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Eugene -Springfield Area Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan <br />4. Risk and Vulnerability <br />NATURAL DISASTERS <br />hydro -meteorological, geological, `other' <br />MOTIVES <br />INCENTIVES <br />OPPORTUNITIES <br />Type of <br />Type Of <br />Impact <br />Natural <br />Disaster <br />Rapid <br />Widespread <br />Acute <br />State capacity <br />onset. <br />suffering <br />competition for <br />stretched, or focus <br />mostly, <br />scarce resources <br />shifts creating'space' <br />Proximate <br />but slow <br />Destruction of <br />for resistance <br />(immediate <br />onset can <br />living space and <br />Incentives for <br />impact) <br />also reach <br />means of survival <br />elite resource <br />Declining legitimacy <br />discrete <br />grabs <br />of state if its response <br />crisis <br />Refugees and <br />is inadequate or if it <br />points <br />Internally <br />is partially to blame <br />Displaced <br />for disaster <br />Persons <br />Capture of relief <br />resources by <br />combatants and <br />insurgent groups <br />Increased <br />Increased <br />Weakening of state <br />Slow <br />resource <br />competition for <br />(Reduce resources <br />Structural <br />onset <br />allocation <br />scarce resources <br />while constraining <br />(longer- <br />and <br />inequality <br />state capacity. <br />term <br />Rapid <br />Increased poverty <br />Incentives for <br />Distribution of <br />impact) <br />onset <br />Population <br />elite resource <br />collective action <br />displacement <br />grabs <br />resources shifts away <br />Rising income <br />from state) <br />inequality <br />Calculations of <br />Distribution of <br />Grievances <br />potential gains <br />collective action <br />from violent <br />resources <br />civil conflict <br />VIOLENT CIVIL CONFLICT <br />Figure 4-4 Source: Intemational Studies Quarterly, 2008 - Summary of Casual ArgumentLinlnng <br />Natural Disasters and Violent Civil Conflict <br />4.8.2 Dam or Levee Failure <br />This plan only considered dam failure a significant impact of a natural hazard. To <br />evaluate the risk posed by this impact, 90 substantial dam failures since 1802 were <br />evaluated (Appendix H). The review only included manmade dams and did not <br />consider the failure of natural dams. The mode of failure was cross referenced to ensure <br />natural hazards were, in fact, the cause. <br />4-24 January 2020 <br />