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Eugene -Springfield Area Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan <br />2. Hazard Descriptions <br />demands on the grid in the early morning hours.58 This incident registered a <br />disturbance storm time (Dst) of 600 nT (nanoTesla). The Dst during the 1859 <br />Carrington Incident was estimated to be between 800 and 1750 nT. As a point of <br />reference, the Northern Lights around the Arctic Circle have an average Dst of 50 <br />nT. <br />2.6.4 Impacts — Cascading Incidents <br />Civil Unrest <br />A large scale and destructive GMD could easily generate all the contributing factors <br />identified for violent conflict or civil unrest to occur (Figure 4-4). With reliable <br />news limited or absent, tensions and anger can rise. Little information is known on <br />how a GMD could trigger this impact. An incident has not been witnessed since the <br />advent of modern technology, but it is reasonable to assume civil unrest could <br />quickly spring from such a situation. <br />History of Impact in Eugene -Springfield <br />There is no known history of a civil unrest incidents due to a geomagnetic <br />disturbance. <br />Risk of Impact <br />A large GMD has the potential of causing widespread confusion and panic, <br />especially if it impacts the entire country. A large-scale GMD incident combined <br />with very limited mitigation activities and the extreme dependency on modern <br />technology means the risk of civil unrest is high. <br />Dam or Levee Failure <br />Scientists are studying GMDs and their effects on modern technology. Large solar <br />flare incidents have the potential of causing devastating damage to unprotected <br />electronics. It is plausible a GMD could cause damage to electronic dam control <br />and operation systems. <br />More information on dams or levees is in Appendix H. <br />History of Impact in Eugene -Springfield <br />There is no known history of dam or levee failure due to a geomagnetic disturbance. <br />Risk of Impact <br />"Odenwald, Sten. "The Day the Sun Brought Darkness." NASA. Updated August 2017. Accessed <br />November 2017. http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/sun darkness.html <br />2-41 January 2020 <br />