Laserfiche WebLink
Eugene -Springfield Area Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan <br />4. Risk and Vulnerability <br />Dam and levee failures are extremely uncommon. Due to the rarity of natural hazard <br />induced dam failures, determining the odds of such an event is difficult. Less than one <br />percent of dams fail and only a very small portion of those are caused by natural <br />events.93 Additionally, for most natural hazard -induced dam failures structural <br />(design), operational, and/or construction problems compounded the natural hazard's <br />impact on the dam or its components. <br />Levee failures were not evaluated due to the regulatory variances found throughout the <br />country complicating accurate record keeping. <br />More information on dams and levees affecting the Eugene -Springfield area is in <br />Appendix H. <br />4.8.3 Epidemics <br />An epidemic is the spread of an infectious disease affecting, or tending to affect, a <br />disproportionally large number of individuals within a population, community, or <br />region at the same time. Epidemics are not rare following a natural disaster, but <br />typically manifest themselves in under developed countries. The cholera epidemic in <br />2010-2011 after the Haitian earthquake spread quickly affecting more than 500,000 <br />people at a significant cost to the community. Worldwide risk assessments have been <br />determined for many natural hazard -induced epidemics.94 Identified risk factors and <br />data from the worldwide risk assessment was reviewed to determine the Eugene - <br />Springfield area's risk to such an event. <br />4.8.4 Hazardous Materials <br />In general, hazardous material releases and spills occur more frequently than dam or <br />levee failures but are still difficult to identify due to security issues concerning release <br />of information, different reporting standards and regulations, and differing <br />classification of what constitutes a hazardous material. Despite the differences, <br />industries, which handle hazardous materials and have strict reporting policies, can be <br />used to better understand the odds of a natural hazard induced hazardous material spills <br />or release from oil pipelines. See Figure 4-5 for the percentage of natechs by hazard. <br />""Dams' Safety Is at the Very Origin of the Foundation of ICOLD." Dams' Safety Is at the Very Origin <br />of the Foundation of ICOLD. Accessed April 2016. https://www.icold- <br />eigb.org/GB/dams/dams safety.asp. <br />94 Lemonick, David M. "Epidemics after natural disasters." American Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. <br />3 (2011): 144-152. <br />4-25 January 2020 <br />