the
current Goal 5 work program, the remainder of the wildlife habitat areas that were proposed to be
included in the inventory by the Planning Commission in 2003, within the Eugene Urban Growth
Boundary.
· Description: This option would involve amending the June 8, 2005, motion to direct the
City Manager to complete the current Goal 5 process, and upon its completion, to apply
the standard process (instead of the safe harbor process) significance criteria to all of the
upland wildlife habitat areas that were removed from the inventory (not just those in the
South Hills), and to complete the Goal 5 process for these areas. This approach would
require notification of affected property owners and a public hearing before the Planning
Commission prior to coming back to the council. To collect site data that will provide a
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more defensible basis for Goal 5 recommendations, this option includes additional
inventory work. This option would include developing a work plan and budget to
complete this work, including the same tasks listed under Option 3.
CITY MANAGER'S RECOMMENDATION
To ensure timely completion of Eugene's last remaining Periodic Review task (completion of Goal 5)
and to hasten application of protection measures to important, valuable sites that warrant protection, the
City Manager recommends that the council direct the City Manager to continue with the current Goal 5
inventory and complete the Goal 5 Periodic Review Work Program as quickly as possible.
The City Manager recommends Option 3 above in order to provide a thorough, comprehensive,
defensible approach to evaluating upland wildlife habitat in the south hills. This option allows the staff
to consider many factors and species that can lead to a more holistic approach to natural resource
protection.
SUGGESTED MOTION
Move to direct the CiO;Manager to complete the current Goal 5 Periodic Review Work Task per the
tentative schedule outlined in this Agenda Item Summary, and to bring forward a recommendation to
include as a high priority work program item to amend the Goal 5 inventory to apply the standard
inventory process to those wildlife habitat areas in the South Hill; to which the Safe Harbor inventory
provisions were applied in 2003 and to complete the Goal 5 ESEE (Economic Social Environmental
Energy analysi,) process for those areas. The City Manager ,'hall also determine if outside resources
are needed as part of this work and determine or recommend a funding mechanism to complete the work
in a timely manner.
ATTACHMENTS
A. Memo from Planning and Development Department dated June 20, 2005
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Staff Contact: Susan Muir, Acting in Capacity Planning and Development Director
Telephone: 682-6077
Staff E-Mail: susan.l.muir~ci.eugene.or.us
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Planning & Development
Planning
City of Eugene
99 West 10th Avenue
MEMORANDUM
(541) 682-5377
(541) 682-5572 FAX
www. ci.eugene.or, us
Date: June 20, 2005
To: Mayor Piercy and City Council
From: Neil Bj6rklund, 682-5507
Senior Planner
Subject: Goal 5 and Habitat in the South Hills
Introduction
On June 8, 2005, the Council approved the following motion:
Council Motion: Ms. Taylor, seconded by Mr. Kelly, moved to direct the City Manager to review
and update the Goal 5 wildlife habitat inventory for the south hills, using the safe harbor
inventory methodology in OAR 660-023-0110 in light of new information concerning the
presence of the sensitive species Pileated Woodpecker in substantial areas of the south hills.
The vote on the motion was a 4:4 tie; Ms. Taylor, Mr. Kelly, Ms. Bettman, and Ms. Ortiz voting
yes; Mr. Papd, Mr. Poling, Ms. Solomon, and Mr. Pryor voting no; Mayor Piercy cast a vote in
support of the motion and it passed on a final vote of 5:4.
This memo discusses the technical and process issues related to this motion.
The June 8, 2005 Council motion related to Eugene's Goal 5 inventory refers to the adoption of the
riparian and upland wildlife habitat inventories by the Eugene City Council in July 2003. The Eugene
Planning Commission had recommended that the Council adopt the entire preliminary inventory,
applying the %tandard" inventory process to all sites, including large areas of the South Hills. The
standard process involves applying locally adopted significance criteria to determine which mapped
resource sites will be further studied and considered for protection. The %afe harbor process" is a simpler,
alternative approach, in which the local jurisdiction includes on the inventory only the specifically listed
resources that are already mapped by state or federal agencies or by qualified professionals. At that time,
the Council voted to apply the Goal 5 %afe harbor" inventory process to the areas in the South Hills
outside of mapped stream corridors, and to apply the Goal 5 %tandard" inventory process to the
remainder of the inventory recommended by the Planning Commission.
Application of Goal 5 Safe Harbor Provisions in 2003
During City Council work sessions on Goal 5 on May 28, 2003 and June 23 2003, members of the
Council raised the idea of using Goal 5 %afe harbor" provisions for the riparian and upland wildlife
habitat inventories. The Council discussed applying safe harbor inventory provisions to all sites, which
would have reduced the number of sites on the inventory, including riparian sites. The Council also
discussed a %plit" approach of applying standard process inventory provisions to waterways, and safe
harbor provisions to non-waterway upland areas on the draft inventory. At that time, staff reported back
to the Council that application of the safe harbor inventory criteria for wildlife habitat sites to the areas
outside waterway corridors in the South Hills would effectively remove those areas from further
consideration for protection, as those areas did not meet the safe harbor criteria.
The "Safe Harbor" provisions under Goal 5 provide a different methodology for local governments to
meet the Goal 5 requirements with less staff work and process than is required in the "standard" Goal 5
process. The Safe Harbor provisions for the Goal 5 inventory process set out specific criteria for
determining which sites will be considered significant, and rely on resources that are already mapped by
state or federal resource agencies or other qualified professionals. The safe harbor provisions rely on
existing inventory mapping and data in order to reduce the burden on local governments for conducting
Goal 5 inventories. The "standard" inventory process, on the other hand, allows the local jurisdiction to
create and adopt their own criteria for significance, and requires more detailed analysis. The sites that are
considered "significant" under Goal 5 are those that will be considered for protection measures. Safe
Harbor Inventory Criteria for wildlife habitat (OAR 660-023-0110(4) are as follows:
"(4) Local governments may determine wildlife habitat significance under OAR 660-023-0040 or
apply the safe harbor criteria in this section. Under the safe harbor, local governments may
determine that "wildlife" does not include fish, and that significant wildlife habitat is only those
sites where one or more of the following conditions exist:
(a) The habitat has been documented to perform a life support function for a wildlife
species listed by the federal government as a threatened or endangered species or by the
state of Oregon as a threatened, endangered, or sensitive species;
(b) The habitat has documented occurrences of more than incidental use by a
species described in subsection (a) of this section; (emphasis added)
(c) The habitat has been documented as a sensitive bird nesting, roosting, or watering
resource site for osprey or great blue herons pursuant to ORS 527.710 (Oregon Forest
Practices Act) and OAR 629-024-0700 (Forest Practices Rules);
(d) The habitat has been documented to be essential to achieving policies or population
objectives specified in a wildlife species management plan adopted by the Oregon Fish
and Wildlife Commission pursuant to ORS Chapter 496; or
(e) The area is identified and mapped by ODFW as habitat for a wildlife species of
concern and/or as a habitat of concern (e.g., big game winter range and migration
corridors, golden eagle and prairie falcon nest sites, or pigeon springs)."
The term "documented" as applied in this subsection is defined at OAR 660-023-0110(1)(a):
"Documented" means that an area is shown on a map published or issued by a state or federal
agency or by a professional with demonstrated expertise in habitat identification.
Criterion (4)(b) is the focus of the issue raised before the Council and which the Council motion
addresses. In order for an area of land to meet the requirements of OAR 660-023-0110(4)(b), one of two
forms of documentation was needed, either: (1) the area was shown on a map of habitat with
"documented occurrences of more than incidental use" by pileated woodpeckers issued by a state or
federal agency, or (2) the area was shown on a map of habitat with "documented occurrences of more
than incidental use" by pileated woodpecker issued by a professional with demonstrated expertise in
habitat identification. The pileated woodpecker is listed as a sensitive species by the State of Oregon, and
is not listed as threatened or endangered at the federal level. Therefore, staff met with biologists from the
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) and determined from that meeting that ODFW had not
issued a map ofpileated woodpecker habitat within the local area. The public record was also reviewed,
and no map delineating areas of pileated woodpecker habitat had been submitted into the public record,
nor had such a map been referenced in testimony in the record. On that basis, staff concluded that
criterion (4)(b) was not met.
Only one official map that addresses pileated woodpeckers is known among current and past staff
involved in the Goal 5 process. That map is contained in an April 12, 1978 Metro Plan Update working
paper entitled "Vegetation/Wildlife/Wildlife Habitats." Map D-2 in that working paper was created by
using vegetation mapping: specific wildlife species were "assigned to their characteristic habitat types as
represented by the vegetative cover types." No source is given for the data, and no references are given
for any study of habitat needs of the wildlife species referenced on the map. The map notes two discrete
locations for pileated woodpecker within the urban growth boundary: (1) a point location west of Fox
Hollow Road near Foxtail, and (2) a point location west of South Willamette Street, just south of
Trailside. Due to the lack of delineated boundaries of a habitat area suitable for pileated woodpecker, this
map does not meet the OAR criterion for the safe harbor inventory process, which requires a map of a
habitat "area." The map showing two point locations would not facilitate inclusion ofpileated
woodpecker habitat in the Goal 5 inventory without additional field study and inventory work to delineate
the boundaries of suitable habitat. The two pileated woodpecker locations on Map D-2 were not included
in the list of 35 significant vegetation and wildlife areas identified in the working paper.
The maps of Goal 5 upland wildlife habitat sites that were developed as part of the preliminary Goal 5
inventory, and the inventory sites recommended by the Planning Commission in 2003, were not based on
the specific, scientifically documented habitat needs of the pileated woodpecker. These habitat areas
were based on general habitat characteristics, including food, cover, and water that provide habitat to a
wide range of species. So, while it is clear that some of these mapped habitat areas do include habitat
areas used by the pileated woodpecker, they also likely include areas not used by the woodpecker, and do
not include some areas that are likely used by the woodpecker. Therefore, staff does not consider these
maps to represent, in any scientifically defensible way, maps ofpileated woodpecker habitat.
The legal record for the adoption of the Eugene Goal 5 inventory that opened with the notice of a public
hearing before the Eugene Planning Commission in November 2002 contains two pieces of testimony that
mention the pileated woodpecker on two sites (headwaters of Amazon Creek south of Martin, and site
E37 west of Amazon). In 2000, at least five pieces of written testimony were submitted through the
Metro Goal 5 process that indicated sightings ofpileated woodpecker on at least 3 specific sites (forested
area north of Dillard Road, forest above Owl Road and forested area near 23rd and City View). One
additional site (Amazon headwaters area above Martin Street) was noted as providing habitat for pileated
woodpecker, but did not include any documentation of sightings or the basis for the conclusion that the
site provides habitat for this species. None of these comments included a professionally prepared map
delineating the area of the woodpecker's habitat on those sites, and none of these included documentation
for the individuals submitting this testimony of professional credentials relating to identification of
pileated woodpecker habitat. None of these references provide any supporting details, such as date of
sighting, in what activity the bird sighted was engaged, or on how many occasions the species was
sighted.
It is important to note, that the safe harbor process does not allow the local government to revise these
criteria. Revisions to the safe harbor inventory criteria would have to be adopted by the local government
as standard Goal 5 inventory significance criteria. Therefore, under the safe harbor provisions for Goal 5
inventories, the local jurisdiction does not have the option of broadening the application of the criteria
beyond what is explicitly given in the OARs.
Staff does not dispute the presence of pileated woodpeckers in the South Hills, or within some of the
upland wildlife habitat sites that were recommended to be included in the Goal 5 inventory in 2003.
However, establishing the presence of the species is not sufficient to meet the OAR safe harbor criteria
for wildlife habitat sites.
New Information
The Council motion indicates that there is new information related to pileated woodpeckers in the South
Hills. Staff has reviewed the record used in the 2003 Council action and the additional information
submitted as part of the discussion item on acquisition of the Nectar Way property and is unaware of any
new information on this topic. Information on the presence ofpileated woodpeckers at several locations
in the South Hills has been in the record for Goal 5 for a number of years and was considered in the
Council's action in 2003.
Status of Pileated Woodpecker
Pileated woodpeckers were listed by the State of Oregon as a sensitive species in 1997. This designation
was not made because they are rare or declining in numbers, but because they have been considered an
indicator species for mature and old-growth forest, and because they are sensitive to clear-cutting and
other forms of timber harvest that involve removal of large live and dead trees (which the woodpecker
needs for nesting, roosting and foraging).~ Research has shown that in western Oregon, the species is not
dependent on old growth forest, but will utilize stands 70 years of age or older for nesting and 40 years or
older for foraging.:
Studies have documented that nest cavities created by pileated woodpeckers are utilized by more than 20
species of secondary cavity nesters (i.e., species that nest in cavities created previously by another
species). For this reason, the pileated woodpecker has been considered a "keystone habitat modifier,"
which is a species that plays a unique and important role in maintaining habitat for other species,s Of the
24 species of secondary cavity nesters documented as using pileated woodpecker nests, six are known to
occur in forested areas of the South Hills (western screech-owl, northern pygmy-owl, northern saw-whet
owl, Vaux's swift, northern flicker, and brown creeper).
Recent Breeding Bird Survey data show that the species is increasing in numbers in western Oregon.4
Pileated woodpeckers are considered common to uncommon throughout western Oregon, west of the
Cascade crest.5 In the Willamette Valley, suitable habitat for pileated woodpeckers probably did not
commonly exist prior to Euro-American settlement and consequent fire suppression.6 Before the
suppression of seasonal fires, oak savanna habitat dominated in the foothills of the Willamette Valley. As
fire was suppressed, Douglas fir-dominated forest has overtaken the historic oak savanna and oak
~ Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Wildlife Diversity Program. Species At Risk, Sensitive, Threatened and
Endangered Vertebrates of Oregon, Second Edition. June 1996.
: Mellen, T.K., E.C. Meslow, and R.W. Mannan. Summertime Home Range and Habitat Use of Pileated
Woodpeckers in Western Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management, 56(1) 96-103. 1990.
~ Aubrey, K.B, and C.M. Raley. The Pileated Woodpecker as a Keysone Habitat Modifier in the Pacific Northwest.
USDA Forest Service Technical Report. PSW-GTW-181. 2002.
4 Sauer, J. R., J. E. Hines, and J. Fallon. 2005. The North American Breeding Bird Survey, Results and Analysis
1966 - 2004. Version 2005.2. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD
s ODFW. Ibid.
6 Personal communication, Peg Boulay, Sensitive Species Coordinator, ODFW, June 2005.
woodland habitat. These oak-dominated habitats do not support pileated woodpeckers, since they are
neither densely forested nor do they contain adequate density of dead and dying trees to provide nesting,
roosting and foraging sites required by these woodpeckers.
Based on staff communications with knowledgeable bird-watchers in Eugene, it appears that the pileated
woodpecker has been sighted in both developed and undeveloped areas throughout the South Hills. A
search of the scientific literature did not reveal any studies of the bird's nesting, foraging and roosting
behavior or habitat needs in an urban area.
Status of the 2002 Goal 5 Inventory in the South Hills
The Goal 5 inventory for the South Hills, as it was developed in 1989, consisted of three very large
habitat areas: the West Eugene Uplands (Site E37; 2,642 acres), the Southwest Hills (Site E38; 3,043
acres) and the Laurelwood Uplands (Site E38; 1,575 acres). Over the 16 years since the original
inventory was conducted, these sites have been greatly modified and reduced in extent due to
development. Although the boundaries of these sites were updated a number of times to remove
developed areas, no update of the habitat evaluations were conducted. Each of these large habitat areas
was evaluated as a single unit to determine its relative value as wildlife habitat. It is clear that the
undeveloped areas in the South Hills are not uniform in their habitat quality or ecological function. There
are areas with varying levels of habitat quality and that serve a variety habitat functions. Due to the way
these sites were evaluated for Goal 5, the existing Goal 5 inventory data do not include this kind of
information. The absence of this kind of data will inhibit making distinctions of value among the various
types of habitat within these huge areas, such as would be required under the Goal 5 ESEE (Economic
Social Environmental Energy) analysis.
Addressing Other Resources
In addressing only pileated woodpecker habitat, the Council motion does not make it clear whether the
Council intends that staff will address the regionally scarce and ecologically important habitat types in the
South Hills, such as oak woodland, oak savanna, native upland prairie, old growth Douglas fir/western
hemock forest, mature/old growth grand fir, or Ponderosa pine stands. It is also not clear whether it is the
Council's intention that rare plant populations be inventoried or addressed. Two rare plant species, tall
bugbane (Cimicifuga elata) and wayside aster (Aster via/is) are known to occur in the South Hills. Four
additional species are possible in the South Hills: Kincaid's lupine (Lupinus sulphureus ssp. kincaidii),
rigid white-topped aster (Aster curtus), Willamette Valley daisy ((Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens),
and shaggy horkelia (Horkelia congesta ssp. congesta). Including these resources in a review of the
inventory in the South Hills would provide a more holistic and scientifically defensible basis for making
decisions in the Goal 5 process.
The Council's June 8, 2005 motion would also not add to the Goal 5 inventory the following upland sites
that were removed from the inventory in 2003: Site E34 West Eugene Oak Savanna, Site E40 Riverfront
Park (upland portion), Site E43 Alton Baker Park Uplands, Site E55 Skinner Butte, Site E80 Masonic
Cemetery, Site E83 Elliott Hill/Tugman Park Oak Woodland, Site E84 Bond Lane Park, Site E85 North
Delta, and Site E89 West Lawn Memorial Park (heron rookery).
Please contact me at 682-5507 or via e-mail (neil.h.bjorklund~ci.eugene.or.us) if you have questions or
need additional information.