HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 1: Future Ambulance Transport Funding
JEO
OINT LECTED FFICIALS
AIS
GENDA TEM UMMARY
Action: Future Ambulance Transport Funding
Meeting Date: December 7, 2009 Agenda Item Number: 1
Department: Eugene Fire & EMS Dept. Staff Contact: Randy Groves, Chief
Springfield Fire & Life Safety Dept. Dennis Murphy, Chief
Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District Dale Borland, Chief
ISSUE STATEMENT
Owing to reduced Medicare reimbursements and other economic factors, ambulance transport operations
in the central Lane County region are no longer able to operate on a self-sustaining basis, with user fees
and FireMed memberships as their only sources of funding.
BACKGROUND
Throughout our region, the majority of patients transported are covered by Medicare. Before the
implementation of the Ambulance Fee Schedule on April 1, 2002, ambulance suppliers received
payment from Medicare on a “Reasonable Charge Basis.” Medicare would pay 80 percent of the
allowable amount and the remaining balance was the responsibility of the patient. This allowed
transport providers broad flexibility in setting rates and assured recovery of costs.
The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 added a new section 1834(1) to the Social Security Act which
mandated the implementation of a national fee schedule. This section also required ambulance
providers and suppliers to accept the Medicare allowed charge as payment in full; there was no longer
the ability to bill the patient or another insurance provider for the balance of the reasonable charge.
The new fee schedule took effect in 2002 and was phased in over a five-year period, with full
implementation on January 1, 2006. Put simply, the new national fee schedule, which covers 60 to 70
percent of all transports, does not allow most ambulance providers to recover the cost of providing the
service. Instead, where providers once had the ability to collect the full reasonable charge (which has
risen over the years from $535 to $1,600 per transport), they are now reimbursed between $200 and
$400, depending on the type of call. Medicaid, the State of Oregon’s health insurance program,
reimburses similarly.
Eugene’s Ambulance Transport Fund reserves have decreased from $1.1 million in FY07 to $165,000 in
FY09. At this point, the projections show the fund will be out of reserves by the end of FY10.
Springfield’s Ambulance Transport Fund reserves were depleted as of FY09. The City Council
allocated up to $500,000 in General Fund support, of which approximately $300,000 was needed. An
additional $300,000 in support is allocated for the current fiscal year.
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As a pre-existing taxing authority, Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District has been able to augment its overall
revenue with ambulance fees and FireMed revenue, but not to the extent that the ambulance service is
fully self-supported; instead, the district annually levies funds as necessary to provide all of its services,
in effect providing some support to the ambulance service with general tax monies. For FY09 this
requirement is estimated to be between $400,000 and $500,000, or approximately one-third of the
district’s total revenue.
In February of this year, at the conclusion of a Joint Elected Officials summit regarding this issue, the
formation of the Ambulance Transport System Joint Elected Officials Task Force was authorized.
The attached report from the Task Force provides additional background and a series of
recommendations, which are:
1.That all three jurisdictions remain prepared to allocate a level of General Fund support as
necessary for the continued high-quality provision of this core service.
2.That the Eugene and Springfield City Councils authorize initial steps toward merger of their
fire departments.
3.That exploration begins immediately of more sustainable public funding options.
4.That marketing of FireMed subscriptions be enhanced and expanded in an effort to generate
additional revenues to lessen reliance on general fund tax support.
5.That the Lane County Board of Commissioners act immediately to reconfigure the
boundaries of the county’s Ambulance Service Areas so as to provide for an urban-rural split
between Eugene and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue.
6.That work proceed as rapidly as possible regarding provision of a regional mobile health care
system, featuring tiered levels of response (and cost) available to patients depending on the
nature of the emergency with a report to elected officials by the end of calendar year 2010.
7.That public ambulance service provider agencies continue to lobby the Oregon legislature
and U.S. Congress for larger-scale long-term solutions.
RELATED CITY POLICIES
City of Eugene Value #1: Safe community.
City of Eugene Value #5: Fair, stable, and adequate financial resources.
Springfield City Council 5-Year Goal #1: Provide financially sound, stable city government.
Springfield City Council 5-Year Goal #2: Utilize resources efficiently and effectively to meet citizen
needs for core services.
Springfield City Council 5-Year Goal #5: Enhance public safety in Springfield.
Springfield City Council 5-Year Goal #7: Partner with citizens and other public agencies to leverage
resources.
ELECTED OFFICIAL OPTIONS
Elected officials are at liberty to adopt any or all of the recommendations presented by the Ambulance
Transport System Joint Elected Officials Task Force. Adoption may be by the full JEO group or by the
individual governing bodies of affected jurisdictions, as appropriate.
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CITY MANAGERS’ RECOMMENDATION
None; recommendations of the Ambulance Transport System Joint Elected Officials Task Force are
presented in this document.
SUGGESTED MOTION
Motion to adopt selected (or all) recommendations.
ATTACHMENTS
A.Task Force Report
B.Media Clippings
C.Flier Announcing Public Forums
D.Factsheet and Ballot Provided at Public Forums
E.ASA Map
F.Financial Graph Presented at Public Forums
G.Public Input Results and Comments
H.LCOG Overview of District Alternatives
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Staff Contact: Eugene Fire & EMS Chief Randy Groves
Telephone: 682-7115
Staff E-Mail: randall.b.groves@ci.eugene.or.us
Staff Contact: Springfield Fire & Life Safety Chief Dennis Murphy
Telephone: 726-3737
Staff E-Mail: dmurphy@ci.springfield.or.us
Staff Contact: Lane Rural Fire/Rescue Chief Dale Borland
Telephone: 688-1770
Staff E-mail: dborland@lrfr.org
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ATTACHMENT A
M
EMORANDUM
November 25, 2009
TO: Mayor Kitty Piercy and Eugene City Council Members
Mayor Sid Leiken and Springfield City Council Members
Commission Chair Peter Sorenson and Lane County Commissioners
President Larry von Moos and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue Board Members
FROM: Ambulance Transport System Joint Elected Officials Task Force (Mike Clark,
Andrea Ortiz, Dave Ralston, Hillary Wylie, Rob Handy, Larry von Moos, and
Kevin King)
SUBJECT: REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
In view of negative revenue experiences and projections for the ambulance service providers in
central Lane County (Eugene Fire & EMS Department, Springfield Fire & Life Safety Depart-
ment, and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District), which were brought on by reduced Medicare reim-
bursements and a number of other economic factors, our Task Force was charged earlier this year
to study the problem and develop a recommendation, or set of recommendations, to provide for
long-term financial stability for this service, without compromising the high quality of prehospit-
al emergency medical care that our constituents expect and deserve.
We acknowledge that the provider departments – and their governing bodies – have already ex-
pended substantial effort to address this critical public concern, both by taking extraordinary
steps to reduce expenditures and by passing extraordinary increases in user fees to offset decreas-
ing revenue, but these measures have served only to slow, not stem the fiscal bleeding. Efficien-
cies within the scope of each agency’s control have been or are now being implemented. This
task force was formed because a solution to this crisis is beyond the capacity and authority of
any one provider agency acting unilaterally. It is vital that the possible solutions recommended
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ATTACHMENT A
by this task force immediately be addressed at a regional level and given the highest possible
priority for allocation of time and resources.
Having studied this issue and the range of available options, having engaged the public at a se-
ries of community forums and online, and having worked in concert with stakeholders including
local fire and ambulance service professionals, hospitals, and firefighters’ unions, we recom-
mend as follows:
1.That all three jurisdictions remain prepared to allocate a level of General Fund sup-
port as necessary for the continued high-quality provision of this core service.
2.That the Eugene and Springfield City Councils authorize initial steps toward merger
of their fire departments.
3.That exploration begin immediately of more sustainable public funding options.
4.That marketing of FireMed subscriptions be enhanced and expanded in an effort to
generate additional revenues to lessen reliance on general fund tax support.
5.That the City of Eugene and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue analyze the possibility of recon-
figuring the boundaries of the county’s Ambulance Service Areas so as to provide for
an urban-rural split between Eugene and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue; and, if conditions
appear favorable, that the Lane County Board of Commissioners be asked to enact
such reconfiguration.
6.That work proceed as rapidly as possible regarding provision of a regional mobile
health care system, featuring tiered levels of response (and cost) available to patients
depending on the nature of the emergency with a report to elected officials by the end
of calendar year 2010.
7.That public ambulance service provider agencies continue to lobby the Oregon legis-
lature and U.S. Congress for larger-scale long-term solutions.
BACKGROUND
Throughout our region, the majority of patients transported are covered by Medicare. Before the
implementation of the Ambulance Fee Schedule on April 1, 2002, ambulance suppliers received
payment from Medicare on a “Reasonable Charge Basis.” Medicare would pay 80 percent of the
allowable amount and the remaining balance was the responsibility of the patient. This allowed
transport providers broad flexibility in setting rates and assured recovery of costs.
The Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 added a new section 1834(1) to the Social Security Act
which mandated the implementation of a national fee schedule. This section also required am-
bulance providers and suppliers to accept the Medicare allowed charge as payment in full; there
was no longer the ability to bill the patient or another insurance provider for the balance of the
reasonable charge.
The new fee schedule took effect in 2002 and was phased in over a five-year period, with full
implementation on January 1, 2006. Year one (4/1/02-12/31/02) provided a blending of 20 per-
cent fee schedule and 80 percent reasonable charge. The reasonable charge portion was then re-
duced by 20 percent in each of the four subsequent years, so that as of 2006 only the fee schedule
amount was payable.
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ATTACHMENT A
Put simply, the new national fee schedule, which covers 60 to 70 percent of all transports, does
not allow most ambulance providers to recover the cost of providing the service. Instead, where
we once had the ability to collect the full reasonable charge (which has risen over the years from
$535 to $1,600 per transport), we are now reimbursed between $200 and $400, depending on the
type of call. Medicaid, the state of Oregon’s health insurance program, reimburses similarly.
While Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement reductions are the primary reason that emergency
medical transport in our region has become a revenue-negative enterprise, two national trends are
also contributing to the problem. One is the growing number of individuals eligible for Medi-
care. The other is the economy generally, as the provider agencies – which do not refuse trans-
port because of inability to pay – are being forced to write off more and more bills as uncollecti-
ble.
The Eugene Fire & EMS Department has taken many steps to try to keep the ambulance service
self-sustaining including increasing the transport rates; reducing ambulance coverage for non-
peak times; and cutting costs for administrative staff, materials and supplies. The department has
also worked closely with City Finance staff to identify the appropriate cost split between the
Ambulance Transport Fund and General Fund to ensure the ATF is not supplementing General
Fund services.
In addition, with Eugene’s ambulance system capacity very thin, the department elected to sub-
contract much of its non-emergency transport work to a private provider through an RFP process
as a cost avoidance strategy. With inadequate revenue to increase the number of advanced life
support ambulances on the street, the department elected to privatize this portion of the service
and match a more appropriate level of resource with particular non-emergent call types.
Springfield Fire & Life Safety staff has focused on maximizing existing revenue sources for all
three providers through the joint FireMed program and development of new revenue sources
through Mobile Health Services research and design.
However, none of these adjustments individually or in whole has created a sustainable fund dur-
ing any 6-year financial forecast period. Eugene’s Ambulance Transport Fund reserves have de-
creased from $1.1 million in FY07 to $165,000 in FY09. The financial goal is to maintain a re-
serve equal to two months’ operating expenditures. For Eugene, this total for FY10 is $1.16 mil-
lion. At this point, the projections show the fund will be out of reserves by the end of FY10.
Additionally, for FY10, the fund is unable to support its medic unit replacement reserve resulting
in lengthening the time for fleet replacement.
Springfield’s Ambulance Transport Fund reserves were depleted as of FY09. The City Council
allocated up to $500,000 in General Fund support, of which approximately $300,000 was
needed. An additional $300,000 in support is allocated for the current fiscal year.
The Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District was granted an Ambulance Service Area (ASA) encompass-
ing the northwest portion of Eugene’s ASA in 2001 and in 2002 began providing emergency
medical transport in addition to fire and rescue services to that area, resulting in a reduction of
ambulance transport revenue as well as FireMed membership revenue for Eugene. As a pre-
existing taxing authority, Lane Rural has been able to augment its overall revenue with ambul-
ance fees and FireMed revenue, but not to the extent that the ambulance service is fully self-
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ATTACHMENT A
supported; instead, the district annually levies funds as necessary to provide all of its services, in
effect providing some support to the ambulance service with general tax monies. For FY09 this
requirement is estimated to be between $400,000 and $500,000 or approximately one-third of the
district’s total revenue.
The entire problem will be further exacerbated next calendar year. A temporary increase in the
fee schedule provided in the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 is scheduled to sunset Decem-
ber 31, 2009. Also, for the first time, providers will not be allowed an annual inflationary ad-
justment in the fee schedule. The calendar year 2010 impact of these two factors alone is esti-
mated at $400,000 for Eugene and $300,000 for Springfield.
In February of this year, at the conclusion of a Joint Elected Officials summit regarding this is-
sue, the formation of our Task Force was authorized.
EXPLANATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS
General Fund Support
1.
In Eugene and Springfield, since the cities assumed responsibility for providing am-
bulance service in 1981, it has been established public policy that the service is
to be self-supporting through fees collected (including FireMed membership fees).
This, with the benefit of occasional fee increases, was sufficient until the Medicare
reimbursement reductions took effect.
Facing those reductions, the provider agencies took all steps available to them to con-
tinue to provide service on a self-sustaining basis. However, the crisis worsened as
Oregon’s Medicaid program enacted similar reductions, as the federal reductions be-
came more severe, and as the national economy deteriorated.
Lane Rural Fire/Rescue already supplements its ambulance fee and FireMed revenue
with general tax revenue as necessary. In Eugene and Springfield, this has been re-
quired to a limited extent in recent years, and fiscal projections indicate that the need
for General Fund support is escalating at an alarming rate.
The elected bodies could choose to make General Fund support the permanent solu-
tion to the problem before us. However, the Task Force believes that, for the sake of
preserving other local government services to the greatest extent possible, General
Fund support should be viewed only as a short-term solution. In the long term, the
public will be better served if ambulance and fire services are supported by a combi-
nation of fees for service, FireMed membership fees, and some form of dedicated tax
support.
Fire Department Merger
2.
During the time that our Task Force has been studying and deliberating on the ambul-
ance funding issue, the Portland consulting firm ESCI was commissioned by the ci-
ties of Eugene and Springfield to prepare a report regarding the possible benefits of
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ATTACHMENT A
further collaboration between Eugene Fire & EMS and Springfield Fire & Life Safe-
ty, beyond that already occurring.
The ESCI report, which has been presented to the two City Councils, concludes that
merging the support functions of these departments would save the cities an estimated
$850,000 per year through the elimination of redundant positions (via retirements and
normal attrition). The consultants recommended such a merger.
This proposal happens to align well with our other recommendations. With an inter-
governmental agreement merging these departments as an initial step, not only will
significant General Fund savings be realized immediately, but also, and more impor-
tantly for the long term, the transition to a district will be a smaller, more manageable
step. For these reasons our Task Force is in support of working toward the recom-
mended merger.
New Form of Taxation
3.
This recommendation is based on our belief that continued and growing General Fund
support for ambulance service is unsustainable, and that all other revenue-raising and
cost-cutting measures combined are not sufficient to resolve this issue.
Fire District – In most of Lane County, and increasingly throughout the United States,
fire and ambulance services are provided by special-purpose districts. The growth in
emergency service special districts in areas traditionally served by municipalities may
be attributed to greater competition among public services for increasingly scarce re-
sources, given these districts show a higher degree of success historically to secure
public willingness to pass tax measures to fund high-quality fire, rescue, and emer-
gency medical services.
A general fire service district, including ambulance service, offers a significant public
safety advantage over a district that provides ambulance service only, because – as is
the case now in all three of our jurisdictions – ambulances can be staffed by cross-
trained firefighter/paramedics who can, as necessary, supplement non-ambulance fire
and rescue efforts. In a multi-unit response, the availability of these additional fire-
fighters can make a life-saving difference.
Health District or County Service District – A new limited special-purpose district
could be formed in the region, or the region could annex to an existing health district,
to provide ambulance service. Such a district would be governed by an elected board
of directors. Alternatively, a county service district could be established. This type
of entity would be governed by the Lane County Board of Commissioners. Under ei-
ther of these options, any boundary could be drawn, as long as it did not overlap
another district providing the same service. Either option would require an affirma-
tive vote of the electors within the proposed district.
Appendix H is an overview of district-related options for ambulance service funding,
prepared in June by Lane Council of Governments. The Task Force also reviewed a
full LCOG report regarding districts that was commissioned by the Lane County Fire
Defense Board.
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ATTACHMENT A
In planning for formation of, or annexation to, a special district, many further, more
specific decisions will be needed. Boundary issues, revenue requirements, and the
possibility of tax rate compression will need to be addressed. An election will be re-
quired. Because implementation of these options even at best speed will take a con-
siderable period of time, we recommend the immediate formation of an intergovern-
mental staff team to fast-track the study of the feasibility of implementing this solu-
tion.
Local Option Levy – We are identifying this option only as a temporary means of re-
living the General Fund of the ambulance service funding burden. We believe it may
meet with voter acceptance initially, but we have serious concerns about this form of
funding due to its need for renewal in perpetuity.
Enhance FireMed Marketing
4.
Since its inception in 1985, the FireMed ambulance membership program has been
marketed primarily as a form of protection against personal liability for an ambulance
bill. While the program does serve that purpose for households, the revenue generat-
ed has become essential to the continued provision of high-quality service.
More and more in recent marketing, this latter fact has been mentioned, but the sup-
port-for-the-service theme has always been subordinate to the cover-your-family
theme. We believe the time has come to reverse this.
In marketing for the FY11 membership year, we propose that FireMed advertising fo-
cus on the opportunity to contribute to a safe community, and to a lesser extent, but
still overtly, on the private benefits of membership. Staff analysis has shown that a
significant percentage of members already subscribe on a public-support basis, and
we believe more might do so if they saw the opportunity in that light.
We are also recommending, for the upcoming campaign, a greater reliance on en-
dorsements as a supplement to paid advertising. Toward this end, we are developing
a program whereby endorsing organizations will be able to offer FireMed member-
ships at a group rate below the new rate proposed for the upcoming enrollment cam-
paign.
Reconfigure Ambulance Service Area Boundaries
5.
This recommendation can be adopted or rejected independently of the two above. We
propose analysis of the possibility that the Ambulance Service Area (ASA) assigned
to Lane Rural Fire/Rescue be extended to the south so as to abut the Cottage Grove
ASA, reducing the territory of the Eugene ASA such that it includes only those areas
within the Eugene Urban Growth Boundary plus special districts now served by Eu-
(See ASA map, Appendix D.)
gene Fire & EMS.
This boundary change would have a twofold purpose. First, it would greatly reduce
in-service times for a percentage of ambulance calls now handled by Eugene Fire &
EMS, as Eugene’s ASA currently extends west to a point between Walton and Maple-
6
ATTACHMENT A
ton. This would preserve Eugene rescue and transport resources for emergency avail-
ability in the more immediate Eugene metro area.
Second, the boundary change would allow for growth of the Lane Rural ambulance
service, both geographically and in terms of revenue. It also would pave the way for
possible placement of a Lane Rural ambulance in the Veneta area, although that dep-
loyment decision would ultimately be made by the provider agency based on further
analysis.
The above objectives would not be achieved without some revenue impact to Eugene
Fire & EMS, which would be transferring an estimated 850 calls per year to Lane Ru-
ral. This represents revenue estimated at $500,000. That figure, however, represents
raw revenue only. It should be recognized that, in expanding its service territory,
Lane Rural would incur additional operating expenses that would offset the revenue
to a great extent; conversely, Eugene’s actual net loss of revenue would be smaller
because rural calls cost more operationally than urban ones, and also because fewer
Eugene-based calls will need to be handled by other agencies. Actual calculations of
the net effect would depend on deployment configurations subsequent to an ASA
boundary change, and also on actual call experience under that scenario.
Mobile Health Care System
6.
A Mobile Health Care (MHS) system links prehospital emergency medical services
with several types of non-emergency medical care in a network of 24-hour healthcare.
In Central Lane County, these would include fire/paramedic first response fire en-
gines and ambulances, a private non-emergency ambulance contractor, wheelchair
transport vehicles, and a mobile primary care provider known as Med Express.
The MHS system is designed to triage phone calls from the public for help on illness
and injury and match the level of response more closely with the level of care
needed. The responding caregiver determines if the patient can be safely treated and
released without further care or needs additional care. If additional care is needed,
the caregiver determines whether the patient must be seen immediately or later
and whether the patient needs transportation to a doctor's office, clinic, or emergency
department.
The goal is to improve early access to advice and direct the patient to the most appro-
priate level of care to match the nature and severity of illness or injury. This is de-
signed to improve the quality of care while lowering the overall cost.
Currently, only the fire units and private non-emergency ambulance service are
linked. Grant funding is being sought to link all other parts of the system and demon-
strate the efficacy of the MHS network.
Continue to Lobby Congress for Relief
7.
From a national perspective, the effect of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 on am-
bulance services has been very small in comparison to the effects on physicians, hos-
pitals, and other health care providers. Nonetheless, ambulance associations and local
7
ATTACHMENT A
governments have had some limited success in pushing for increases in the fee sche-
dule (an example being the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Moderni-
zation Act (MMA) of 2003, which unfortunately is due to sunset on December 31 of
this year). This lobbying should continue.
OTHER OPTIONS CONSIDERED
Continue to Raise Rates:
Although this approach has been used in the past to forestall revenue
deficits, our Task Force rejected it for simple mathematical reasons. Because the majority of pa-
tients transported are covered by Medicare with its capitated reimbursement schedule, and be-
cause a large percentage of the remaining patients are unable to pay, the full fee is seldom col-
lected. Even an astronomical rate increase would result in only a minimal revenue gain, and
would in all likelihood result in a negative patient care impact if cost became a deterrent to ac-
cepting transport.
Privatize the Service:
The elected bodies to which we belong have identified ambulance trans-
port as a core public service that should continue to be publicly administered. Therefore the op-
tion of privatization was not studied by our group, and was not identified to the public as a viable
option. Eugene Fire & EMS has contracted with a private provider to handle some non-
emergency transports, but assignment of emergency prehospital care to this or any other private
provider is not being considered. Under full privatization, the public would not only relinquish
quality control, but also the emergency response versatility afforded by the firefighter/para-
medics now staffing local ambulances.
Market FireMed as an Alternative to Additional Taxation:
This was suggested at one of the
community forums. It is correct that, if a sufficient number of FireMed memberships were sold,
that enhanced revenue stream could take the place of General Fund support. However, FireMed
and fire service professionals have countered, and we as your Task Force believe, that this type
of marketing would probably result in unfortunate public perceptions and could lead to a back-
lash. Further, continued service would become dependent on adequate FireMed sales from one
year to the next. Having said that, we are recommending enhanced marketing of FireMed, but
with a positive approach.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
During our process, we directed staff to engage the public regarding this issue. We published an
op-ed column in The Register-Guard explaining our charge, and nine community forums were
organized within the three jurisdictions. The forums were announced via paid advertising,
earned (unpaid) media (newspaper, television, and radio), and online. There were also presenta-
tions made to the Eugene City Club, Eugene Chamber of Commerce, and Springfield Chamber
of Commerce. In addition to the community forums, we set up an online survey providing the
same information and options as were provided at the public forums.
Documentation can be found in Appendices A through F, including a full transcript of written
public comments received.
In summary, the combined responses from the community forums and the online survey showed
the most support for the formation of a general fire service district, while General Fund support
8
ATTACHMENT A
(at the expense of other public services) was the least favored option. Numerical details regard-
ing the responses are given in the appendix. Altogether, 116 responses were received and rec-
orded.
We recognize that this is not a statistically valid sample, but it does represent the views of those
interested enough to participate. We considered the public response in the same light as public
testimony received on any issue, and we are confident that the full elected bodies will do the
same.
CONCLUSION
With the political will already expressed to continue emergency medical transport as a core pub-
lic service, and with the existing revenue streams no longer adequate, there is little question that
additional tax support will be required. The only questions are as to the form and magnitude of
that additional tax support.
Some of the measures recommended above can provide a degree of financial relief and/or service
improvement. To directly address the larger and more critical central issue, however, we are
compelled to report that General Fund support will probably be required to bridge the gap over
the short to mid-term, and we conclude further that some new form of general tax support is the
best solution for the long term, both from a fiscal and service standpoint. We recommend that
further analysis of that option begin without delay.
Please contact any member of the Task Force, or staff in the respective fire service agencies, if
you have questions or would like any additional information.
APPENDICES
A.Media clippings
B.Flier announcing public forums
C.Factsheet and ballot provided at public forums
D.ASA map
E.Financial graph presented at public forums
F.Public input results and comments
G.LCOG overview of district alternatives
9
ATTACHMENT C
Local Ambulance Service:
What’s the Future?
Ambulance providers across the United States are facing critical financial
shortfalls, primarily due to reductions in Medicare reimbursements. Ambulance
service in Lane County is no exception. A fundamental change is needed now.
Make your voice heard on this issue. Attend and participate in one of the public
forums listed below, where officials from the Eugene Fire & EMS Department,
Springfield Fire & Life Safety, and Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District will explain
the problem and some possible solutions and ask for your feedback. Everyone
is welcome. Please join us and let us know what YOU think should be done.
Tuesday, Sept. 15 – 7 p.m., Hilyard Community Center, 2580 Hilyard St.
Wednesday, Sept. 16 – 7:30 p.m., Fire Station 51, 29999 Hallett St.
Thursday, Sept. 17 – 7:30 p.m., Fire Station 11-1, 88050 Territorial Hwy., Veneta
nd
Tuesday, Sept. 22 – 7:30 p.m., Eugene Emergency Services Center, 1705 W. 2
Wednesday, Sept. 23 – 7 p.m., Churchill Estates, 1919 Bailey Hill Rd.
th
Thursday, Sept. 24 – 7:30 p.m., Springfield Library Meeting Room, 225 5 St.
th
Tuesday, Sept. 29 – 7:30 p.m., Fire Station 3, 1225 28 St., Springfield
Wednesday, Sept. 30 – 7:30 p.m., Petersen Barn, 870 Berntzen Rd.
Thursday, Oct. 1 – 7:30 p.m., Fire Station 6, 2435 Willakenzie
ATTACHMENT D
REGIONAL AMBULANCE TRANSPORT FUNDING
History and Problem Statement:
In central Lane County, ambulance service is expected to be self-supporting; historically, general tax
support has not been authorized, and the service instead has been funded by fees (and supplemented
by FireMed ambulance membership revenue).
This region’s ambulance system has a history of state and national awards for excellence. However,
specialized equipment and highly trained emergency responders come at a high price, and as costs rise,
so do the fees.
But the actual fee schedule is only a small part of the story. In fact, the majority of ambulance
transports in our area are provided to individuals 65 and over, who are covered by Medicare. Federal
laws enacted over the past decade have greatly reduced the amount of reimbursement an ambulance
provider may collect from Medicare. There is a corresponding issue at the State level, with Medicaid.
In addition, the downturn in the economy is resulting in a higher percentage of patients being
transported who are uninsured, underinsured, or unable to privately pay their bills.
As an overall result, the ambulance providers – Eugene Fire & EMS, Springfield Fire & Life Safety, and
Lane Rural Fire/Rescue – are losing money on most transports. The full listed fee is hardly ever actually
collected.
We have now reached the point where there is insufficient revenue available to continue the service on
a self-sustaining basis. Because our ambulance agencies have become a revenue-negative enterprise,
something must be done.
Recognizing this, the elected officials of the City of Eugene, the City of Springfield, Lane Rural
Fire/Rescue, and the Lane County Board of Commissioners have formed the Joint Elected Officials
Ambulance Transport Service Task Force. With input from the public, and with information from
ambulance service administrators, fire officials, firefighters’ unions, patients, and other stakeholders, the
Task Force will make a recommendation – or series of recommendations – to the four elected bodies.
The change to a new funding system may be fast or slow. It may affect the level of service. It may
affect other government services. Whatever the change is, it will have pros and cons. But change
must come if we are to keep high-quality ambulance service available in our region.
Some of the options the Task Force is considering are explained on the reverse. A form to provide brief
written feedback to the Task Force is also provided. Thank you for your interest, and we encourage
your participation.
ATTACHMENT D
AMBULANCE SERVICE FUNDING OPTIONS
Option A1 – General Fund Support. Elected officials have agreed that ambulance service is and should
remain a “core” public service. However, the service has historically been self-supporting, and providing
General Fund support would mean reducing other public services. Municipalities are already facing steep
General Fund shortfalls. Lane Rural Fire/Rescue and the City of Springfield are now providing limited General
Fund support to ambulance transport, but only out of necessity. It should be remembered that General Fund
support would augment ambulance transport fees, not replace them. Fees would still be required, both as an
offset to taxation and as a deterrent to abuse of the service.
Option A2 – Form a Fire District that Provides Ambulance Service. Under this option, which would
require voter approval, some portion of central Lane County would form a new tax-and-service district, or
annex into an existing one. The cities of Eugene and Springfield would no longer be responsible for fire and
ambulance service in their jurisdictions. Such a merger could also include the Lane Rural Fire/Rescue
District. Under this proposal, the cities would no longer be required to allocate General Fund support to the
fire departments, and city taxes could be reduced to that extent. Instead, the new entity would tax property
owners as necessary to provide adequate fire protection and financially stable ambulance service. Again, an
ambulance transport fee would still be required, but could potentially be reduced.
Option A3 – Form a Special Health Taxing District. Under this option, which would also require voter
approval, a limited county-wide taxing district would be formed to support all eight of Lane County’s
ambulance service districts. Although more analysis would be needed to determine the exact amount of
property tax needed, early estimates place the range between 35 and 45 cents per thousand dollars of
assessed value.
Privatize the Service. To maintain the high quality of service enjoyed by the current system, and to
continue to enjoy the utility afforded through the use of cross-trained firefighter/paramedics that can respond
to a broader range of emergencies, the Task Force has removed this option from consideration at this time.
Continue to Raise Ambulance Service Fees. This is not considered a viable long-term option, because
the full fee is so seldom collected. Prior to the Medicare reimbursement reductions, rate increases were used
successfully to balance the budget. Now, however, even a substantial increase only produces a limited
amount of revenue and buys a small amount of time, because the majority of patients are either covered by
Medicare or are unable to pay.
Option B4 – Change Service Area Boundaries. Under Oregon law, ambulance service areas are
assigned by each county’s Board of Commissioners. The Lane County Board of Commissioners could act to
change the existing boundaries so as to provide for more of an urban/rural split of service areas between
Eugene and Lane Rural; Springfield would not be affected. With such a change, Eugene would have options
for changing its transport service model, possibly reducing costs, because a paramedic fire engine already
responds to medical calls in the metro area. Lane Rural, at the same time, would add call volume which
could add to its financial base. This option does not necessarily raise revenue or reduce cost, but it would
redistribute responsibility for service with the potential of adding stability to the system. All automatic and
mutual aid agreements would remain in force and provide for back-up coverage between the jurisdictions.
Option B5 – Mobile Health Care System. This refers to the creation of a new network of emergency and
non-emergency health care response vehicles and caregivers designed to better match the needs of the
patient with the level of response. The goals would be to improve access to health care, improve the quality
of care, reduce the overall cost by sorting the type of illness or injury and matching the care with the type of
illness or injury, and create a new source of revenue that would contribute to the system. If successful, the
new design could become an important ingredient for the success of health care reform efforts. However,
the model is untested and would require start-up funding to prove that it will achieve the desired outcomes.
Other Options – The Ambulance Transport System Joint Elected Officials Task Force is interested in hearing
additional proposals that have potential to stabilize ambulance transport funding in our region on a long-term
basis. The list above presents the most viable options that have been identified to date. More and better
solutions may exist.
ATTACHMENT D
AMBULANCE FUNDING FEEDBACK FORM
Please take a few moments to indicate your opinions to the Task Force studying this issue. Thank you!
Option A1 – General Fund Support.
5 4 3 2 1
Good idea Not a good idea
Option A2 – Form a Fire District that Provides Ambulance Service.
5 4 3 2 1
Good idea Not a good idea
Option A3 – Form a Special Health Taxing District.
5 4 3 2 1
Good idea Not a good idea
Option B4 – Change Service Area Boundaries.
5 4 3 2 1
Good idea Not a good idea
Option B5 – Mobile Health Care System.
5 4 3 2 1
Good idea Not a good idea
Additional comments: _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
I live in: ___ Eugene ___ Springfield ____ Lane Rural Fire/Rescue District ____ Other
Please contact me: Name ___________________________________________
Contact info ______________________________________
ATTACHMENT G
Page: Ambulance Funding Feedback
DownloadCreate Chart1. Please take a few moments to indicate your opinions to the Task Force studying
this issue. Thank you!
answered question 97
skipped question 3
1- Not a 5- Good Rating Response
2 3 4
Good Idea Idea Average Count
Option A1 –
General
25.5% (24)
24.5% (23) 12.8% (12) 12.8% (12) 24.5% (23) 3.14 94
Fund
Support.
Option A2 –
Form a Fire
District that
52.6% (51)
10.3% (10) 9.3% (9) 11.3% (11) 16.5% (16) 3.92 97
Provides
Ambulance
Service.
Option A3 –
Form a
Special
30.4% (28)
18.5% (17) 7.6% (7) 21.7% (20) 21.7% (20) 3.38 92
Health
Taxing
District.
Option B4 –
Change
25.3% (21) 25.3% (21)
8.4% (7) 19.3% (16) 21.7% (18) 3.13 83
Service
Area
Boundaries.
Option B5 –
Mobile
38.5% (35)
23.1% (21) 12.1% (11) 18.7% (17) 7.7% (7) 3.26 91
Health Care
System.
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this issue. Thank you!
51
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1
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Any arrangement that does not create yet another elected or appointed board or Fri, Oct
commission should be considered. Surely we have a sufficient supply of available 2, 2009
1.
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elected mayors, commissioners, etc., to assume the political responsibility for 12:58
whatever area-wide ambulance service is set up. PM
Fri, Oct
2, 2009
2. Merge fire districts where financially cost-effective.
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12:56
PM
Fri, Oct
Mobile health care an interesting idea. Need to stabilize funding for existing services
3. 2, 2009
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before piloting/developing futuristic solutions.
8:38 AM
Fri, Oct
4. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:34 AM
Fri, Oct
5. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:33 AM
Fri, Oct
6. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:33 AM
Fri, Oct
7. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:33 AM
Fri, Oct
8. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:32 AM
Fri, Oct
9. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:32 AM
Fri, Oct
10. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:31 AM
Fri, Oct
11. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll
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2, 2009
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this issue. Thank you!
8:31 AM
Fri, Oct
12. Eugene Chamber of Commerce straw poll 2, 2009
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8:30 AM
Although it is off the table, I think there should be more consideration given to a private
provider taking over the ambulance service. Private enterprise can make a profit on Fri, Oct
13. transport because they are not tied to bloated benefit and compensation packages. A 2, 2009
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free market system works without a reduction in service-- just more efficient use of 5:48 AM
resources and more realistic compensation expectations by the employee.
If the financial challenges to all public safety providers (fire, ambulance, police, sheriff)
received a comprehensive and collective discussion by our elected officials and
citizens, perhaps a solution that would provide stable funding for all public safety
services could be identified. If the funding for all public safety services was provided
Wed,
by a new taxing district, it could allow the cities and county to use general fund
Sep 30,
revenues for other "core" services. Formation of a new taxing district, for me, would
14. 2009
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only be successful if it addressed stable funding to all public safety service providers.
11:04
AM
The real solution lies with constitutional changes to our current taxing structure. Any
new taxing district will eventually be insufficient to maintain viable service provision.
Any truly long-term solution should include repealing the tax limitation laws passed
years ago.
Tue, Sep
Form a metro wide fire district - include all rural departments within 10 miles of the city
15. 29, 2009
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limits of both cities
4:52 PM
Private ambulance service is a huge mistake - I worked in So Cal as an RN and the Tue, Sep
16. quality of care is so far below our level here with Firefighter Paramedics. They are all-29, 2009
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hazard heroes!! 4:50 PM
Tue, Sep
Merger will solve the problem with ability to deliver the service most cheaply but still
17. 29, 2009
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retain high quality
4:48 PM
Merge the fire departments and redesign how the ambulances are funded - keep them Tue, Sep
18. part of the fire department but find better ways to use them with FF/Paramedics as 29, 2009
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dual role. 4:46 PM
Tue, Sep
Why the two fire departments aren't already in a fire district is a mystery. That is the
19. 29, 2009
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only stable approach to providing fire and EMS service
4:42 PM
Tue, Sep
A fire district is the most logical approach to all emergency services provided by Fire
20. 29, 2009
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departments. There is great economy of scale in this concept
4:40 PM
Sun, Sep
Ambulance service is essential to our community and should be considered a high
27, 2009
21. priority core service. I would prefer that government provide the service as opposed to
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10:00
privatizing the system.
AM
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this issue. Thank you!
I used the ambulance service recently. Five people came to the rescue. Two did the
work. Three stood around watching. The quality of work appeared quite high. The Sat, Sep
billing seemed excessive. Since I had medicare and insurance the paperwork I 26, 2009
22.
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received suggested that the insurers agreed with me in the allowed amounts paid. I 11:31
thought the service rendered was of excellent quality but the price a bit high. How do AM
the charges relate to the real costs?
Fri, Sep
You need a diversification of equipment -- STOL/aircraft/helicopters/small & large
23. 25, 2009
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ambulances
9:17 AM
Thu, Sep
24. General fund short-term, district long-term. 24, 2009
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7:09 AM
Thu, Sep
Privatization should be considered! You have the highest fee schedule in the state and
25. 24, 2009
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can't even cover costs. Mobile health care option is not thoroughly explained.
7:07 AM
Thu, Sep
26. Do not privatize ambulance! Core service! Essential! 24, 2009
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7:06 AM
Thu, Sep
27. We need you. I think that raising or creating new taxes is the way to go. 24, 2009
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7:04 AM
Wed,
Can the case be made for increasing FireMed membership and can that raise enough
Sep 23,
28. money to off-set the costs? Also, since inadequate Medicare reimbursement is the
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2009
root of the problem, can that issue be addressed at the Federal level??
2:18 PM
The task force would be wise to consider other options not listed. For instance there
are current ambulance service providers, who service Eugene and Springfield, that are
better able to survive with the current re-imbursement model described in the survey.
These ambulance services specialize in Advanced Life Support inter-facility transports
Tue, Sep
and could ease a significant ambulance transport burden that is outlined in the survey.
29. 22, 2009
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This would reduce the overall amount of work load on Eugene and Springfield fire
8:23 PM
ambulances and allow them to concentrate on the important 911 calls. This option
would not violate any existing private ambulance response restrictions as inter-facility
transports are not restricted ambulance transport services.This is just one example of
many options that are not considered in your survey.
I am sure that the "city officials" will look out for the best interest of the city. The Tue, Sep
30. Eugene medics complain on a daily basis about having to come to the "rurals." We 22, 2009
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want quality care by people who care. I am willing to pay for quality services. 1:28 PM
Tue, Sep
The worst thing that could happen would be for ALS to be taken over by a private
31. 22, 2009
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service.
1:26 PM
Tue, Sep
32. I feel we are being exploited by Eugene in many ways. 22, 2009
Find...
1:25 PM
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this issue. Thank you!
Get rid of lazy stupid public officials and vote in some people who will recognize what Tue, Sep
33. the problems are and will get busy & solve them. Eugene area is 20 years behind the 22, 2009
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rest of the U.S.! 1:24 PM
Tue, Sep
Lane County Fire District #1 should be more involved with all this. And a possible EMS
34. 22, 2009
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transport unit out here in the Veneta area. (I live in Walton.)
1:23 PM
Too complicated to understand in one evening. I think you should market the FireMed
Tue, Sep
insurance to increase people. Pointing out that $52 per year would take 32 years to
35. 22, 2009
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equal one $1,600 ambulance ride -- I never thought of it like this! By age 60 it should
1:20 PM
be a good buy!
Tue, Sep
Push for federal & state health care, not insurance coverage! General tax support--
36. 22, 2009
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there's lots of $$s for street & road repair.
1:19 PM
Tue, Sep
37. Encourage more FireMed participation. 22, 2009
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1:17 PM
Re: Mobile Health Care System -- It's ABSURD that this is even a choice on this
survey. Tue, Sep
38. 22, 2009
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Ambulance should be a core service just as Fire & Police. Core services should be 1:14 PM
funded first with other services on the back burner.
Tue, Sep
Privatization with a private/public cooperative model is the best solution. It should be
39. 22, 2009
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on the table for discussion!
8:19 AM
Tue, Sep
40. Cut waste -- get rid of about two-thirds of the PR people in Public Works and LRCS. 22, 2009
Find...
7:55 AM
Mon,
the ambulance fund needs to strictly pay for ambulance services, too many outside Sep 21,
41.
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things are taken from the fund. 2009
9:23 AM
Mon,
I think it would be unwise to try B-5 until there is empirical data from other locations Sep 21,
42.
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which have used it to support that it would be a viable model for this area. 2009
9:18 AM
I probably like Option A2 the best, but only if there is in fact a fee still associated with Sun, Sep
43. the service. Otherwise, system abuse would become an issue. 20, 2009
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Would there still be a fee associated with Option A3? 4:51 PM
Lane Rural has done an excellent job and we would welcome them here in Veneta. Do Sun, Sep
44. not attempt to sell out our area to a private company, we simply won't go for that, 20, 2009
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period. 3:38 PM
45. I have many comments. Sat, Sep
Find...
DownloadCreate Chart1. Please take a few moments to indicate your opinions to the Task Force studying
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Option A1: In your mission and vision statements you mention community and service 19, 2009
area. Ambulance service needs to be recognized as a core service which benefits all 12:27
of the area. Many folks who work and own property in Eugene live beyond the city PM
limits and there should be no limit to providing this service. It deserves general fund
support.
Option B4- This would only work if Lane Rural had another ambulance to help cover
the added area. Maybe Eugene could donate one for the good of the patrons.
My biggest thought is that aggressively promoting FireMed makes more sense than
trying to form a new taxing district in the current political and economic climate. If a
60% membership rate would support ambulance service then go for that. I think there
needs to be a whole new team approach to selling it which would promote the whole
EMS system, emphasizing its quality of service and the low cost of membership.
Promote the use of memberships as employee perks.
Give a slight discount for renewals.
Do school fundraisers where $10 per membership is given back to the school.(Better
than gift wrap or chocolate)
Promote gift memberships or tax deductible philanthropy.
Every form of government in Oregon is cramped by tax measures and this is a form of
funding which is basically non-political and does not require a vote.
With the bottom line being the lack of payment for service, it seems that increasing
funding in some way will need to be included in the solution. Amubulance transport is
Fri, Sep
an important service to our communities, and up to this point has been outstanding.
18, 2009
46. There is also the consideration of staffing ambulances with lower EMT levels to help
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12:30
offset the cost. While having the skills of a Paramedic is desireable, it seems in most
PM
instances that an Intermediate level EMT would be adequate for the needs of the
patient, especially with the recent upgrade in skills.
I attended the first meeting in south Eugene and before I can give you even an
educated guess of my opinion on any of the options I really need more information Fri, Sep
about the present cost of doing business for the fire and ambulance departments. Can 18, 2009
47.
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I get budget figures? One option is to form a fire district that provides ambulance 10:46
service, would the cities then reduce there rates accordingly? Or continue to use there AM
permanent rate to fund other activies?
Ambulance service needs to be considered an essential service. Ambulance, fire and Wed,
police, various components of public works, waste water management services should Sep 16,
48.
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be the first priorities in the budget process. I think there should be a user fee for the 2009
ambulance program to decrease the use of the service improperly. 3:18 PM
Wed,
Sep 16,
49. Where is the private option?
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2009
1:13 PM
Tue, Sep
15, 2009
50. What's the financial potential of charging fines to those who abuse the 911 system?
Find...
6:39 PM
DownloadCreate Chart2. I live in:
DownloadCreate Chart2. I live in:
answered question 88
skipped question 12
Response Response
Percent Count
Other 15.9% 14
Eugene 60.2% 53
Springfield 10.2% 9
Lane Rural
13.6% 12
Fire/Rescue
District
i do not reside in the cities but in the mckenzie valley area. i do not know enough about option Tue, Sep 15,
51. b5--that may be a decent option---one thing for sure--- private owned ambulance companies 2009 12:26
should never be discussed---they are too interested in the almighty dollar not service!!!!!!! PM
ATTACHMENT H
OVERVIEW OF SELECTED ALTERNATIVES
FOR FUNDING AMBULANCE SERVICES
Impact
Type of Entity Applicable Creates Governing Election on Statutory Comprehensive
Statutes New Body Existing Limitations Plan Impacts
Revenues Districts
Intergovernmental ORS 190 No Existing No No No
Agreement Elected Bodies
Formation of a new fire ORS 198 and Yes New Elected Yes, Yes Cannot have Perhaps
district ORS 478 Board primary or overlapping district
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
general formed under same
special districts)
election principal Act
Formation of a new ORS 198 and Yes New Elected Yes, Yes Cannot have Perhaps
health district ORS 440 Board primary or overlapping district
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
general formed under same
special districts)
election principal Act
Formation of a county ORS 198 and Yes County Board Yes, Yes Perhaps
service district ORS 451 of primary or
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
Commissioners general
special districts)
election
Annexation to an existing ORS 198 and Yes, at Existing Optional Yes Cannot have Perhaps
district principal Act established Elected Board overlapping district
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
permanent formed under same
special districts)
tax rate principal Act
Merger of like districts ORS 198 and No New Yes, next No Perhaps
by cessation of district(s) principal Act Configured available
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
being absorbed into Elected Board election
special districts)
surviving district
Consolidation of 2 or ORS 198 and Yes New Yes, next Yes Perhaps
more like districts into a principal Act Configured available
(Metro Plan has
specific language about
new successor district Elected Board election
special districts)
LCOG: L:\BC\2008 LC FIRE DEFENSE BOARD\AMBDIST\AMBDISTREPORT\MATRIXFORAMS JEO.DOC