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Section Four: On-Scene Operations and Critical Tasks firefighters be on scene, equipped and in position for immediate entry, before at least two additional firefighters are allowed to entry into an IDLH environment. The objective of a transitional attack is to buy time for potential victims, and to provide a safer environment for an interior offensive attack. Defensive Strategy - This strategy generally consists of an exterior attack designed to confine a fire to the structure of origin. No attempts are made to rescue civilian fire victims from the interior of a structure because, by virtue of the fire's extent, victims not already evacuated are presumed to be beyond rescue. A "fully involved" structure is one that is at high risk for collapse, and even modem firefighting protective equipment is not sufficient to allow rescuers to safely enter such a super-heated environment. In the case of a large structure, a defensive attack can also be an interior attack that saves a substantial portion of the structure from the fire by taking advantage of the building's design. The objective of a defensive attack is to protect an uninvolved area or building, or other exposures. A defensive attack may also apply to wildland fires when crews are deployed well ahead of a fire and attempt to change the fire's course, remove unburned fuels from the fire's path, or decide which neighborhoods can be saved and maintain safe escape routes for the use of fleeing residents. Apparatus Types Fire Engines - The department currently staffs nine NFPA-designated 'triple combination' pumpers. These are apparatus equipped with a fire pump, hose complement, and water tank. Eugene's fire engines are also designated as wildland Type I engines and are given a Class-A designation by the Insurance Services Office (ISO). The units are always staffed with at least three firefighters: one captain or lieutenant, who functions as the lead worker in charge of the company; one engineer (apparatus operator); and at least one firefighter. As part of this three-person complement, Eugene's engines are always staffed with at least one paramedic, allowing each company to operate as both a fire suppression and first response advanced life support (ALS) unit. Under current department policy, some of these resources may be staffed without a paramedic and operated as basic or intermediate life support units on a day-to-day basis, due to staffing limitations. The role of the engine company during fire suppression efforts is to pump water through a variety of fire hose and associated appliances onto the fire in order to lower the temperature of the fuel below its ignition temperature. Ladder Trucks - The department currently staffs two types of ladder truck companies. The first type is a 105' straight ladder (no bucket), carried on a tractor-trailer tillered aerial apparatus chassis. The second type is a 100' elevating platform carded on a single chassis with all-steer capability, meaning all wheels can be tumed for optimum maneuverability. The department also 38